The first 10 amendments to the U. S. Constitution The Bill of Rights: 1 1 st 1 st 2 nd 2 nd 3 rd...
-
Upload
gervase-ryan -
Category
Documents
-
view
217 -
download
0
Transcript of The first 10 amendments to the U. S. Constitution The Bill of Rights: 1 1 st 1 st 2 nd 2 nd 3 rd...
The first 10 amendments to The first 10 amendments to the the
U. S. ConstitutionU. S. Constitution
The Bill of Rights:The Bill of Rights:
1
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th
8th
9th
10th
On other slides, click on “Contents” to return to this slide.
The first ten amendments to the The first ten amendments to the Constitution.Constitution.
These ten amendments list the These ten amendments list the basic rights of the people that basic rights of the people that
the federal government may not the federal government may not interfere with and must protect. interfere with and must protect.
What are the What are the Bill of Rights?Bill of Rights?
2
Who determines what the Bill of Rights Who determines what the Bill of Rights mean?mean?
The Supreme Court makes rulings on the The Supreme Court makes rulings on the meaning.meaning.
The Supreme Court balances the rights of the The Supreme Court balances the rights of the individual with the needs of society.individual with the needs of society.
3
United States Supreme CourtUnited States Supreme Court
4
There are nine justices on the U. S. Supreme There are nine justices on the U. S. Supreme Court,Court,once appointed they serve until they die or once appointed they serve until they die or voluntarily retire from the job.voluntarily retire from the job.Back row (left to right): Back row (left to right): Sonia Sotomayor, Sonia Sotomayor, Stephen G. Breyer, Stephen G. Breyer, Samuel A. Alito, and Samuel A. Alito, and Elena Kagan. Elena Kagan.
Front row (left to right): Front row (left to right): Clarence Thomas, Clarence Thomas, Antonin Scalia, Chief Antonin Scalia, Chief Justice John G. Roberts, Justice John G. Roberts, Anthony Kennedy, and Anthony Kennedy, and Ruth Bader GinsburgRuth Bader Ginsburg
1st Amendment = 5 rights1st Amendment = 5 rights Freedom of SpeechFreedom of Speech Freedom of the Press Freedom of the Press Freedom of AssemblyFreedom of Assembly Freedom to petition the Freedom to petition the
governmentgovernment Freedom of ReligionFreedom of Religion
5
Contents
Free SpeechFree Speech ““Congress shall make no laws . . . Congress shall make no laws . . .
abridging the freedom of speech.”abridging the freedom of speech.” Limits:Limits:
Threaten to blow up airplanes, schools, or Threaten to blow up airplanes, schools, or the presidentthe president
HarassmentHarassment Create too much social chaosCreate too much social chaos Extremely crude language in a public forumExtremely crude language in a public forum Disrespectful, vulgar language in schoolsDisrespectful, vulgar language in schools Hate crimesHate crimes
6
Contents
Free Speech: Individuals can…Free Speech: Individuals can… Say any political beliefSay any political belief Protest (without getting out of Protest (without getting out of
control)control) Say things about someone that are Say things about someone that are
truetrue Burn the flagBurn the flag Say racist and hate Say racist and hate
slogans slogans Free speech means Free speech means
someone might say someone might say something you something you disagree with. disagree with.
7
Contents
Freedom of the PressFreedom of the Press
Congress shall make Congress shall make no law . . . abridging no law . . . abridging . . . the freedom of . . . the freedom of the press.”the press.”
8
Contents
Freedom of the Press: Freedom of the Press: The PressThe Press
CanCan CannotCannot Print any political Print any political
positionposition Make fun of Make fun of
people, especially people, especially politicianspoliticians
Expose wrongs by Expose wrongs by the governmentthe government
Say things you Say things you might not agree might not agree withwith
Libel– intentionally Libel– intentionally injuring a person’s injuring a person’s reputation by false reputation by false factsfacts
Disclose classified Disclose classified government secretsgovernment secrets
Detail how to make Detail how to make a certain weaponsa certain weapons
9
Contents
Freedom of AssemblyFreedom of Assembly Congress shall make no law . . . Congress shall make no law . . .
Abridging . . . The people to Abridging . . . The people to peaceably assemble.”peaceably assemble.”
10
Contents
Freedom of Assembly: Freedom of Assembly: PeoplePeople
CanCan CannotCannot Protest Protest Parade (with a Parade (with a
permit)permit) Parade Parade
chanting hate chanting hate slogansslogans
Gather in publicGather in public
Protest by Protest by throwing rocks throwing rocks and breaking and breaking windowswindows
Hang out Hang out (loiter) on (loiter) on private land private land without owner’s without owner’s permissionpermission
11
Contents
Petition the GovernmentPetition the Government
““Congress shall make no law . . . Congress shall make no law . . . Abridging . . . the people. . . to Abridging . . . the people. . . to petition the government for a redress petition the government for a redress of grievances.”of grievances.”
12
Contents
Petition the governmentPetition the government
You may sue the government for You may sue the government for wrongs.wrongs.
You cannot be punished for exposing You cannot be punished for exposing wrongs by the government.wrongs by the government.
The courts decide the wrongs.The courts decide the wrongs.
13
Contents
Freedom of ReligionFreedom of Religion
““Congress shall make no law Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free religion or prohibiting the free exercise there of.”exercise there of.”
Two clauses:Two clauses: Establishment clauseEstablishment clause Free Exercise clauseFree Exercise clause
14
Contents
Establishment and free exercise Establishment and free exercise clause often conflict with each clause often conflict with each
other. other. In schools, the In schools, the religion issue is religion issue is most prevalent. most prevalent.
