The Great Indian Scientists
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The Great Indian Scientists
Pranabjyoti Das
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Sunday, April 9, 2023
Aryabhatta-IEarth’s Rotational
Time• At age of 23, he noted down
the observations and calculations for a
mathematical system to figure out the working of
universe
• In his book, stated Earth was Spherical in shape, rotate on
its axis and like other planets, revolve around sun in
elliptical orbit.
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Sunday, April 9, 2023
• This happened 1500 year and 2000 year before Copernicus and Galileo.
• He also calculated that the Earth takes 23 hours 56 minutes and 4.01 sec to complete one rotation.
• Modern value of this is 23:56:4.091 And he also gave Zero
Aryabhatta-I
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Sunday, April 9, 2023
Bhrama GuptaRules for Zero
• Bhramahupta gave zero its exalted status as a number in mathematics.
• He framed rules of operations
• In his book, Bhramasphuta Siddhanta, he explained addition or
subtraction of zero
• To any quantity leaves it unchanged. Product of any quantity with zero
leaves zero and division of any quantity by zero is infinity
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Sunday, April 9, 2023
Bhrama GuptaHe gave four methods
of multiplication.
He gave the following formula used in GP
seriesa + ar + ar2 + ar3 +
----
Area of cyclic quadrilateral with
sides a, b, c , d = √(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)(s-d) where 2s = a+b+c+d
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Sunday, April 9, 2023
Nagarjuna-IDiscovery of alloys
• Discovered process of alloying in 2nd BC.
• His book Rasarathnakara, retains notes on process of extraction of silver, tin and copper from their
ores and their purification.
• Also mentioned process of distillation, sublimation, calcination
and coloring of metals.
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Sunday, April 9, 2023
Maharshi KanadaAtomic Theory
• Stated that, Everything in this world is made up of pramanu [atom], the real entities which are obtained when a matter is divided and subdivided until further division is not possible.
• It believed that kanada was the earliest proponent of atomic concept in universe and it was Just 2500 years before John Dalton.
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Sunday, April 9, 2023
BaudhayanaPythagoras Theorem
• He said that “The areas of a squares produced separately by the lengths of the breadth of a rectangle together equal the
area of the square produced by the diagonal.
• Sounds Familiar ? Eventually today known as Pythagoras theorem.
• Seidenberg (1983) argued that "Old Babylonia got the theorem
of Pythagoras from India”
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Sunday, April 9, 2023
VaharamihiraSky Mapping
• . He put forward that we would notice that sky is slowly shifting backward with each progressing
a year.
• He was the first one to mention shifting of equinox is 50.32 sec.
which remain unchanged till today.
• This help us chart and navigate skies at night or day, learn
about our horoscope for years and keep track of our favorite
constellations
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Sunday, April 9, 2023
Bhaskara-IIGravity
• He was first to conceive and write on the notion of gravity and effort of
its force
• In his book, Surya Sidhanta, he mentioned : objects fall on earth due to a force of attraction by the
earth. Therefore, the earth. Planets, Constellations, moon and sun are held in orbit due to this attraction
• This happened 500 years before the famous apple fell on Sir Isaac
Newton’s head.
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Sunday, April 9, 2023
Gravity• He was first to conceive and write on the notion of
gravity and effort of its force
• This happened 500 years before the famous apple
fell on Sir Isaac Newton’s head.
• In his book, Surya Sidhanta, he mentioned :
objects fall on earth due to a force of attraction by the earth. Therefore, the earth.
Planets, Constellations, moon and sun are held in
orbit due to this attraction
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Sunday, April 9, 2023
SushrutaPlastic Surgery
• 2600 years ago, Sushruta along with his collegues repaired the disfigured nose with a flap of skin fro forehead, a practice
almost unchanged to this day.
• In his book, Sushruta Samhita, he descibes over 120 surgical
instruments, 300 surgery procedures and classifies human surgery in eight
categories.
• Don’t worry about pain, local anesthesia was given in form of
medicated wine.
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Sunday, April 9, 2023
“Proud to be an Indian”
Thank You !