The eukaryotic cell cycle

Mitosis and cytokinesis

Blue-DNA Green-microtubule

Fig. 19-36

Mitotic apparatus of mammalian cells

Centrosome duplication and cell cycle

Microtubule motors and centrosome movement at prophase

Fig. 19-43

Capture chromosomesand stabilizing

chromosomes at the equatorial plate in metaphase

Shortening at the (+) end of kinetochore microtubules

moves chromosomes poleward in anaphase A

Spindle elongation and movement of poles during anaphase B

Whether does the spindle or the asters control location of the cleavage plane during cytokinesis?

Regulation of myosin during cytokinesis

MPF-mitosis promoting factor

Mitosis in a higher plant cell

Regulation of cell cycle

Protein factors

Cyclin

CDK-cyclin-dependent kinase

Cyclin complex G1 cyclin-CDK complexesS phase cyclin-CDK complexMitotic cyclin-CDK complex

Cell cycle inhibitors

Cell cycle promoting factor -ubiquitin ligase lead to degradation of cell cycle inhibitors

SCF and APC

Mechanisms

Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation

Activation of gene transcription and translation

Proteasome-mediated degradation

Current model for regulation of the

eukaryotic cell cycle

CDK-cyclin-dependent kinaseSCF-ubiquitin ligase

APC-anaphase promoting complex

A diffusible factor in arrested Xenopus eggs promotes meiotic maturation

Biochemical detection of cyclical synthesis and destruction of mitotic cyclin in sea urchin embryos

Isolation of cell-division cycle (CDC) genes from a S. cerevisiaegenomic library by functional complementation of cdc mutants

Using S. pombe cdc mutants to study the cell cycle regulation

Regulation of the kinase activity of S. pombe mitosis-

promoting factor by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation

Depolymerization of the nuclear lamina

The phosphorylation of human lamin a is required for lamin depolymerization

Control of entry into anaphase by APC-regulated degradation of the cohesin link between sister chromatides

The reassembly of nuclear envelop during telophase

Mammalian cyclin-CDK complexes

Using bromodeoxyuridin (BrdU) to test the function of cyclin D in mammalian cells

Checkpoint controls in cell cycle

Role of p53 in cell cycle check points