The French RevolutionPart Deux

The Aftermath:

“Revolution Brings Reform and Terror”

Where we were:

• National Assembly Established

• Storming of the Bastille

• Great Fear

The National assembly Takes Control

• 1st Major Reform: State Controlled Church • Church Officials/Priests to be elected

• Led to decrease in power • How?

• Sale of Church Lands pay off debts

• Peasants are scared • Grown up as devout Catholics

• 1st decrease in church power

The National assembly Takes Control

• 2nd Major Reform: Constitutional Changes • Limited Monarchy Created • Legislative Assembly Created

• King Still holds executive powers

• Create laws

• Approve declarations of war

The Factions!!!!!!!!!

• Radicals • Left Side • No Monarchy

• Moderates

• Center

• Some changes

• Conservatives

• Right Side

• Limited Monarchy/Few Changes

Where did most of the 3rd estate fall?

Factions outside government

• Sans-Culottes • “those without knee breeches” • Greater Changes! • Small Shopkeepers

• Émigrés

• Nobles who had left France • Restore Old Regimes

Insecurities => War

• French Radicals wanted to spread their revolution across globe\

• Austria and Prussia wanted Louis in charge • Threatened war if Monarchy hurt

• So, of course, Radicals took Louis, Marie & Family 8/10/1792

• September Massacres • People Panic—attack prisoners before they can

France Has a Martyr in Jean-Paul Marat

Insecurities => Lawlessness

• National Convention not sure what to do • Took control after Legislative Assembly dissolves • Abolishes monarchy • France = Republic

• Adult Male citizens can vote/hold office.

The Jacobins

• Remember the Rebels / Marat who commit September Massacres? • They take control. • Tried Louis for Treason

• 1/21/1793

• By Guillotine

The Wars continue

• France Defeats Austria/Prussia! • …until Britain, Holland, and Spain Join in • Jacobins Draft 300k people to fight—do not want to give up! 1793

• 1794: 800,000 French in Army

The Reign of Terror

• Emergency government started by Jacobins • Find spies against the Revolution • Only “citizen” • Fight Wars • GUILLOTINE!!!!!!!!!!!!!

• Any Social Commentary goes against Revolution • No common calendar

• Really a problem for foreign relations

Committee of Public Safety

• Jabobin Enforcement squad • Punishes people for going against revolution • Censorship • 40,000 people executed: 85% Peasants/Middle Class

• Maximillian Robespierre in control • Wanted “Republic of Virtue”

• TERROR ON TERROR!!

• Must actively be involved—destroy enemy

• Great Terror Takes it too Far

Ending Terror: Round 1

• National Convention turns on Robespierre • Scared for their own lives!

• 1795, new government • Upper-Middle Class in charge • 2 house legislature • The Directory

• 5 Men Executive Body

• Moderate (but still corrupt, of course)

Attitudes&actionsofmonarchy&court

Fearof Counter-Revolution

Religious divisions

Political divisionsWar

EconomicCrises

The Causes of Instability in France

1792 - 1795