THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM

AND

THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Created by 6th grade students 2017-18

MAJOR FUNCTIONS,

AND LOCATION:

LOCATION:• THE LOCATION OF THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM IS

THROUGHOUT THE BODY

THE MAJOR FUNCTION:• THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM PREVENTS THE TOXIC

BUILD UP OF NITROGENOUS WASTES, SUCH AS AMMONIA OR UREA

DIAGRAM/MAJOR ORGANS:• THE MAJOR FUNCTIONS:

• THE KIDNEYS FILTER THE BLOOD

• THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM ENSURES THAT HOMEOSTASIS IS MAINTAINED WHILE WE CONSUME FOOD AND DRINK

• THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM REGULATES THE FLUID BALANCE OF THE BODY, MAINTAINING SALT AND ADEQUATE WATER LEVELS

• THE KIDNEYS SECRETE A HORMONE CALLED ERYTHROPOIETIN THAT INDUCES THE BONE MARROW TO PRODUCE MORE RED BLOOD CELLS

• THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM PREVENTS THE TOXIC BUILD UP OF NITROGENOUS WASTES, SUCH AS AMMONIA OR UREA

INTERRELATIONSHIPS:

FUNCTIONS:SWEAT GLANDS (EXOCRINE GLANDS): THEY REGULATE BODY

TEMPERATURE, LUBRICATE, AND AID IN DIGESTION

LUNGS: REMOVES CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) AND EXCESS WATER

VAPOR WHEN YOU BREATHE OUT, OR EXHALE.

LIVER: MAKES FLUID CALLED BILE THAT’S HELPS BODY DIGEST FAT.

KIDNEYS: REMOVE WASTE FROM BLOOD.

URINARY BLADDER: COLLECT AND STORE FROM THE KIDNEYS UNTIL

IT CAN BE EXCRETED.5

FUNCTIONS:URETER: ARE A PAIR OF SMALL TUBES THAT CONNECT THE KIDNEYS

TO THE URINARY BLADDER, THEY ALLOW URINE TO DRAIN FROM

THE KIDNEYS TO BE STORED IN THE BLADDER.

URETHRA: IS A TUBE THAT CONVEYS URINE FROM THE URINARY

BLADDER TO THE OUTSIDE OF THE BODY.

5

WHAT CAN GO WRONG IN THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM?

INITIAL SYMPTOMS CAN BE AS MILD AS SWELLING IN

THE LEGS, INDICATIVE OF THE INABILITY OF THE

KIDNEYS TO MAINTAIN FLUID HOMEOSTASIS. THE

PRESENCE OF TOXINS IN THE BLOOD CAN CAUSE A

FEELING OF NAUSEA AND VOMITING.

DISORDERS:ONE DISORDER IS CALLED KIDNEY

STONES, THE SYMPTOMS INCLUDE:

• VOMITING OR NAUSEA

• FEVER OR CHILLS

• SHARP PAIN OF THE BACK OR

SIDE

Irritable bowel syndrome and

celiac disease: are actually

disorders, not diseases….they are

caused by enzyme deficiencies

that result in food intolerance, the

inability to digest lactose. or milk

proteins, are the most common.

DISEASES:ONE DISEASE IS CALLED KIDNEY FAILURE.

KIDNEY FAILURE CAN BE CAUSED WHEN YOUR KIDNEYS

ARE DAMAGED BY A PATHOGEN INFECTION, SUCH AS

STAPHALOCOCCUS.

WHEN YOU HAVE IT THAT MEANS ABOUT 85 - 90%

OF YOUR KIDNEY FUNCTION IS GONE AND YOUR KIDNEYS

WON’T BE WORKING WELL ENOUGH TO KEEP YOU ALIVE.

HERE ARE SYMPTOMS THAT COME ALONG WITH HAVING

KIDNEY FAILURE.

• VOMITING, TROUBLE SLEEPING, WEAKNESS, TIREDNESS,

• POOR APPETITE

2 more examples are……

Salmonella: Diarrhea

Campylobacter: Inflammation

STAYING HEALTHY:IN ORDER TO STAY HEALTHY WE WOULD

RECOMMEND THE FOLLOWING SUGGESTIONS:

• TOO MUCH WATER CAN ACTUALLY HURT

YOUR EXCRETORY SYSTEM AND YOUR BODY

• DRINK 8 CUPS (64 OZ) OF WATER EVERY DAY

• EAT HEALTHY FOODS

• GET REGULAR EXERCISE

• AVOID TOXINS

• IF YOU SEE SOMETHING UNUSUAL WITH

YOUR BODY TELL YOUR DOCTOR

FUN FACTS:• YOU DON'T FEEL THE URGE TO URINATE UNLESS YOUR BLADDER CONTAINS

MORE THAN 300 MM OF URINE.

• YOUR URINE CAN HELP PLANTS GROW BECAUSE IT CONTAINS UREA, WHICH

PROVIDES PLANTS WITH NITROGEN.

