The European Research Infrastructure ICOS (Integrated Carbon Observation System)

Werner L. Kutsch

Werner L. Kutsch, Thünen Institut of Climate-Smart Agriculture, Braunschweig , Germanyfrom March on: Director General of ICOS RI, Helsinki, Finland

GEO X Summit, Geneva15. January 2014

The European Research Infrastructure ICOS(Integrated Carbon Observation System)

Werner L. Kutsch

Introduction and background

Seite 215. Jan 2014

Precise, long-term and internationally comparable measurements are a key factor in improving our knowledge of the complex interactions between climate on the one hand and biosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere on the other. They are the best investment for avoiding surprises and reducing uncertainties about what tomorrow holds.

ICOS will provide these measurements.

Climate changes caused by the increase of greenhouse gases

represent a major challenge to mankind.

Werner L. Kutsch

The vision and the scientific mission of ICOS

Seite 315. Jan 2014

• fundamental understanding of carbon cycle, greenhouse gas budgets and pertubations and underlying processes,

• ability to predict future changes,

• verify the effectiveness of policies aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions,

• technical and scientific innovation,

• education and capacity building.

Werner L. Kutsch

The vision of ICOS

Seite 415. Jan 2014

Relevant data productsState of the art techniques

A community to producehigher level output

Long-term financial securityof all partners

Representative networks

Optimum data streams

All important parameters

Werner L. Kutsch

The ICOS station network today

Seite 515. Jan 2014

….and anticipated ICOS station network 2020

Werner L. Kutsch

ICOS atmospheric stations and inverse modelling of CO2 fluxes

Seite 615. Jan 2014

Uncertainty reduction on CO2 fluxes during the month of July 2007red = CO2 flux is better constrained

ICOS 23 stations Europe ICOS 50 stations Europe

Kadygrov et al. EGU 2013

[courtesy J.D. Paris]

Werner L. Kutsch

Carbon observations

Seite 715. Jan 2014

Satellite remote sensing: Vertical column, Global coverage

Poor - good accuracy

Aircraft:Vertical sampling

High accuracyMultispecies

Masts, Tall towers:Permanent monitoring

High accuracyMultispecies

Ground based remote sensing:Permanent monitoring

Good accuracySatellite calibration

FTIRTCCON GOSAT

OCO-2MERLIN (CH4)…

IAGOSCONTRAIL

ICOSNOAA/GMD

Eddy covariance:“Direct”

measurement of local fluxes

ICOSNEON [courtesy J.D. Paris]

Werner L. Kutsch

R&D, design studies2001-2008

Preparatory phase (EC-FP7)2008-2013

Construction phase2011-2016

Operational phase2015-…

CarboEurope-IP, CarboOcean-IPOther research projectsNational networks

National contributions

Transition phase

Development of ICOS

EU funding

National contributions + EU funding

ICOS ERIC 2014European Research Infrastructure Consortium


Werner L. Kutsch

The structure of ICOS RI

Seite 915. Jan 2014

Quality ControlTrainingSensors developed

Ocean component into ICOS under design

Ecosystem Thematic

Centre

Carbon Portal

ICOS council

Atmospheric stations

CalibrationSampleAnalysis

Greenhouse gas fluxassessments

International programs

Ocean Thematic

Centre

OceanShips

and stationsEcosystem

stations

Data from connex projects and

international networksGlobal Networks

GEOSS

Analytical Laboratory

Atmospheric Thematic

Centre

Head officeICOS ERIC

Werner L. Kutsch

The structure of ICOS (Germany as example)

ETC RI Committee

BMBF

BMELVBMVBS

CarbonPortal

National Competence Centre

GeneralAssembly

Director GeneralHeadoffice

Other Users;Other FundingOrganisations

Coordination

EcoMSA

1 12 23 3

CRL CAL

6

4

ATCAtmMSA OTC

OceMSA

66

6

6

6

6 5

8

8

9

Model application

BMU

7

Lenkungs-ausschuss

(LA)

Wissensch.Beirat

Wissensch.Versammlung

213

Public

8

Lab userassembly

6

Information 11 10

10

99

2

?

Euro

pean

Lev

elN

ation

al L

evel

DataAdministrationMoney

Werner L. Kutsch

Verification of policies to reduce GHG emissions

Seite 1115. Jan 2014

Sources: IPCC; Peters et al. 2012a; Le Quéré et al. 2012; CDIAC Data; Global Carbon Project 2012

http://www.earth-syst-sci-data-discuss.net/5/1107/2012



http://cdiac.ornl.gov/trends/emis/meth_reg.html

http://www.globalcarbonproject.org/carbonbudget/

Werner L. Kutsch

Verification of policies to reduce GHG emissions


Post-Kyoto agreement (2020)

Develop observing techniques

Establish baselines

Critical Verification Period

Robust verification, fine grid

Initial capability, ERIC (2014)

Fully operational (2020)

Future enhancements (2030…)

Werner L. Kutsch

ICOS and GEO (the good news)


ICOS will provide long-term and highly accurate data on atmospheric GHG concentrations, GHG fluxes between ecosystems and the atmosphere, and between oceans and the atmosphere and, thus, will contribute to a Global Carbon Observation SystemICOS data policy: in general open access and free.ICOS contributes to the Open E-Science Information Linking ModelICOS understands itself as a contribution to GEOSS.The ICOS community is very keen to develop higher level products on European and Global GHG fluxes together with other partners in GEO (e.g. remote sensing community)

Werner L. Kutsch

ICOS and GEO: an example


Ensuring interoperabilitythrough GEOSS data infrastructure will optimize the discoverability, accessibility and re-use of data

GENESI-DEC discovery platform

Here: collocating ICOS and SCIAMACHY data

http://www.genesi-dec.eu/search/


Werner L. Kutsch

ICOS contributions to GEO


Automatic, robust, timely in-situ GHG data provision by ICOS to atmosphere and land services in CopernicusContribute to achievement of Task CL-02 Global Carbon Observation and

Analysis:• Infrastructure (better data and enhanced interoperability)• Science and technology (link with space)• User engagement (network design, requirements)• Contribute to the WMO Global Atmospheric Watch (GAW)

GEOSS Common Infrastructure: Enable brokerage solutions for ICOS dataSubmit data to WMO WDCGG -> GEOSS Data CORE

Werner L. Kutsch

ICOS contributions to GEO


FP5/FP6, CARBOEUROPE cluster, CarboAfrica, CarboOcean, others: put in place and/or enhance the EU carbon monitoring system; improved knowledge of the European (and African) C-cycle.

FP7, COCOS: coordinated European and global carbon relevant initiatives; defined the GEO C-Strategy.

FP7, ICOS Prep Phase: set up the infrastructure for a integrated and standardized monitoring of C-cycle at global level, starting from Europe.

FP7, GEOCARBON: global coordination toward the design and development of an Operational Global Integrated Carbon Observation and Analysis System.

Past

Future

Strategy

Infrastructure

Coordination

Experience

EC: a

n in

tegr

ated

C-c

ontr

ibut

ion

to G

EO

Operation

Werner L. Kutsch

ICOS and GEO: gaps


ICOS Carbon Portal is under construction (will become operational 2014).ICOS has started internal and external discussions about:

• Metadata• Digital object identifiers (doi) for data• Data citation systems

But there is no final conclusion yet. We are open to discussions on standards.

Werner L. Kutsch

ICOS and GEO


Thank [email protected]

[email protected]@lsce.ipsl.frwww.icos-inwire.lsce.ipsl.fr

mailto:[email protected]




The European Research Infrastructure ICOS (Integrated Carbon Observation System)

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