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Transcript of The Future of NEXRAD 2nd Workshop on NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology July 10-12, 2007 Mike...
The Future of NEXRADThe Future of NEXRAD2nd Workshop on
NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology
July 10-12, 2007July 10-12, 2007
Mike IstokNPI Development Manager
NWS – Office of Science and [email protected]
Slide 22nd Workshop on NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology (July 2007): The Future of NEXRAD
Overview
• NEXRAD Product Improvement Progress and Plans
• Current Projects– TDWR
– Super Resolution
– Dual Polarization
• Schedules: WSR-88D 9-12, SPG 2-3, AWIPS 8-9 & II
• Common Operations and Development Environment
• Priorities: Radar Data Capability Enhancements
• Summary
Slide 32nd Workshop on NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology (July 2007): The Future of NEXRAD
NPI: Progresss and Plans
High Resolution (8bit) ReflectivityHigh Resolution (8bit) VelocityLAN-LAN ORPG-AWIPSSuper Ob for NCEPRainfall Bias TableREC Clutter LikelihoodUser Selectable Layer ReflectivityHodograph From VWPRainfall Bias Table Phase 2High Resolution Storm Relative VelocityHigh Resolution Storm Relative Velocity Phase 2Improved Error ReportingEnhanced High Resolution VILDigital Storm Total PrecipitationLegacy Meso Rapid UpdatePrecipitation Rate/Accumulation for New VCPsEnhanced High Resolution Echo TopsHodograph From VWP Phase 2Product Removal: Mesocyclone Detection Algorithm Phase 1PPS EPRE for New VCPs and new blockage fileAWIPS/RPG Class 2 Dial ReplacementLevel II Central CollectionNew VCPs: 4.2 min, new elevation angles, MPDATornado Rapid UpdateMesocyclone Detection Algorithm(MDA) Phase 2Compress 8bit products (Z, V, DHR) B 6Class 2 user access to any product in database B 7 N/AIncrease WAN OTR Flow Control B 7 N/AExpand RPS list size B 7 OB 5
AWIPSB 5.2.1
OB 3
OB 1OB 1
OB 1OB 1
OB 3
B 5.2.2OB 1
B 5.2.1B 5.2.1B 5.2.2
OB 3
OB 2N/A
OB 4
OB 4
OB 2OB 3OB 3
OB 2
NEXRADB 1.1B 1.1B 1.1B 2B 2B 2B 3B 3B 3N/A
N/A
B 3B 3
B 4
B 4
B 3
N/A
B 4B 4
B 5
B 5B 6
B 5
B 5
B 5
N/A
B 5N/AOB 3N/AOB 3
OB4&4.2
No Work Expected
Deployed
Under Formal Test
Target Is Next Build
Future Work
J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N DBuild 8
SPG 1
CY 2002 CY 2003 CY 2004 CY 2005
5.2.1Build 4 Build 6Build 5Build 2Build 1.1
SPG 1 iOB3OB25.2.2 OB1
CY 2006
OB7.1Build 7OB5 OB6OB4 OB4.2
Build 3
J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D
SPG 3
Build 9 Build 10OB7.2 OB8.2 OB8.3 OB9
CY 2008 CY 2009 CY 2010
Build 11
CY 2007
OB8.1 AWIPS2SPG 2
Add dedicated WAN port and 2 OTR ports B 8 OB 6 WAN Aggregate Flow Control B 8 N/ATDWR Base Reflectivity, Velocity, Spectrum WidthSnow AccumulationSCIT filterLevel III Status ProductAdd products to default generation list B 8Plan view display of VWPAll Tilts ImprovementsR/V Ambiguity Mitigation (SZ-2)MDA Phase 3(alerting, CR, RCM, Low Core 20km SCIT)Gererate products for non-associated user requests B 9 OB 7.2Environmental Data Ingest (RUC) B 9 OB 7.2Machine Intelligent Gust Front Algorithm: MIGFA Phase IIncrease frame relay link speed to DOD and FAA RPGs B 9? N/AAdd products to TDWR SPG (VWP, ULR, dealiasing) OB 7.2Add products to TDWR SPG (SCIT, MDA, TVS, PPS) OB 8.2Super-resolution 88D base productsMDA Phase 4(remove legacy M and MRU)Environmental Data Ingest (GFS) B 11Dual PolarizationORDA Moment Variance ReductionARSR-4, ASR-11, Canada Radar
OB?
