The Great War. 1914 – Europe Goes to War Allied Powers: Britain, France, Russia, Italy, later the...
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The Great War
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1914 – Europe Goes to War• Allied Powers:
Britain, France, Russia, Italy, later the U.S.
• Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire
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• Most of the fighting took place on the Western Front
• First Battle of Ypres - the beginning of stalemate (standstill) on the Western Front in 1914.
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• Almost 1.8 million casualties in the first 5 months
• Soldiers declared truce on Christmas Day and celebrated together
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1915 – Trench Warfare• Trenches became deeper and more complex
No Man’s Land
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STARTER 2/14/13• Fill out your planner.• At the bottom of the 2nd page of notes,
answer the following:–Do you agree with this quote? Why?
“War does not determine who is right, war determines who is left.”
~Confucius
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TrenchFoot
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TrenchMouth
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Rats
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• Weapons used: – Poison Gases - Chlorine and mustard gas
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– Artillery – large caliber weapons like cannons
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– U-boat
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– Aircraft & the Zeppelin
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– Tanks
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– Flamethrower
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• Civilians became targets
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• Women began working at jobs the men did before the war
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• Austria-Hungary defeated Serbia
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1916 – Year of Attrition
• Each side tried to wear the other out• Battle of Verdun – 10 month battle (longest!);
resulted in stalemate, heavy losses
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• Battle of the Somme – German victory, huge British and French casualties
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• Russia launches attacks into Germany
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1917 – Europe’s year of Trial
• Food rationing and “meatless days” on the home front
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• Russian Revolution causes Russia to drop out of the war
Lenin
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• U.S. enters war on side of the Allies– Sinking of the Lusitania (1915)
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– Intercepted German telegraph message to Mexico encouraging them to attack US
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1918 – Triumph of the Allies
• Germany ran out of troops• The Central Powers collapsed
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• Armistices signed…last one to sign was Germany on November 11th, 1918
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