The following slides are excerpted from a The following slides are excerpted from a keynote presentation regarding school keynote presentation regarding school

shootings at Silver Lake College’sshootings at Silver Lake College’s (Wisconsin)(Wisconsin) “Spring Tonic” Conference“Spring Tonic” Conference (3/31/07).(3/31/07).

Many slides, presenter notes, & slide animation have been removed.Many slides, presenter notes, & slide animation have been removed.

Presenter and Slide Show Developer:Presenter and Slide Show Developer:Tom McIntyre, Ph.D.Tom McIntyre, Ph.D.

Professor & CoordinatorProfessor & Coordinator of the Graduate Program in Behavior Disordersof the Graduate Program in Behavior Disorders

Dept. Special EducationDept. Special EducationHunter CollegeHunter College

695 Park Avenue695 Park AvenueNew York, NY 10021New York, NY 10021

Thomas.mcintyre@hunter.cuny.eduThomas.mcintyre@hunter.cuny.eduwww.BehaviorAdvisor.comwww.BehaviorAdvisor.com

GeneralPublic

Other EducatorsOther Educators

WisconsinWisconsinEducatorsEducators

Know someone inKnow someone in the school communitythe school community

School communitySchool community

WitnessWitness

Levels of ConnectionLevels of Connection

T-F:T-F: School attacks are increasing School attacks are increasingin number and ferocityin number and ferocity..

• School violence School violence (murder, robbery, rape, assault) (murder, robbery, rape, assault) decreased during the 1990decreased during the 1990s.s. (Defoe, et. al. 2002)(Defoe, et. al. 2002)

• Violent crime in schools is now ½ of the 1994 rates.Violent crime in schools is now ½ of the 1994 rates.• School Crime is now equivalent to 1980 rates.School Crime is now equivalent to 1980 rates.

(Snyder, 2004).(Snyder, 2004).

• Given domestic violence rates, students are safer in Given domestic violence rates, students are safer in school than at home.school than at home. (Cornell, 2006). (Cornell, 2006).

• 12-20 deaths per year since 2000 in school violence12-20 deaths per year since 2000 in school violence• 30 deaths per year30 deaths per year (average)(average) in the 1990in the 1990ss

• An educator can expect a shooting at his/her An educator can expect a shooting at his/her school school once every 12,804 yearsonce every 12,804 years.. (National (National School Safety Council, 2002)School Safety Council, 2002)

T-F:T-F: Forget the rates, it’s the randomness and Forget the rates, it’s the randomness and unpredictability of the acts that are scary. Rarely unpredictability of the acts that are scary. Rarely does someone know that a school attack is about does someone know that a school attack is about

to occurto occur..• In Bethel, AK, a crowd of students gathered in the library In Bethel, AK, a crowd of students gathered in the library

to watch another carry out his threat to kill himself. to watch another carry out his threat to kill himself. When the event was over, one adult and one student When the event was over, one adult and one student (not (not the shooter)the shooter) were dead. were dead.

• In Cazenovia, WI, Erik Hainstock told a friend that the In Cazenovia, WI, Erik Hainstock told a friend that the principal would notprincipal would not “Make it through homecoming.” “Make it through homecoming.”

• "I think some kids might have known what was going on,""I think some kids might have known what was going on," he he said.said. "I'd heard things up at school. There were a lot of "I'd heard things up at school. There were a lot of rumors.“rumors.“

James Nowak, Eric Hainstock’s special education James Nowak, Eric Hainstock’s special education teacherteacher As reported in the As reported in the Wisconsin State JournalWisconsin State Journal 3/18/073/18/07

• In Green Bay, WI, a student prevented an imminent In Green Bay, WI, a student prevented an imminent attack by telling school officialsattack by telling school officials..

They’re They’re EvilEvil

• Whether we believe that human beings are Whether we believe that human beings are “born evil”, “born good”, or “tabla rosa”, “born evil”, “born good”, or “tabla rosa”, we then become products of our environment.we then become products of our environment.

• The home life of shooters is The home life of shooters is invariablyinvariably disordered: disordered: All All shooters.shooters.