A student may A student may raise her hand raise her hand and say, and say, “Teacher, can we “Teacher, can we say an opening say an opening prayer before prayer before this test?” this test?”
If the teacher says: If the teacher says: ““Yes,” it looks like Yes,” it looks like
establishment of establishment of religion.religion.
““No,” it is denying No,” it is denying a student free a student free exercise.exercise.
15
Contents
Establishment Clause: Establishment Clause: GovernmentGovernment
CansCans CannotCannot
Teach about religions Teach about religions in schoolin school
Allow voluntary Allow voluntary prayer in many prayer in many instancesinstances
Transport students to Transport students to a religious schoola religious school
Read Bible for culture Read Bible for culture or literacy contentor literacy content
Set a state religion Set a state religion Cannot order Cannot order
prayerprayer Teach religious Teach religious
doctrine in the doctrine in the schoolschool
Pay seminary or Pay seminary or religious school religious school teachersteachers
Teach creationismTeach creationism16
Contents
Free Exercise: Free Exercise: PeoplePeople
CanCan CannotCannot Choose any Choose any
religionreligion Lead a prayer in Lead a prayer in
most instancesmost instances Ask questions Ask questions
about religions about religions
Break the law and Break the law and claim it is claim it is religious beliefreligious belief
Raise children Raise children without educationwithout education
Deprive children Deprive children of basic needsof basic needs
17
Contents
Establishment Clause: Establishment Clause: Government Government
cannot cannot promote promote religion.religion.
18
Contents
The separation of church and state is a basic principle of the US Constitution.
22ndnd Amendment: Amendment: Right To Bear ArmsRight To Bear Arms
““A well-regulated A well-regulated militia, being militia, being necessary to the necessary to the security of a free security of a free state, the right of state, the right of the people to the people to bear arms shall bear arms shall not be infringed.”not be infringed.”
19
Contents
What is the debate with the What is the debate with the right to bear arms?right to bear arms?
How much can the How much can the government do to keep government do to keep guns from criminals guns from criminals and youth?and youth?
In order to keep guns In order to keep guns away from criminals, away from criminals, does that limit the does that limit the right of law abiding right of law abiding citizens?citizens?
20
Contents
Gun Debate Continued…Gun Debate Continued…
Thousands of Thousands of people die every people die every year because of year because of guns. guns.
Thousands of Thousands of crimes are crimes are prevented prevented because of guns.because of guns.
21
Shoes representing gun deaths.
Contents
3rd 3rd AmendmentAmendment
The The Government Government cannot force cannot force you to shelter you to shelter soldiers in your soldiers in your home without home without your consent your consent in time of war in time of war or peace.or peace.
22
Contents
Amendments 4-8 Amendments 4-8
Preserve the Rights Preserve the Rights of the Accused.of the Accused.
These are the DUE These are the DUE PROCESSPROCESS
AmendmentsAmendments
23
Contents
Amendment 4Amendment 4It prohibits unreasonable It prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures and requires any and requires any warrant to be judicially sanctioned and supported by to be judicially sanctioned and supported by probable cause..
24
4th Amendment4th Amendment
What does the What does the government government need in order need in order to search your to search your home?home? Probable causeProbable cause A warrant given A warrant given
by a judgeby a judge
25
Contents
5th 5th AmendmentAmendment
You cannot be tried for the You cannot be tried for the same crime twice; that is same crime twice; that is called “double jeopardy.”called “double jeopardy.”
You do not have to testify You do not have to testify against your self. against your self. ““I plead the Fifth!”I plead the Fifth!”
You must have You must have due processdue process of law of law before you are convicted.before you are convicted.
The government cannot take The government cannot take your land your land unless it pays.unless it pays.
26
Contents
6th Amendment: Speedy Trial and 6th Amendment: Speedy Trial and LawyerLawyer
You have the right to You have the right to speedy trial by an speedy trial by an impartial jury (not impartial jury (not favoring either side).favoring either side).
You must be told of You must be told of charges.charges.
You must be You must be provided a lawyer if provided a lawyer if you cannot afford you cannot afford one.one.
27
Contents
7th Amendment: Civil Trial by Jury7th Amendment: Civil Trial by Jury ““In civil suits , where In civil suits , where
the value in the value in controversy shall controversy shall exceed twenty exceed twenty dollars, the right of dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be trial by jury shall be preserved, and no preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise re-shall be otherwise re-examined in any examined in any court of the United court of the United States, than States, than according to the rules according to the rules of the common law.”of the common law.”
28
Contents
The $20 in the amendment doesn’t seem significant now.
8th Amendment: Bail 8th Amendment: Bail and Punishment: and Punishment:
No excessive No excessive bailbail
No cruel and No cruel and unusual unusual punishmentpunishment
29
Contents
9th Amendment: Rights Reserved to the 9th Amendment: Rights Reserved to the StatesStates
Says that just because a right isn't expressly written into the Constitution, that doesn't mean it isn't exactly a right
Allows states to Allows states to grant more rights grant more rights than given under than given under the Constitutionthe Constitution
Issues such as Issues such as Drinking ageDrinking age Driving ageDriving age
30
Contents
1010thth Amendment: Amendment: Rights Reserved Rights Reserved
to the Peopleto the People
““The powers not delegated to the United The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.” respectively, or to the people.” a
Any powers not given to the federal government, nor powers that are prohibited to the individual states by the Constitution are then reserved to the people or the states. If the federal and state governments do not If the federal and state governments do not
prohibit something, than the people are allowed prohibit something, than the people are allowed to do it.to do it.
31
Contents