The Era Banner October 24, 2004 Newmarket air quality worse than Toronto Town had 48 days of...
28
The Era Banner October 24, 2004 Newmarket air quality worse than Toronto Town had 48 days of unsatisfactory air quality this year, ministry says • By comparison, Toronto had 39 days; Hamilton 44. • Ministry spokesperson: “While most people believe there is a clear correlation between big cities and smog, that isn’t necessarily correct. We’re seeing more localized effects. To say smog is coming up (to York Region) from Toronto isn’t correct. There’s a lot of people driving from Newmarket to Toronto. Smog is not necessarily related to industrial towns.” • Also attributed to the spokesperson: Much of the problem is from warm air filtering its way from the southern United States and passing over about 200 coal-fired energy plants before settling throughout the province. • Greg Evans (UofT): “Toronto is not the sole culprit but they certainly play a role. … As you go further upwind the concentration of ozone increases.”
-
Upload
kristina-davis -
Category
Documents
-
view
218 -
download
2
Transcript of The Era Banner October 24, 2004 Newmarket air quality worse than Toronto Town had 48 days of...
The Era Banner October 24, 2004Newmarket air quality worse than TorontoTown had 48 days of unsatisfactory air quality this year,
ministry says
• By comparison, Toronto had 39 days; Hamilton 44.• Ministry spokesperson: “While most people believe there is a clear correlation
between big cities and smog, that isn’t necessarily correct. We’re seeing more localized effects. To say smog is coming up (to York Region) from Toronto isn’t correct. There’s a lot of people driving from Newmarket to Toronto. Smog is not necessarily related to industrial towns.”
• Also attributed to the spokesperson: Much of the problem is from warm air filtering its way from the southern United States and passing over about 200 coal-fired energy plants before settling throughout the province.
• Greg Evans (UofT): “Toronto is not the sole culprit but they certainly play a role. … As you go further upwind the concentration of ozone increases.”
¤ Reporting inaccuracies
¤ Inadequate communication
¤ Poor understanding of “smog”, i.e. what is smog?
An intensive study of the size and composition of submicron ambient aerosols at a rural site in
Ontario, Canada
Maheswar Rupakheti1, W. Richard Leaitch2, Ulrike Lohmann1, Katherine Hayden2, Peter Brickell2, Gang Lu2, Shao-Meng Li2, Desiree Toom-Sauntry2, Jan W.
Bottenheim2, Jeffrey R. Brook2, Bob Vet2, Dave MacTavish2, John T. Jayne3 and Douglas R. Worsnop3
1Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada2Meteorological Service of Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
3Aerodyne Research Incorporated, Billerica, MA 01821, USA
for submission to AS&T
(1)April 1-3; (2)April 11-12; (3)April 15-16
Measurements from the U of T Chemical Engineering Building
August 21 to September 25, 2003
Richard Leaitch, Gang Lu, Desiree Toom-Sauntry, Katherine Hayden, Shao-Meng Li,, Jeffrey R. Brook (MSC)
Mahes Rupakheti and Ulrike Lohmann (Dalhousie U)
Greg Evans et al. (UofT)
U of T AMS Time Series
0
3
6
9
12
15
22-Aug 27-Aug 01-Sep 06-Sep 11-Sep 16-Sep 21-Sep 26-Sep
Date/Time
Mas
s C
once
ntra
tion
(ug/
m3)
AMS Sulphate
PILS Sulphate
U of T AMS Time Series
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
23-Aug 28-Aug 02-Sep 07-Sep 12-Sep 17-Sep 22-Sep
Date/Time
Mas
s C
once
ntra
tion
(ug/
m3)
TEOM SMPS+APS <2.5um (den = 1.5)
U of T AMS Time Series
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
23-Aug 28-Aug 02-Sep 07-Sep 12-Sep 17-Sep 22-Sep
Date/Time
Mas
s C
once
ntra
tion
(ug/
m3)
SMPS+APS <1um (den = 1.5) AMS Total
U of T AMS Time Series
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
23-Aug 28-Aug 02-Sep 07-Sep 12-Sep 17-Sep 22-Sep
Date/Time
Mas
s C
once
ntra
tion
(ug/
m3)
SMPS+APS Total (den=1.5)
SMPS+APS <1um (den=1.5)
SMPS+APS <2.5um (den=1.5)
U of T AMS 2003 - Late Summer
0
10
20
30
40
15-Aug 19-Aug 23-Aug 27-Aug 31-Aug 4-Sep 8-Sep 12-Sep 16-Sep 20-Sep 24-Sep 28-Sep
Date/Time
Mas
s C
once
ntra
tion
(ug/
m3)
Ammonium
Nitrate
Sulphate
Organics
50
40
30
20
10
0
dM
/dlo
gD
va (
µg
m-3
)
102 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1002 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1000
Vacuum Aerodynamic Diameter (nm)
Water Ammonium Nitrate Sulphate Organics Chloride
Aug 21, 1200-1300
5
4
3
2
1
0
dM
/dlo
gD
va (
µg
m-3
)
102 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1002 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1000
Vacuum Aerodynamic Diameter (nm)
ug_p43_r8670_8673 ug_p44_r8670_8673 ug_p55_r8670_8673 ug_p57_r8670_8673 ug_p69_r8670_8673 ug_p77_r8670_8673
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
dM
/dlo
gD
va (
µg
m-3
)
102 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1002 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1000
Vacuum Aerodynamic Diameter (nm)
Water Ammonium Nitrate Sulphate Organics
Sept 15 1400-1700
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
dM
/dlo
gD
va (
µg
m-3
)
102 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1002 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1000Vacuum Aerodynamic Diameter (nm)
ug_p43_r303_314 ug_p44_r303_314 ug_p55_r303_314 ug_p57_r303_314 ug_p69_r303_314 ug_p77_r303_314 ug_p83_r303_314
Summary• Rural - Egbert
– dominance of nitrate events that occur primarily during the dark hours; sulphate peaks in afternoon; oxygenated organics in the afternoon
– some smaller sulphate peaks related to trajectories from Sudbury region
– nucleation frequently observed - not shown here
• Urban - U of T
– strong sulphate signature during regional event early in study
– otherwise, organics dominate the aerosol
– no immediately obvious tendency for organic concentations to peak during day or night; will be looking more at this.
– lots of small primary carbonaceous particles
• Contrasting rural and urban
– major difference is the much higher level of secondary processing evident in the Egbert aerosol, especially the inorganic aerosol but also in the organic
– although more organic mass in smaller sizes at U of T, smaller organics occasionally at Egbert
Aug 21 1200-1300
0.01
2
4
6
80.1
2
4
6
81
2
4
6
810
Nitr
ate
Equ
ival
ent M
ass
Con
cent
ratio
n (µ
g m
-3)
1009080706050403020m/z (Daltons)
Species
Air 118 ± 0.2Water 7.4 ± 0.2Ammonium 6.04 ± 0.04Nitrate 0.756 ± 0.01Sulphate 22.7 ± 0.04Chloride 0.031 ± 0.004Organics 13.4 ± 0.05dn6_14 0.0336 ± 0.003Others -95.4 ± 0.5