He Was “He Was “CrazyCrazy””

From the 2002 USSS/USDOE report:From the 2002 USSS/USDOE report:

• 1/3 of attackers had been seen by a mental health 1/3 of attackers had been seen by a mental health professional.professional.

• 1/5 of attackers had been diagnosed with a 1/5 of attackers had been diagnosed with a psychological condition.psychological condition.

• Substance abuse was not prevalentSubstance abuse was not prevalent ..

• Previous to the event, shooters demonstrated a Previous to the event, shooters demonstrated a need for mental health assistance,need for mental health assistance, showing showing some history of:some history of:

– Extreme depression.Extreme depression.– Pronounced desperation, despondencyPronounced desperation, despondency

& loss of hope. & loss of hope.– Suicidal ideation and/or attemptsSuicidal ideation and/or attempts..

Excerpts from Excerpts from Wisconsin State JournalWisconsin State Journal 3/18/073/18/07

• Officials had been concerned about Hainstock since Officials had been concerned about Hainstock since preschool, interviews and documents revealed.preschool, interviews and documents revealed.

• In a criminal child abuse complaint against Shawn In a criminal child abuse complaint against Shawn Hainstock, Eric's father, filed five years ago, Sauk Hainstock, Eric's father, filed five years ago, Sauk County prosecutors said the boy County prosecutors said the boy "has a medical condition "has a medical condition affecting (his) behavior and that the child's family can no affecting (his) behavior and that the child's family can no longer afford the medication or counseling (he) needs for his longer afford the medication or counseling (he) needs for his condition."condition." As part of a deferred prosecution agreement, As part of a deferred prosecution agreement, Shawn Hainstock pleaded no contest to a lesser charge Shawn Hainstock pleaded no contest to a lesser charge of battery.of battery.

• Years ago, Nowak said, the boy's preschool teacher and Years ago, Nowak said, the boy's preschool teacher and a Reedsburg elementary school teacher had been a Reedsburg elementary school teacher had been worried about him. worried about him. "They had concerns way back then""They had concerns way back then" about drawings Hainstock made and other things, about drawings Hainstock made and other things, Nowak said.Nowak said.– Note:Note: James Nowak was Eric Hainstock’s special education teacher James Nowak was Eric Hainstock’s special education teacher..

T-F:T-F: Whatever the reason, these kids Whatever the reason, these kids

‘‘SnapSnap’.’. In the blink of an eye, they “In the blink of an eye, they “freak outfreak out””..

• ““Snapping” is rarely an impulsive & sudden actSnapping” is rarely an impulsive & sudden act• Typical:Typical:

– Idea formsIdea forms– Plan developsPlan develops– Plan changesPlan changes– Weapons located and procuredWeapons located and procured

• (Regarding school shootings)(Regarding school shootings) "People snap when their "People snap when their ability to cope is overwhelmed."ability to cope is overwhelmed." Dr. Robert Trestman, Dr. Robert Trestman, director of the Center for Correctional Mental Health Services director of the Center for Correctional Mental Health Services Research at the University of Connecticut Health CenterResearch at the University of Connecticut Health Center..

Where would a kid get a gunWhere would a kid get a gun??

• Nearly all had easy access to a gunNearly all had easy access to a gun– Most acquired them from their homesMost acquired them from their homes

• Cazenovia: Pried open the safe containing the Cazenovia: Pried open the safe containing the shotgun with a screw driver & used a key to open shotgun with a screw driver & used a key to open the father’s locked bedroom to obtain the hand the father’s locked bedroom to obtain the hand gun.gun.

• Nearly all had used them beforeNearly all had used them before..

• EquationEquation:: Exposure to violence Exposure to violence (real & media)(real & media)

++ being bullied being bullied

++ easy access to weapons easy access to weapons

==  Tragedy  Tragedy

Wisconsin State JournalWisconsin State Journal 3/18/073/18/07• He He (Eric Hainstock)(Eric Hainstock) told police he was also upset because told police he was also upset because

he felt teachers didn't stop students who harassed him, he felt teachers didn't stop students who harassed him, the complaint said.the complaint said.