OB 7.1N/AN/A OB 7.1
N/A SPG3
B 11? N/A
OB 8.3
AWIPS
N/A
OB 7.1SPG 1
? SPG
SPG2
SPGNEXRAD
N/A
B 9
B 6
B 11
B 8B 8
B 10
OB 5
OB 6N/A
?
OB 7.1B 9
B 12?
B 9
N/AN/A
OB 8.2
N/A
OB 7.1
Slide 42nd Workshop on NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology (July 2007): The Future of NEXRAD
BostonBoston
DCDCPhillyPhilly
Pittsburgh
RaleighRaleigh
CharlotteCharlotte
AtlantaAtlanta
MelbourneMelbourne
MiamiMiamiTampaTampa
HoustonFt. Worth
Phoenix
Las Vegas
Salt Lake City
Denver
Minneapolis
OKC
Tulsa
Wichita
KCSt. Louis
MilwaukeeMilwaukee
Chicago
DetroitDetroit
Indy
MemphisNashville
LouisvilleWilmington
ClevelandCleveland
NYCNYC
San JuanSan Juan
New OrleansNew Orleans
TDWR Sites/ WFO SPG StatusJuly 18, 2006
1 TDWR/WFO2 TDWRs/WFO3 TDWRs/WFO4 TDWRs/WFODeployed SPG Bld1Central SPG Sites
Association Key
Slide 52nd Workshop on NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology (July 2007): The Future of NEXRAD
SPG Functional Capabilities Build 1 Build 2 Build 3+Class 1 Users: Dedicated LAN (1Mbps) & Remote via WAN (64Kbps) LAN Yes LAN&WAN Yes no changeClass 2 Users: One-Time Request Y, support only Y, ops like 88D no changeClass 2 OTR Ports and Flow Control [email protected] each 4@64kbps aggr.Local Base Data Logging 3 day, default on 7 day, default on no changeBZIP2 Compression of 8bit Products No Yes no changeZ:Long Range Scan Base Reflectivity Product (16 & 256 levels) 150nmi/600m 225nmi/300m no changeZ:Short Range Base Reflectivity Products (16 & 256 levels) 48nmi/300m 48nmi/150m no changeV:Base Velocity Products (16 & 256 levels) 48nmi/150m no change no changeV:Velocity Mode Interval 1m/s 0.5m/s or 1m/s no changeV:Velocity Dealiasing TDWR 88D or TDWR +RUC EWTSW:Spectrum Width Base Products (8 levels) 48nmi/150m no change no changeVAD:Velocity-Azimuth-Display Product No Yes no changeVWP:VAD Wind Profile Product No Yes no changeULR:User Layer Reflectivity (CAPPI) Product No Yes no changeASP: Radar Status Log Product No Yes no changeMD, DMD: Mesocyclone Detection Algorithm Products No No YesSCIT, HI: Storm Cell and Identification Algorithm Products No No YesTVS: Tornado Vortex Algorithm Product No No YesCZ:Composite Reflectivity Product No No YesVIL:Vertically Integrated Liquid Product No No YesET: Echo Tops Product No No YesDHR, HSR, OHP, THP, STP, DPA: Precipitation Accumulation Products No No Yes
AWIPS Functional Capabilities OB6 OB7.2 OB8.2Products Accessible via RPS, dedicated OTR, and WAN OTR Z, V, SW +VWP,VAD,ULR +DMD,etc.Products Displayable in D2D as just another radar Yes no change no changeProduct Tools in D2D as just another radar (8bit SRM, All Tilts, Vr Shear) Yes no change no changeTemporal Resolution: 1 minute surface scans Yes no change no changeSpatial Resolution: 150m range bins Yes no change no changeIncluded on State/Regional Scale Mosaic Long Range Z +VWP +CZ, VILWeather Event Simulator (WES) Yes no change no changeWDTB Training Module Yes no change no change
Slide 62nd Workshop on NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology (July 2007): The Future of NEXRAD
Slide 72nd Workshop on NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology (July 2007): The Future of NEXRAD
WSR-88D Super Resolution
• New 8bit Base Products for Reflectivity, Velocity, and Spectrum Width– Initially, just on split cuts (lowest 2 or 3 elevations)– ½ degree radials– ¼ km range bins– Doppler Velocity and Spectrum Width to 300km
• Future Plans– Signal processing techniques to reduce variance
– Over-sampling– Whitening
– Algorithm tuning– Mesocyclone– TVS– Precipitation
Slide 82nd Workshop on NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology (July 2007): The Future of NEXRAD