• YOUR DIGESTIVE SYSTEM HELPS PROCESS SOLIDS AND TAKES OUT NUTRIENTS

TO FUEL YOUR BODY. THE LEFTOVERS TURN INTO SOLID WASTE.

• ONE OF MANY FUN FACTS ABOUT YOUR EXCRETORY SYSTEM IS RELATED TO

YOUR KIDNEYS WHICH SEEMS THAT IT NEVER STOPS WORKING. THE LARGEST

VEIN IN YOUR BODY MOVES THROUGH YOUR KIDNEY TO CLEAN YOUR BLOOD.

IN A SINGLE DAY, YOUR BLOOD PASSES THROUGH YOUR KIDNEYS FOR UP TO 300

TIMES.

• YOUR SKIN IS ALSO A PART OF YOUR EXCRETORY SYSTEM BECAUSE IT HELPS

ELIMINATE WASTE PRODUCTS IN THE FORM OF SWEAT, WHICH CONTAINS

SEVERAL WASTES, SUCH AS UREA, SALT, WATER AND OTHER METABOLIC

WASTES. BESIDES, SWEATING THAT ALSO HELPS KEEP YOUR BODY

TEMPERATURE LOW.

THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

LOCATION AND MAJOR FUNCTION

• THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM STRETCHES

FROM THE MOUTH TO THE ANUS.

• THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEMS MAIN

FUNCTION IS TO PROCESS FOOD TO

EXTRACT THE NUTRIENTS FOR THE

CELLS

MAJOR ORGANS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS FOR THE DIGESTIVE

SYSTEM

Liver :produces bile and produces nutrients obtained from

food

Esophagus: muscular tube down which food travels

from the mouth to the stomach

Gall bladder: stores bile, which is secreted

into the stomach to digest fats

Rectum: stores the waste until it leaves the body

through the anus

Stomach: secretes juices that get digestion underway

Pancreas: secretes enzymes into the small intestine

Large intestine: absorbed water from

digestive waste

Small intestine: absorption of

nutrients and minerals from food

anus: lets solid

waste leave

the body

Oral Cavity: Inside an oral cavity the tongue, teeth, and salivary glands all work together to chop food into tiny

pieces and moisten the food with saliva before the tongue and other muscles push the food into the pharynx

HOW FOOD

TRAVELS THROUGH

THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

5 FUN FACTS ABOUT THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

The esophagus is 25cm long.

Enzymes in your digestive system

separates food into the different nutrients that

your body needs

The muscles in your esophagus act like a

giant wave. That is how food and drinks move down in your stomach

The second part of your small intestine is called the jejunum(ja-ju-num)

The stomach has the ability to stretch and

hold up to 4 pounds of food at one time

HOW THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM WORKS WITH OTHER SYSTEMS

Circulatory- absorb & deliver the digested nutrients to the cells

Muscular- control the contractions of many of the digestive organs to

pass food along

Nervous- hypothalamus maintains homeostasis by triggering appetite (stomach growling) and

digest

DISEASE, DISORDER & STAYING HEALTHY

• ONE DISORDER IN THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM IS CELIAC DISEASE. CELIAC

DISEASE IS A DISORDER THAT EFFECTS THE SMALL INTESTINE. IT CAUSES

DIARRHEA, LOSS OF APPETITE, AND CHILDREN HAVING FAILURE TO GROW

NORMALLY.

• ONE DISEASE IS ROTAVIRUS. IT IS A DIARRHEAL DISEASE AND AFFECTS

CHILDREN, BUT RARELY EFFECTS ADULTS. IT WAS DISCOVERED IN 1973 BY

AN ELECTRON MICROGRAPH IMAGES. IT CAUSES SEVERE DIARRHEA.

• TO STAY HEALTHY YOU MUST KEEP A GOOD DIET AND EXERCISE.

RESOURCES

• TAYLOR,M. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM. INNERBODY.COM. 2018.

WWW.INNERBODY.COM/HTM/BODY.HTML

• EDITORS. HUMAN BODY: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM. INFOGRAPHIC-HUMAN

BODY: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM. 2018. CAROLINA BIOLOGICAL SUPPLY

COMPANY. WWW.CAROLINA.COM/TEACHER-

RESOURCES/INTERACTIVE/HUMAN-BODY-DIGESTIVE-

SYSTEM/TR40602.TR

• EDITORS. BODY SYSTEMS: EXCRETORY SYSTEM. FACT MONSTER.

2007. SANDBOX NETWORKS, INC. 2018.

WWW.FACTMONSTER.COM/DK/ENCYCLOPEDIA/SCIENCE/BODY-

SYSTEMS

• ANDERSON ,M., ET AL. INTERACTIVE STUDENT TEXTBOOK. 2012.

FLORIDA STUDENT TEXTBOOKS.