• But Nowak But Nowak (Hainstock’s special education teacher)(Hainstock’s special education teacher) said the said the youth was unlikely to have been the butt of jokes. youth was unlikely to have been the butt of jokes. "He "He wasn't picked on,"wasn't picked on," he said. he said. "He was the one who would have "He was the one who would have picked on people."picked on people."

• The description of Hainstock as victimized is The description of Hainstock as victimized is "a total "a total joke,"joke," he said. he said. "We stand up for these kids "We stand up for these kids (special education (special education students)students) as much as possible. We are advocates for the kids. If as much as possible. We are advocates for the kids. If they are being picked on, we try to stop it.“they are being picked on, we try to stop it.“

• Schneider Schneider (classmate)(classmate) said that Hainstock got picked on a said that Hainstock got picked on a lot, but also picked on kids and would push and fight lot, but also picked on kids and would push and fight with other children.with other children.

• "Eric dished it out and went after other people,""Eric dished it out and went after other people," Schneider said.Schneider said.

**Identifiers written in Identifiers written in orangeorange and placed in and placed in (parentheses)(parentheses) were added by Tom McIntyre were added by Tom McIntyre

Everyone hates these shooters, so why Everyone hates these shooters, so why would any other kid emulate themwould any other kid emulate them??

• Many kids can identify with the feelings that led to the shootings.Many kids can identify with the feelings that led to the shootings.

• BERLIN:BERLIN: A German teen who stormed his former school with guns A German teen who stormed his former school with guns and bombs had venerated as "God" one of the gunmen in the 1999 and bombs had venerated as "God" one of the gunmen in the 1999 Columbine shooting in the U.S, according to excerpts from his diary Columbine shooting in the U.S, according to excerpts from his diary published Wednesday… published Wednesday… It is terrible how similar Eric It is terrible how similar Eric (Harris)(Harris) was to was to me. I am the further development" of Harris, Bosse said. "I have learned me. I am the further development" of Harris, Bosse said. "I have learned from his mistakes, the bombs.“ from his mistakes, the bombs.“ On the eve of the attack, he wrote that On the eve of the attack, he wrote that he hoped that other he hoped that other "outsiders""outsiders" would would "be like me: a Goddamn hero.""be like me: a Goddamn hero."

International Herald Tribune, 11/ 22/06International Herald Tribune, 11/ 22/06

• "You wanna know why there has only been three school shootings in "You wanna know why there has only been three school shootings in Quebec? It's because the people here don't have the balls to do it, as much as Quebec? It's because the people here don't have the balls to do it, as much as they want to ... as much as they plan it all ... make `hit lists' and just wish they want to ... as much as they plan it all ... make `hit lists' and just wish they had the guts that Eric and Dylan had ... you know ... the real victims of they had the guts that Eric and Dylan had ... you know ... the real victims of Columbine! They are looked up to by many bullied high school students ... Columbine! They are looked up to by many bullied high school students ... and many believe that the bullies got what they deserved on April 20th, 1999. and many believe that the bullies got what they deserved on April 20th, 1999. Kimveer will be greatly missed by the people who actually understood Kimveer will be greatly missed by the people who actually understood him ... the people who don't have their heads up their asses.“him ... the people who don't have their heads up their asses.“

Excerpt from Toronto Star article found at Excerpt from Toronto Star article found at http://www.thetrenchcoat.com/archiveshttp://www.thetrenchcoat.com/archives

(As presented in its 2002 summary report)(As presented in its 2002 summary report)

T-F:T-F: The U.S. Secret Service has The U.S. Secret Service has developed a fairly accurate profile for developed a fairly accurate profile for

identification of likely assailantsidentification of likely assailants..

• Studied 37 attacksStudied 37 attacks• Interviewed 10Interviewed 10• One characteristic applied to One characteristic applied to nearlynearly all shooters. all shooters.

It is…It is…??• GenderGender• Only one characteristic applies to 100% of Only one characteristic applies to 100% of

school shooters. It is…school shooters. It is…??• Disordered home life (not explained further)Disordered home life (not explained further)• Eric Hainstock’s father had child abuse reports Eric Hainstock’s father had child abuse reports

filed against himfiled against him..