Slide 92nd Workshop on NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology (July 2007): The Future of NEXRAD
Slide 102nd Workshop on NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology (July 2007): The Future of NEXRAD
Slide 112nd Workshop on NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology (July 2007): The Future of NEXRAD
Slide 122nd Workshop on NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology (July 2007): The Future of NEXRAD
Slide 132nd Workshop on NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology (July 2007): The Future of NEXRAD
Slide 142nd Workshop on NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology (July 2007): The Future of NEXRAD
WSR-88D Dual Polarization
• Base data products– Differential Reflectivity (ZDR)
– Correlation Coefficient (RHOhv)
• Derived products– Specific Differential Phase (KDP)
– Melting Layer Algorithm (MLDA)– Hydrometeor Classification Algorithm (HCA)
– Discriminate hail, rain, snow, biological targets, and clutter
– Rainfall accumulation algorithm (QPE)– Based on a combination of polarimetric parameters KDP and
ZDR, and the current linear horizontal reflectivity parameter Z
Slide 152nd Workshop on NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology (July 2007): The Future of NEXRAD
Mel
ting
Laye
r
Dig
ital I
nst.
Pre
cip
Rat
e (in
/hr)
Inst
. Pre
cip
Rat
e E
lev
One
Hou
r A
ccum
Dig
. One
-Hou
r A
ccum
Sto
rm T
otal
Acc
um
Dig
. Sto
rm T
otal
A
ccum
Dig
ital U
ser-
Sel
ecta
ble
Acc
um
Dig
. One
-Hou
r D
iffer
ence
Acc
um
Dig
. Sto
rm T
otal
D
iffer
ence
Acc
um
Sup
plem
Dat
a
R DZD ZDR DCC CC DKD KDP DHC HC ML DPR PRE OHA DOA STA DSA DUA DOD DSD
# 159 158 161 160 163 162 165 164 166 176 169 170 171 172 173 174 175
A ML DPR PRE OHA DOA DUA DOD DSD
Raw as rcvd from RDA Y/N N N N N
Preprocessor Output Y/N Y Y Y Y Y Y
RPG ICD Packet Code 16 af1f 16 af1f 16 af1f 16 af1f e03,802 28 af1f 16 af1f 16 16 16 16
QPE Clock vs Running R R R R R R hhmm or R R R
Number of Data Levels 256 16 256 16 256 16 20 12 4 65536 256 16 256 16 256 256 256 256 n/a
SRLR 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 n/a
SRLR 250 250 2000 250 2000 250 250 250 250 n/a
SR rda/rc rda/rc
LR none none
Compression Method BZ2 rle BZ2 rle BZ2 rle BZ2 rle BZ2 BZ2 rle BZ2 rle BZ2 BZ2 BZ2 BZ2 n/a
Max Range km 300 230 300 230 300 230 300 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 n/a
Generation Frequency E/V Elev Vol Elev Vol Vol Vol Vol Vol or hhmm Vol Vol Vol
Grid Type x,y
Data Value Scale type linear
Min & Max (precision) Data Values
-7.9,7.9 (.0625)
-4,6 (.25-3)
0.2,1.05 (.00333)
0.2,1.05 (.01-.25)
-2,I0 (.05)
-2,7 (.25-3)
0.0,65.535 (0.001)
min 93 93 93 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
max 337 337 337 6 663 663 21 331 28 339 331 331 331
avg 236 236 236 663 663 21 331 28 339 331 331 331
min 21 9 21 9 21 9 0.1
6 265.2 265.2 8.4 132.4 11.2 135.6 132.4 132.4 132.4
avg 86 16 86 16 86 16
RPS max Mb/hr per site max 9.95 39.78 0.32 4.97 0.42 5.09 9.93 n/a n/a
RPS List precip mode 14 4 14 4 14 4 14 4 1 4 1 1 1 1 2 n n
RPS List clear-air mode 1 4 1 1 1 1 2 n n
OTR dedicated Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
OTR distant Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
RMR distant Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Multicast (4 or < 3.6deg) 4 4 4 4 Y Y Y Y Y Y N N Y
SBN 4 4 4 4 Y Y Y Y Y Y N N Y
NCDC Archive 4 4 4 4 Y Y Y Y Y Y N N Y
250
1
152 23
Mode9 use4th
same as xmit
1
Polar
1
Classeslike PPS
DSP
like PPS DSP
like PPS OHP
like PPS STP
like PPS DSP
same as xmit
152 23 152 23
same as xmit
Technical Requirements for WSR-88D Dual Polarization
Products rev8 7June2007-mi
Pro
