the European Council of Doctoral Candidates and Junior Researchers
description
Transcript of the European Council of Doctoral Candidates and Junior Researchers
the European Council the European Council of Doctoral Candidates and Junior Researchersof Doctoral Candidates and Junior Researchers
Renzo RubeleRenzo RubelePresident of EurodocPresident of Eurodoc
Bologna Seminar
“Doctoral Programmes for the European Knowledge Society”
Salzburg, February 3rd 2005
The place of Doctoral The place of Doctoral Candidates between the Candidates between the
EHEA and the ERAEHEA and the ERA
Bologna Process withBologna Process with 3 tiers3 tiers
« « […] Ministers consider it necessary […] Ministers consider it necessary to go beyond the present focus on to go beyond the present focus on two main cycles of higher education two main cycles of higher education to include the doctoral level as the to include the doctoral level as the third cycle in the Bologna Process. third cycle in the Bologna Process. […] Ministers call for increased […] Ministers call for increased mobility at the doctoral and mobility at the doctoral and postdoctoral levels and encourage postdoctoral levels and encourage the institutions concerned to the institutions concerned to increase their cooperation in increase their cooperation in doctoral studies and the training of doctoral studies and the training of young researchers. […] young researchers. […] »»Berlin Communiqué of Ministers, Berlin Communiqué of Ministers,
1919thth september 2003 september 2003
The doctorate as the The doctorate as the 33rdrd cycle cycle
ProblemsProblems
National and local traditions prevail – National and local traditions prevail – regulations may vary a lot even among regulations may vary a lot even among departments and disciplinesdepartments and disciplines
To what extent might it be useful to introduce To what extent might it be useful to introduce common structures? Similar practice? The ECTS common structures? Similar practice? The ECTS credit system? The Diploma Supplement? credit system? The Diploma Supplement? Standards of quality and qualification Standards of quality and qualification frameworks?frameworks?
EvidenceEvidence
Everywhere in Europe candidates must defend Everywhere in Europe candidates must defend a thesis in front of a committee, with original a thesis in front of a committee, with original research research About 500,000About 500,000 doctoral candidates in Europe doctoral candidates in Europe form a recognizable communityform a recognizable community
StructureStructure of the programmes of the programmes
Doctoral schools or Doctoral schools or ""apprenticeship modelapprenticeship model""??
GermanyGermany:: the programme was the programme was traditionally absent and the master-traditionally absent and the master-pupil relationshippupil relationship absorbing all the absorbing all the trainingtrainingSwedenSweden:: the structure of the doctorate the structure of the doctorate is now using the ECTS (say, 240 credits is now using the ECTS (say, 240 credits for the whole course, of which 120 for for the whole course, of which 120 for the thesis)the thesis)
Move towards an organisation that can Move towards an organisation that can concretely manage a whole range of activities on concretely manage a whole range of activities on behalf of the institution.behalf of the institution.
Supervision & TrainingSupervision & Training
Role of the Role of the supervisor(s)supervisor(s), management of , management of the research project, assessment. Evaluation of the research project, assessment. Evaluation of the supervisionthe supervision
Quantity and quality of Quantity and quality of trainingtraining: induction, : induction, development of disciplinary competences and of development of disciplinary competences and of general professional and transferable skillsgeneral professional and transferable skills
Little opportunity to speak against the Little opportunity to speak against the problemsproblems
Completion rates, time needed vs. allocatedCompletion rates, time needed vs. allocated
Institutions to put in place specific Institutions to put in place specific standardsstandards
Charter Charter for Supervision and for Supervision and Training of Early Stage Training of Early Stage
ResearchersResearchers Supervision arrangementsSupervision arrangements
Review MethodsReview Methods
Confidential and Structured Feedback Confidential and Structured Feedback MechanismsMechanisms
Complimentary TrainingComplimentary Training
Input to the Input to the European Researchers’ CharterEuropean Researchers’ Charter
Which way to a Which way to a European DoctorateEuropean Doctorate??
Doctoral programmes should provide a Doctoral programmes should provide a mobility experience to candidates, according to mobility experience to candidates, according to the existing possibilitiesthe existing possibilities JointJoint Degree Programmes Degree Programmes ““co-tutelleco-tutelle”” arrangements arrangements periods of research abroad periods of research abroad international collaborations of the research international collaborations of the research groupgroup European label?European label? Who can release the rules? Who can release the rules?