BehaviorsBehaviors

• ““Rather than trying to determine the ‘Rather than trying to determine the ‘typetype’ of ’ of student who may engage in targeted school violence, student who may engage in targeted school violence, an inquiry should an inquiry should focus instead on a student’sfocus instead on a student’s behaviors and communicationsbehaviors and communications to determine if that to determine if that student appears to be planning or preparing for an student appears to be planning or preparing for an attackattack. Rather than asking whether a particular . Rather than asking whether a particular student ‘student ‘looks likelooks like’ those who have launched school-’ those who have launched school-based attacks before, it is more productive to ask based attacks before, it is more productive to ask whether the student is engaging in behaviors that whether the student is engaging in behaviors that suggest preparations for an attack, if so how fast the suggest preparations for an attack, if so how fast the student is moving toward attack, and where student is moving toward attack, and where intervention may be possible.”intervention may be possible.”

(USSS/USDOE (USSS/USDOE report, 2002)report, 2002)..

Pertinent Questions for Guiding Our Pertinent Questions for Guiding Our Prevention EffortsPrevention Efforts

• The 2002 report recommended against The 2002 report recommended against profiling.profiling.

• It recommended that teachers and parents ask:It recommended that teachers and parents ask:• What patterns of behavior might beWhat patterns of behavior might be

of concern? of concern?• Threats of imminent harm to othersThreats of imminent harm to others• The making of plans for attackThe making of plans for attack• The gathering of weaponsThe gathering of weapons

• What should someone do if s/he noticesWhat should someone do if s/he noticessuch behavior?such behavior?

• What should we do if such behaviorWhat should we do if such behavior

is reported?is reported?

Extending the Recommendations of Extending the Recommendations of the USSS/USDOE Reportthe USSS/USDOE Report

– The importance of reporting is emphasized to The importance of reporting is emphasized to students, as they are most likely to be aware.students, as they are most likely to be aware.

– A reporting system is set up, including an A reporting system is set up, including an anonymous tip line.anonymous tip line.

– A system for reacting to reports is developed.A system for reacting to reports is developed.

– Confidentiality of reporters maintained by trusted Confidentiality of reporters maintained by trusted educators known for being able to keep secrets.educators known for being able to keep secrets.

– Set up a network with students from different social Set up a network with students from different social groups who have their “groups who have their “ear to the groundear to the ground” with ” with regard to what is happening in the schoolregard to what is happening in the school..

– The success of our efforts depends on educators The success of our efforts depends on educators respecting and valuing respecting and valuing allall students. students.

– (More later on the importance & development of this part(More later on the importance & development of this part))..

Also recommended:Also recommended:

• Develop connections to the police and other Develop connections to the police and other first responders as well as mental health first responders as well as mental health departments and community groups.departments and community groups.

• Develop crisis plans that focus on Develop crisis plans that focus on preventionprevention and reactionand reaction..

• Respond promptly and efficiently to bullying, Respond promptly and efficiently to bullying, which is a motive behind the attacks.which is a motive behind the attacks. “Many “Many attackers felt bullied, persecuted or injured by others attackers felt bullied, persecuted or injured by others prior to the attack”prior to the attack” (USSS/USDOE, 2002)(USSS/USDOE, 2002) and said that and said that they had sought, without success, educator they had sought, without success, educator interventionintervention..

Does your school fit “the profile”?Does your school fit “the profile”?• While profiles are inaccurate in identifying kids at risk for While profiles are inaccurate in identifying kids at risk for

school assault, might they be more accurate for school school assault, might they be more accurate for school environments that are at risk?environments that are at risk?

• Some of the characteristics:Some of the characteristics:• -Bullying unaddressed -Bullying unaddressed (No comprehensive plan or training)(No comprehensive plan or training)

• -Absence of peer mediation or conflict resolution-Absence of peer mediation or conflict resolution• -Failure to teach tolerance & socially skilled interaction -Failure to teach tolerance & socially skilled interaction

behaviorbehavior• -Feeble attempts at building a sense of community & -Feeble attempts at building a sense of community &

esprit de corpesprit de corp• -Failure to seek out troubled kids & provide them with -Failure to seek out troubled kids & provide them with

supports supports (as per the checklist in your handout)(as per the checklist in your handout)• -Staff allowed to be negative with kids & verbally bully -Staff allowed to be negative with kids & verbally bully

themthem• Strategies for addressing each can be found at Strategies for addressing each can be found at

BehaviorAdvisor.com & elsewhereBehaviorAdvisor.com & elsewhere..