duct
Acc
ess
Pro
duct
Cha
ract
eris
tics
Product Transmission Size (Kilo bytes) during Widespread Svr Wx
Product Storage Size (Kilo bytes) Uncompressed
Siz
ing
Product Mnemonic (RPG and AWIPS) and Message Code (#)
Res Reduction Method
max
Azm Resolution (deg) on super & legacy res cuts
1000250 250Rng Resolution (m) on super & legacy res cuts
1000
1
Cor
rela
tion
Coe
ffici
ent
Hyd
rom
eteo
r C
lass
ifica
tion
HCA
Final
Spe
cific
Diff
eren
tial
Pha
se (
deg/
km)
Accepted
DP Base Products
Diff
eren
tial R
efle
ctiv
ity
(db)
Good
linear aka DSP w/ +/-
Poor Unknown
Quantitative Precip Est(QPE)
STA
aka DSP w/ +/-
Moderate
250
HC
Degree of Agreement
Polar
Elev
Polar
11 11
1000
ZDR CC KDP
Elev Elev
1
250 1000
Polar
linear
Elev
Polar
linear
Slide 162nd Workshop on NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology (July 2007): The Future of NEXRAD
Supercell Thunderstorm Producing Softball-Size Hail
Slide 172nd Workshop on NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology (July 2007): The Future of NEXRAD
Schedules: WSR-88D 9-12, SPG 2-3, AWIPS 8-9 & II Build 10+, OB9+, SPG 3+ dates are tentative
7/5/2007 mjiAWIPS as of 7/5/07 J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D
OB8.1 (svr 6/29) SwIT Deploy
Repair Release Repair 8.1
OB8.2 (svr 12/14) Design, Code, Test SwIT Deploy
Repair Release Repair 8.2
OB8.3 (svr 5/30) Design, Code, Test SwIT Deploy
Repair Release Repair 8.3
OB9 (svr 1/9) Design, Code, Test SwIT Deploy
AWIPS II Baseline Application Migration (TO 8,9,10,11) OT&E Deploy
WSR-88D as of 7/5/07
Build 9 - RPG Refresh 9
Build 10 - Super-Res 10
Build 11 - Dual Pol arb ed ca sr v2 11
Build 12 12 sr 12
SPG Build 2 2
SPG Build 3 3
AWIPS OB'sDev and Test Phases Test
Radar Build's
AW
IPS
WS
R-8
8DS
PG
2009 2010
beta
integration system ops beta
SyAtSwITDesign, Code, Test
InstallRequirements Design Development Integration
2007 2008
Slide 182nd Workshop on NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology (July 2007): The Future of NEXRAD
WSR-88D Common Operations and Development Environment (CODE)
• An algorithm development environment for the WSR-88D • Contains software and guidance to create the development
environment on an Intel PC running Linux Red Hat Enterprise Workstation 4 (also, Enterprise 3 for Public CODE)– Provides a 'clone' of a WSR-88D Radar Product Generator on a
workstation which can run existing and user-created algorithms by ingesting WSR-88D Level 2 data
– Also used to study past weather events by ingesting Level 2 data obtained from NCDC and creating products for analysis
• Includes visualization tools, data sets, documentation, and the operational RPG baseline source code
• Developed and maintained by the NWS OS&T• Updated with each new WSR-88D RPG software release• Used by groups that implement software for future RPG
releases, technique developers, and researchers• A Public Edition is available at http://weather.gov/code88d/
Slide 192nd Workshop on NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology (July 2007): The Future of NEXRAD
Priorities: Radar Data Capability Enhancementsdone, build testing, under development, possible, unlikely
• All Tilts Frame Expansion(1.8)*• Super-Resolution
– Base Z, V, W Products(1.8)– MDA(2.0), TVS(2.8), PPS(2.8)
• Dual Polarization– Base Data products(2.0)– HCA(2.0),QPE(2.0)
• NSSL/FSI 4D Radar (2.3)* • Plan View Display of VWP (2.5)*• All Tilts Navigation Tool (2.5)*• Estimated Actual Velocity (3.3)*• Data Quality
– SZ-2, SZ-1, Staggered-PRT, Oversampling, Whitening (3.2)
– Lower Elevation angles(3.2)– New VCPs(3.4) – 300 km Doppler Range(4.3)
• MDA: Alerting, CR, RCM (3.3)• SPG(TDWR) Products