Individual choices for a degree abroadIndividual choices for a degree abroad
Bologna Process and Lisbon convention should Bologna Process and Lisbon convention should make life easier make life easier
Family-related issuesFamily-related issues
Financial issuesFinancial issues
Loss of reintegration prospects in the country Loss of reintegration prospects in the country of originof origin
Bureaucratic/Administrative obstaclesBureaucratic/Administrative obstacles
Language problemsLanguage problems
Social and Cultural problemsSocial and Cultural problems
Lack of informationLack of information
Difficult transfer of social benefitsDifficult transfer of social benefits
Lack of international networkingLack of international networking
Opposition by the supervisorOpposition by the supervisor
Reported obstacles to Reported obstacles to mobilitymobility
« Are doctoral candidates fee-paying « Are doctoral candidates fee-paying studentsstudents who provide an important part of the income of who provide an important part of the income of the institution but can also demand a certain the institution but can also demand a certain amount of services and support for their money, amount of services and support for their money, or junior or junior research and teaching staffresearch and teaching staff who are who are fundamentally involved in the research output fundamentally involved in the research output and teaching provision of their institution and and teaching provision of their institution and should therefore be paid for their contribution? »should therefore be paid for their contribution? »
B.M. Kehm in the “comparative analysis” B.M. Kehm in the “comparative analysis” of the UNESCO-CEPES book “Doctoral Studies and of the UNESCO-CEPES book “Doctoral Studies and
Qualifications Qualifications in Europe and the United States: Status and Prospects”in Europe and the United States: Status and Prospects”
""statusstatus"" of the doctoral candidate of the doctoral candidate
United KingdomUnited Kingdom
Ph.D. candidates:Ph.D. candidates: are all students enrolled in a graduate are all students enrolled in a graduate programmeprogramme are tipically funded with grants by external are tipically funded with grants by external bodies (not by the University itself)bodies (not by the University itself)
satisfied because of:satisfied because of: academic freedom enjoyedacademic freedom enjoyed consumer’s rightsconsumer’s rights
Claim:Claim: supervisor-student relationship is not that of supervisor-student relationship is not that of an employer-worker, and in (most of) continental an employer-worker, and in (most of) continental Europe this [supervision] sounds like a feudal Europe this [supervision] sounds like a feudal relationshiprelationship
NorwayNorway
Ph.D. candidates:Ph.D. candidates: are all workers with regular employement are all workers with regular employement contracts, and related rights (and duties)contracts, and related rights (and duties) are not students, do not need any registration are not students, do not need any registration to take coursesto take courses
Enrolment in a doctoral programme:Enrolment in a doctoral programme: by signing a by signing a ““Ph.D. contractPh.D. contract”” where where supervisors, etc. are specifiedsupervisors, etc. are specified Work contract and Ph.D. contract are 2 Work contract and Ph.D. contract are 2 separate things, also in timeseparate things, also in time
Worried about a “student-oriented” Bologna Worried about a “student-oriented” Bologna ProcessProcess
ProfessionalProfessional futurefuture of doctors of doctors
Which expectations from the Which expectations from the societysociety??
Which expectations from the new Which expectations from the new doctorsdoctors??
Consider the various Consider the various environmentsenvironments: : academic, industrial, disciplinary, geographical, academic, industrial, disciplinary, geographical, contract type, position of responsibility, … contract type, position of responsibility, …
Concerns for researchers’ careers …Concerns for researchers’ careers …
Welcoming initiatives from the EC to set up a Welcoming initiatives from the EC to set up a European Researchers’ CharterEuropean Researchers’ Charter and a and a Code Code of conduct for the recruitment of of conduct for the recruitment of researchersresearchers
Annual ConferenceAnnual ConferenceStrasbourg, 10-13 march 2005Strasbourg, 10-13 march 2005
Annual ConferenceAnnual ConferenceStrasbourg, 10-13 march 2005Strasbourg, 10-13 march 2005
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Web site: Web site: http://2005.eurodoc.nethttp://2005.eurodoc.netWeb site: Web site: http://2005.eurodoc.nethttp://2005.eurodoc.net
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