T-F:T-F: We need more SWAT teams We need more SWAT teams& Metal Detectors& Metal Detectors..

• Hardening the target helps.Hardening the target helps.

• It is not sufficientIt is not sufficient..

Gun totin’ teachers:Gun totin’ teachers:Should we be “Should we be “packin’ heatpackin’ heat”?”?

• Excerpted from the web site of Wisconsin State LegislatorExcerpted from the web site of Wisconsin State LegislatorFrank Lassee Frank Lassee (R - 2(R - 2ndnd district: Green Bay): district: Green Bay):

• ““Last week, in the wake of several school shootings including Last week, in the wake of several school shootings including one in rural Wisconsin, I proposed legislation to give Wisconsin one in rural Wisconsin, I proposed legislation to give Wisconsin teachers and other school staff, who complete a background teachers and other school staff, who complete a background check and a rigorous gun safety course, the option to defend check and a rigorous gun safety course, the option to defend themselves and our children with weapons.”themselves and our children with weapons.”

“To clarify, this is how I described my proposal to my 10 year “To clarify, this is how I described my proposal to my 10 year old daughter when she asked me over the weekend why so old daughter when she asked me over the weekend why so many people with cameras wanted to talk to me. I told her that many people with cameras wanted to talk to me. I told her that somewhere in her school there will be a locked box somewhere in her school there will be a locked box (safe?)(safe?) with with a gun in it. And that if a bad person with a gun came into her a gun in it. And that if a bad person with a gun came into her school that wanted to hurt her or her classmates a school school that wanted to hurt her or her classmates a school official who is trained to use it, would go to the box official who is trained to use it, would go to the box (safe?)(safe?) and and use the gun to protect them from harm. She looked at me, use the gun to protect them from harm. She looked at me, smiled and said, “That makes sense to me daddy,” and went smiled and said, “That makes sense to me daddy,” and went back to playingback to playing..””

Next year in Wisconsin?Next year in Wisconsin?

• Three states already allow teachers to carry Three states already allow teachers to carry handguns in school handguns in school (with a valid conceal and carry (with a valid conceal and carry

permit)permit): Utah, Oregon & New Hampshire. : Utah, Oregon & New Hampshire. Representative Lassee’s proposal would require Representative Lassee’s proposal would require that the guns to be placed in a that the guns to be placed in a “locked box/safe in a “locked box/safe in a secure location”.secure location”.

• Cartoon by M. Stevens in New Yorker Magazine.Cartoon by M. Stevens in New Yorker Magazine.

T-F:T-F: We gotta get tough with the We gotta get tough with thetrouble makers. Zero tolerancetrouble makers. Zero tolerance!!

• Shooters already had belonging problems at home. Shooters already had belonging problems at home. Their rejection by students and teachers meant that Their rejection by students and teachers meant that they were not valued in either of the two most they were not valued in either of the two most significant settings in their world. That’s an significant settings in their world. That’s an overwhelming hurt.overwhelming hurt.

• Punishment without caring, support, and the teaching of Punishment without caring, support, and the teaching of replacement behaviors, builds resentment. It replacement behaviors, builds resentment. It

destroys a feeling of being emotionally connected. destroys a feeling of being emotionally connected. It is difficult to like those who hurt us. It is difficult to like those who hurt us.

• ““Getting toughGetting tough” in order to “” in order to “Teach ‘em a Teach ‘em a lessonlesson”… ”… doesn’tdoesn’t..

• Teachers and administrators were targeted in more than Teachers and administrators were targeted in more than 1/2 of the incidents1/2 of the incidents..