– VWP(4.8), Velocity Dealiasing (3.8)– VIL(6.0)– MDA(4.0), TVS(3.8), SCIT(5.3)– PPS(5.3)– CR(6.3), ULR(6.3)
• Integ. Radar/Enviro. Sampling(4.0)*• MIGFA RPG / AWIPS Display (3.8) • Enviro. Data From AWIPS (4.3)• Prototype Radars/Products (4.3)• Freezing Level ULR Request (4.3)*• Moving Point Meteogram (4.3)*• Hail Tracks (4.3)• ASR-11 (4.5)• TVS Tracking (4.8)• DVL at a higher scale (5.0)• CANRAD (5.0)• ARSR-4 (5.0)• Rotation Tracks (5.5)• SCIT Rapid Update (5.8)• Probabilistic Precip. Est. (5.8)• VWP Improvements (6.0)• VWP Wind Averaging/Stepping (6.3)*• Uniform Winds Algo. (7.0)• 4km EET (8.3)
* - AWIPS only
Slide 202nd Workshop on NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology (July 2007): The Future of NEXRAD
Summary
• Priorities determined with field input– 1. Dual Polarization– 2. Super Resolution– 3. SPG products using TDWR data– 4. Whatever else can be done with remaining resources
• OSIP ensures conops, requirements and business case developed to support implementation
• Resource profiles limit quantity of change• AWIPS & NEXRAD SRECs determine release content • Longer time between major releases lengthens time to
deployment and complicates integration• Prototype, test, and demo platforms representative of the
intended operational environment can foster design refinement and reduce the risk of deploying defects
• User input and feedback is critical
Slide 212nd Workshop on NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology (July 2007): The Future of NEXRAD
Backup Slides
Slide 222nd Workshop on NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology (July 2007): The Future of NEXRAD
NWS Weather Radar Science Evolution Vision
• Continuing investment in the scientific utilization of weather radar data is critical to the fullest realization of the potential operational benefits of investments in hardware and systems.
• Improvements in scientific uses of weather radar data can be expected indefinitely, as each innovation triggers ideas for new approaches, and as synergisms in the use of radar data with other environmental data are explored.
Slide 232nd Workshop on NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology (July 2007): The Future of NEXRAD
NWS Weather Radar Science Evolution Concept
• Programmatic/Budget Structure– NEXRAD is not equivalent to ‘just the WSR-88D’
– NEXRAD is a Program covering O&M of installed capabilities, and acquisition of significant new capabilities
– The initial WSR-88D acquisition was the first NEXRAD project– NEXRAD Product Improvement is a sub-set of NEXRAD with a focus
on acquisition of new technology and science– ORPG, ORDA and Dual Polarization are recent NPI WSR-88D projects– FAA Data Utilization is a current NPI non-WSR-88D project– Science Evolution is an on-going NPI project to improve the benefit of
installed weather radar technology for operational missions– Future, potential, radar technology acquisitions (e.g., PAR, CASA-like
X-band) would be managed under the NPI Program
– NEXRAD and NPI are well-known elements of the DOC/NOAA/NWS budget submissions for both O&M and acquisitions
Slide 242nd Workshop on NWS Severe Weather Warning Technology (July 2007): The Future of NEXRAD
2524232221201918171615141312111009080706
B1
E1,2,3,4
Fiscal Year
B3
R&DAcquisition /Deploy.
A5
MPAR
WSR-88D
B4
A2,3A1
Targets of Opportunity
D1,2D3
SWR
B2
MPAR No Go
C1 C2 C3
SWR No Go
A4
FY?
?1
FY?
ADI
Enabling Technologies
Surveillance Radars
Adaptive DataIntegration
(ADI)
RadarPartnerships
Diverse, Short Wavelength
Gap-Filling Radars (SWR)
NWS Weather Radar Science Evolution PlanPlanned & Potential Radar Systems(NWS-OAR Joint Radar Planning Team)
FAA, TV, Canada