The Gilded Age and Progressivism

•An age of vast riches and poverty, corruption and the power of American businessmen•Horizontal Integration (monopoly)- One company

owns an entire industry: Standard Oil, Microsoft•Vertical Integration- All of the suppliers for the

production of a product are owned by a single company: Ford owns steel, glass, rubber, and electronics companies.•Small companies are easily put out of business.

The Gilded Age and Progressivism

•Political corruption involved graft and bribery, vote fraud, vote theft, and dead voters.

•Patronage- government job holders who helped get those who gave them their jobs re-

elected to office.•People who opposed the incumbent (guy in office) would be bullied and threatened, their supporters were often arrested by crooked cops on election day and released after the polls closed.

The Gilded Age and Progressivism

•Populism- the political reaction of rural America against the money and control of urban

America in the US government.•The Grange- farm-based political movement to fight big business’ control of government policies.•William Jennings Bryan- spoke out for farm interests•The Wizard of Oz reflected Populist values

1. What kind of business integration is called a monopoly?

2. Name for the reformers that existed around the year 1900.

3. Immigrant island that had more immigrants.

4. Politically connected workers.

5. A form of government corruption.

6. Type of immigrants that came before the Civil War.

7. Political movement for farmers.

Horizontal Vertical Boodle UnionProgressivePopulism Patronage Ellis Angel Old New

The Gilded Age andThe Gilded Age and ProgressivismProgressivism

Progressivism wanted to end abuses in Progressivism wanted to end abuses in business, politics, and immigration and business, politics, and immigration and promote a better society. promote a better society. Targets for Progressivism were women’s Targets for Progressivism were women’s rights, safer work places, public education rights, safer work places, public education and child labor, a balanced business and child labor, a balanced business environment and honest governmentenvironment and honest governmentTR called progressive writers who exposed TR called progressive writers who exposed society’s problems society’s problems Muckrakers, Muckrakers, a new kind a new kind of investigative reporter.of investigative reporter.

The Gilded Age and ProgressivismThe Gilded Age and Progressivism

Florence Kelly-Florence Kelly- a progressive activist who a progressive activist who spoke out spoke out against child labor.against child labor.

The Gilded Age and The Gilded Age and ProgressivismProgressivism

ProgressivismProgressivismA social and political movement to improve life in A social and political movement to improve life in the United States.the United States.Led by MIDDLE CLASS reformers, people like Led by MIDDLE CLASS reformers, people like teachers, doctors, lawyers, social workers and teachers, doctors, lawyers, social workers and writers.writers.Urged private citizens to show more social Urged private citizens to show more social responsibility.responsibility.Focused on urban problems, such as the plight of Focused on urban problems, such as the plight of workers, poor sanitation, abuses in business, and workers, poor sanitation, abuses in business, and corrupt politics.corrupt politics.Wanted greater control of government, election Wanted greater control of government, election reforms, and a better response to the will of the reforms, and a better response to the will of the voters, similar to the Populists.voters, similar to the Populists.Used Used MuckrakersMuckrakers, investigative journalists, to , investigative journalists, to expose unfair, corrupt, and dangerous social expose unfair, corrupt, and dangerous social conditions.conditions.

The Gilded Age and Progressivism Progressivism

•Lincoln Steffens – exposed political corruption. •Ida Tarbell – exposed Standard Oil’s unfair business practices.•Theodore Dreiser – wrote about brutal working conditions in his novel, Sister Carrie.•Upton Sinclair- wrote about unsafe food and dangerous working conditions in his novel, The Jungle.•Jane Addams – founder of Hull House, wanted to improve the lives of immigrants and the poor.

•Daniel Burnham – involved in the City Beautiful movement, to create modern, clean cities.

•Theodore Roosevelt- wanted better race relations and improved fair business opportunities.

Progressive GoalsPolitical RightsElection Reform

Direct Election of Senators by the people

Big BusinessLimiting MonopoliesEight-Hour DayMinimum WageSafer Working ConditionsChild Labor Restrictions

Social JusticeLess Poverty

Application of Science and Technology to solve social problems