Father Flanagan, “Boys Town” Founder Father Flanagan, “Boys Town” Founder (Now “Boys & Girls Town”)(Now “Boys & Girls Town”)

• ““There are no bad boys. There is only bad environment,There are no bad boys. There is only bad environment, bad training, bad example, bad thinking.” bad training, bad example, bad thinking.”

• ““I have yet to find a single boy who wants to be bad.”I have yet to find a single boy who wants to be bad.”• ““A boy or girl given the proper guidance and direction—kept busy and A boy or girl given the proper guidance and direction—kept busy and

constructively occupied during their leisure or free time—will prove my constructively occupied during their leisure or free time—will prove my statement that there is no such thing as a bad boy or girl.”statement that there is no such thing as a bad boy or girl.”

• ““There is nothing the matter with our growing boys that love, proper There is nothing the matter with our growing boys that love, proper training and guidance will not remedy.”training and guidance will not remedy.”

• ““When parents fail to do their job, when they allow their children to run When parents fail to do their job, when they allow their children to run the streets and keep bad company, when they fail to provide them with the streets and keep bad company, when they fail to provide them with good examples in the home, then the parents and not the children are good examples in the home, then the parents and not the children are delinquent.”delinquent.”

• ““Rehabilitation needs greater emphasis, punishment less.”Rehabilitation needs greater emphasis, punishment less.”• ““I do not believe that a child can be reformed by lock and key and bars, I do not believe that a child can be reformed by lock and key and bars,

or that fear can ever develop a child’s character.”or that fear can ever develop a child’s character.”

• ““No race that does not take care of its young can hope to surviveNo race that does not take care of its young can hope to survive— or deserves to survive— or deserves to survive..””

Rudolf Dreikurs’ ModelRudolf Dreikurs’ Model• If we don’t feel accepted and valued in anIf we don’t feel accepted and valued in an

important life setting, we react negatively… important life setting, we react negatively… progressively so, if issues remain unresolved.progressively so, if issues remain unresolved.

• When kids don’t feel valued by teachers and peers When kids don’t feel valued by teachers and peers at school, they engage in at school, they engage in ““Mistaken GoalsMistaken Goals” ” (misguided reactions to feeling disconnected)(misguided reactions to feeling disconnected)

– Seeking Seeking ATTENTIONATTENTION (If not getting enough to feel (If not getting enough to feel accepted and accepted and

valued)valued)

– Seeking Seeking POWERPOWER (Resentment results in the(Resentment results in the mandating mandating

of attention)of attention)

– Seeking Seeking REVENGEREVENGE (Anger from losing the struggle (Anger from losing the struggle spurs vengeance)spurs vengeance)

– Displaying Displaying INADEQUACYINADEQUACY (Total lack of effort and (Total lack of effort and cooperation while cooperation while

in the in the abusive or non-abusive or non-accepting accepting setting)setting)..

Three “Belonging” concernsThree “Belonging” concernsfor adolescents for adolescents

• Being invisible.Being invisible.

• ReceivingReceiving CriticismCriticism– Especially public humiliation.Especially public humiliation.

• Being excludedBeing excluded..

““We gave those kids lots of chances and We gave those kids lots of chances and did everything we could to help them.did everything we could to help them.

Some kids just can’t be reachedSome kids just can’t be reached..””

• High quality, cutting edge schools create positive High quality, cutting edge schools create positive school climates that promote:school climates that promote:

• Respect for all members of the school community.Respect for all members of the school community.

• A safe & welcoming climate for all.A safe & welcoming climate for all.

• The teaching of what each student needs to knowThe teaching of what each student needs to know (in all realms…including behavior)(in all realms…including behavior)..

National Consortium ofNational Consortium ofSchool Violence Prevention School Violence Prevention

Researchers and Practitioners Researchers and Practitioners (2006)(2006)

• Support programs should operate at 3 levelsSupport programs should operate at 3 levels::

•Intensive (For chronicallyIntensive (For chronically & intensely at-risk pupils)& intensely at-risk pupils)

•Targeted (At-risk students)Targeted (At-risk students)

•Universal (School-wide)Universal (School-wide)

How do we reclaim errant youthHow do we reclaim errant youth& prevent disaster?& prevent disaster?

