The EPI Routine Schedule of Immunization in The Phillippines

7/27/2019 The EPI Routine Schedule of Immunization in The Phillippines

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Every Wednesday is designated as

immunization day and is adopted in all parts of

the country. In barangay health station

immunization is done monthly while in far

flung areas it is done quarterly. However, some

areas adopted local practices to provide

everyday vaccination in their areas to cover all

targets.


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The standard routine immunization

schedule for infants is adopted to provide

maximum immunity against the seven

vaccine preventable diseases before a

childs birthday. A child is said to be Fully

Immunized Child When a Child receivesone Dose of BCG, 3 doses of OPV, 3 doses

of DPT, 3 doses of HB and one dose of

measles before a childs first birthday.


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VACCINE MINIMUM AGE

at 1st DOSE

NUMBER

OF DOSES

MINIMUM

INTERVAL

BETWEEN

DOSES

REASON

BCG Birth or anytimeafter birth

1 BCG is given at earliestpossible age to protects the

possibility of TB meningitis

and other TB infectious in

which infants are prone.

DPT 6 weeks 3 4 weeks An early start with DPTreduces the chance of severe

pertussis

OPV 6 weeks 3 4 weeks The extent of protection

against polio is increased the

earlier the OPV is given


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VACCINE MINIMUM AGE

at 1st DOSE

NUMBER

OF DOSES

MINIMUM

INTERVAL

BETWEEN DOSES

REASON

Hep B At birth 3 6 weeks interval

from 1st dose to

2nd dose, and 8weeks interval

from 2nd dose to

third dose

An early start of Hep B reduces the

chance of being infected and

becoming a carrier. Prevent a livercirrhosis and liver cancer.

Measles 9 months At least 85% of measles can be

prevented by immunization at thisage. Prevents deaths , malnutrition,

pneumonia, diarrhea


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Tetanus toxoid vaccination for women is

important to prevent tetanus in both motherand the baby. When two doses of TT injection

given at one month interval between each dose

during pregnancy or even before pregnancyperiod the baby is protected against neonatal

tetanus. Completing the five doses following the

schedule provide lifetime immunity.


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VACCINE MINIMUM

AGE/INTERVAL

PERCENT

PROTECTED

DURATION OF PROTECTION

TT1 As early as

possible duringpregnancy

TT2 At least 4 weeks

later

80% - Infants born to the motherwill be

protected from neonatal tetanus

- Gives 3 years protection for the

mother

TT3 At least 6

months later

95% - Infants born to the mother will be

protected from neonatal tetanus

- Gives 5 years protection for the

mother


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VACCINE MINIMUM

AGE/INTERVAL

PERCENT

PROTECTED

DURATION OF PROTECTION

TT4 At least one year

later

99% - Infants born to the

mother will be protected

from neonatal tetanus

- Gives 10 years

protection for the

motherTT5 At least one year

later

99% - Gives life time protection

for the mother

- All infants born to that

mother will be protected


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Vaccines are substances very sensitive at

various temperatures. To avoid spoilage andmaintain its potency, vaccines need to be stored

at correct temperature.


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Type/Form of Vaccines STORAGE TEMPERATUREMost sensitive to

heat

Oral Polio -15OC (at the freezer)

Measles -15oC (at the freezer)

Least sensitive to

heat

DPT/Hep B

D Toxoid which is a

weakened toxin

P Killed Bacteria

T Toxoid which is a

weakened toxin

+2oC to +8oC (in the body of

the refrigerator)

Hep B

BCG (freeze dried)

Tetanus Toxoid


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When handling, transporting and storing vaccines,special care must be given to provide quality potent

vaccines among the targets.

A first expiry and first out (FEFO) vaccine is

practiced to assure that all vaccines are utilized before its

expiry date. Proper arrangement of vaccines and or

labelling of vaccines expiry date are done to identify thosenear to expire vaccines.


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Temperature monitoring of vaccines is done in alllevels of health facilities to monitor vaccine temperature.

This is done twice a day early in the morning and in the

afternoon before going home. Temperature is plotted

everyday in a temperature monitoring chart to monitor

break in the cold chain.


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Each level of health facilities has cold chainequipment for use in the storage of vaccines. These are:

cold room, freezer, refrigerator, transport box, vaccine

carrier. Other cold chain logistics supplies includes:

thermometers, cold chain monitor, ice packs, temperaturemonitoring charts, safety collector box. These are essentials

in proper management of vaccines and other EPI logistics.


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VACCINE DOSE ROUTE OFADMINISTRATION

SITE OFADMINISTRATION

BCG Infants 0.05 ml Intradermal Right Deltoid of the Arm

DPT 0.5 ml Intramuscular Upper outer Portion of

the thigh

OPV 2 drops or

depending on

manufacturers

instructions

Oral Mouth

Measles 0.5 ml Subcutaneous Outer part of the upper

arm

Hep B 0.5 ml Intramuscular Upper outer portion of

the thigh

Tetanus Toxoid 0.5 ml Intramuscular Deltoid Region of the

upper arm


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As a nurse you need to:

Actively master list infants eligible for vaccinationin the community

Immunize infants following the recommended

immunization schedule, route of administration,correct dosage and following the proper cold chain

storage of vaccines.


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Observe aseptic technique on immunization anduse syringe and one needle per child. These reduces

blood borne diseases and promote safety injection

practices.

Dispose used syringe and needles properly by using

collector box and disposed it in the septic vault to

prevent health hazard


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Inform, educate and communicate with theparents

To create awareness/motivate to submit their childrenfor vaccination

To provide health teachings on the importance andbenefits of immunization, importance of the follow updose to avoid defaulters and normal course of vaccine

To inform immunization schedule as adopted by local

units


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Conduct health visits in the community to assessother health needs of the community and be able to

provide package of health services to targets

Identify cases of EPI target diseases per standardcase definition

Manage vaccine properly by following the

recommended storage of vaccines


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Record the children given with vaccination in thetarget client list

Submit report and record of children vaccinated,

cases and deaths on diseases, vaccine received andutilized and any other EPI related reports.


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Identify and actively search cases and deaths ofEPI target diseases following standard case

definition.


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REFERENCE:

Public Health Nursing in thePhilippines

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The EPI Routine Schedule of Immunization in The Phillippines

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