Joana Carla Soares Goncalves Associate Professor of FAUUSP jocarch29@gmail.com FEBRUARY 2016

THE ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE OF THE BRAZILIAN MODERNISM

Iconic buildings (1930 – 1964)

Background: the European legacy

Reference: Unite d’ Habitation de Marseile, 1952. Le Corbusier

ICONIC BUILDINGS

RIO DE JANEIRO SAO PAULO RECIFE

Kanchanjunga

Chales Correa, India

Edificio Maria Juliana

Recife, PE, 1985 Brasil

Thermal mass and natural ventilation Conjunto Nacional, Sao Paulo, 1963

KEY FEATURES

• solar orientation and the consequent need for solar protection

• Narrow plans, up to 12 to 15 metres (40 to 50 feet) deep, allowed for daylight and natural ventilation

• Exposed thermal mass

• Rooms opening onto outdoor spaces planted with exuberant vegetation typical of tropical equatorial climates

• Shaded public passages

• Commercial activities at ground and mezzanine levels

• Open spaces on higher floors offering views of the city

The MEC Building, Rio de Janeiro, 1945

The transitional spaces and outdoors qualified by landscape

HQ of the Sul American Bank Building, Sao Paulo, 1966

Parque Guinle, Rio de Janeiro, 1954

Lúcio Costa

Solar protection and natural

ventilation Parque Gingle Residential Complex, Rio de Janeiro

Filtering solar radiation, daylight and air flow

Louveiras Residential Complex, Sao Paulo,

1948

Residential Residential Buildings in Higienopolis, Sao Paulo

THE CLIMATE OF SAO PAULO

CASE STUDIES

Copan, Sao Paulo

COPAN

Sao Paulo

1966

1 bedroom flats

NORTHEAST SOUTHEAST

1 bedroom flat – 10th floor, F block, Northeast facade

1 bedroom flat – 9 th floor, F block, Southeast facade

“kitnets” – studio flats

Studio - 27th floor, E block Northeast facade

Studio – 27th floor, B block Southeast facade

Italia building, Sao Paulo, 1965

13th floor – naturally ventilated

East and west orientations

33rd floor – totally air conditioned

East and west orientations

The building from the air conditioned culture in Sao Paulo (1970 – today)

The contemporary

environmental approach

• Buildings take the form of linear blocks carved by open

spaces that allow for transitional zones at ground level

and above.

• Facades utilise a sensible palette of materials combined

with smaller glazed areas and incorporate horizontal and

vertical shading devices.

Joao Moura 1144, office building in

Pinheiros, Sao Paulo, built by

Ideazarvos with architectural design

from NITCHE

Box 298, office building in Vila

Madalena, Sao Paulo, built by

Ideazarvos with architectural design

from Andrade Moretin. Source:

IDEAZARVOS.

360o building, São Paulo, 2013.

Residential building in the Alto de

Pinheiros, designed by Isay Weinfeld

Vitacon Itaim Building, Marcio Kogan + Carolina Castroviejo, São Paulo, 2014.