What can educators do?What can educators do?• Treat students with concern & respect Treat students with concern & respect (Universal)(Universal)

• Anti-bullying policies and education Anti-bullying policies and education (Universal)(Universal)

• Peer mediation/Conflict resolution procedures Peer mediation/Conflict resolution procedures (Universal)(Universal)..

• Character education Character education (Targeted & Intensive)(Targeted & Intensive)

• Cognitive behavioral strategies Cognitive behavioral strategies (Targeted & Intensive)(Targeted & Intensive)

• Social skills training Social skills training (Targeted & Intensive)(Targeted & Intensive)

• Anger management training Anger management training (Targeted & Intensive)(Targeted & Intensive)

• Problem solving Problem solving (Targeted and Intensive)(Targeted and Intensive)

• Interpersonal connection activities Interpersonal connection activities (Targeted & Intensive)(Targeted & Intensive)

• Provision of mentors - adults & older kids Provision of mentors - adults & older kids (Targeted & Intensive)(Targeted & Intensive)..

• Counseling Counseling (Intensive)(Intensive)

• Psychological evaluation & treatmentPsychological evaluation & treatment (Intensive) (Intensive)

• Interagency cooperation Interagency cooperation (Intensive)(Intensive)..

Principles for Prudent PracticePrinciples for Prudent Practice (To be addressed in the follow-up session)(To be addressed in the follow-up session)

► Build interpersonal bonds with students.Build interpersonal bonds with students.► Correct student actions in ways that Correct student actions in ways that

don’t don’t come across as being come across as being ostracized.ostracized.

► Build a sense of esprit de corps in your Build a sense of esprit de corps in your classroom and the school at-large.classroom and the school at-large.

► Guarantee everyone safety from bullying.Guarantee everyone safety from bullying. PhysicalPhysical OralOral

► PsychologicalPsychological► IntellectualIntellectual

Non-physical, Non-oralNon-physical, Non-oral► ShunningShunning► CyberCyber

What can I do to decrease my chances of  What can I do to decrease my chances of 

being a school shooting victim?being a school shooting victim?    • The motive for these attacks is REVENGE.  Shooters are striking back at The motive for these attacks is REVENGE.  Shooters are striking back at

those who have made their lives miserable.  Don't be one of those people.  those who have made their lives miserable.  Don't be one of those people.  • Treat all students with respect.  Listen to all kids.  Talk Treat all students with respect.  Listen to all kids.  Talk TOTO them, not them, not ATAT

them...be personal.them...be personal.• Be patient and tolerant.  Be sure they get more positive comments in your Be patient and tolerant.  Be sure they get more positive comments in your

classroom than negative ones (at least a 3 to 1 ratio).  Give them the time classroom than negative ones (at least a 3 to 1 ratio).  Give them the time of day.  Greet them at the door with a welcoming comment.  Use "we" and of day.  Greet them at the door with a welcoming comment.  Use "we" and "us" messages, and respectful communication (see the home page link at "us" messages, and respectful communication (see the home page link at www.behavioradvisor.com titled "Nice ways to build self discipline in www.behavioradvisor.com titled "Nice ways to build self discipline in kids").kids").

• Help them to succeed and catch them being good.Help them to succeed and catch them being good.• Promote a positive supportive peer culture within your classroom (see the Promote a positive supportive peer culture within your classroom (see the

home page links at www.behavioradvisor.com titled "Promoting positive home page links at www.behavioradvisor.com titled "Promoting positive peer pressure" and "Ways to catch em being good").peer pressure" and "Ways to catch em being good").

• When you must punish them, make them aware that it was done because When you must punish them, make them aware that it was done because you care about them or because you know what they are capable of doing you care about them or because you know what they are capable of doing if they apply themselves.  When a youngster says "Why did you punish if they apply themselves.  When a youngster says "Why did you punish me/call my parents?", the answer should be "Because I care about you me/call my parents?", the answer should be "Because I care about you and want to see you succeed here at school…and in life." and want to see you succeed here at school…and in life."

• NEVERNEVER be mean or condescending.  Control your temper. be mean or condescending.  Control your temper.