NOUNA person, place, thing, or ideaCan be common or properIn the Olympic Peninsula of northwest Washington State, a

small town named Forks existed under a near-constant cover of clouds.

I sneaked a swift look out the window to see that Charlie was already gone.

One girl sat next to me in both Trig and Spanish, and she walked with me to the cafeteria for lunch.

Underline the nounsWhile wandering around the store, the child lost his mother and

began to cry.The Bichon Frise is known to jump high enough to grab food off

the counter.Students at Becker Middle School are some of the best writers

in the district.After building a snow fort in the backyard, my brother decided to

bury me in the snow.White chocolate mocha with whipped cream is one of my

favorite drinks from Starbucks.

Write five sentences. Include at least three proper nouns and at least ten common nouns. Underline them.

PronounReplaces a noun. Can be definite (specific) or indefinite. Antecedents are the nouns they replace.Personal pronouns = I, me, my, we, us, our, ours, she, her, hers, he, him, his, it, its, you, your“My name is Edward Cullen,” he continued. “I didn’t

have a chance to introduce myself last week. You

must be Bella Swan.”

Underline the pronouns. Draw an arrow to the antecedent.Mr. and Mrs. Smith were celebrating their twenty-fifth

wedding anniversary.Joe decided to take them to their favorite Italian

restaurant.The meal would be fairly expensive, but he had been

saving for it for a couple of months.“May I come, too?” Megan asked her brother as she

sat down.“Since I can’t afford more than three dinners,” Joe

responded, patting his sister on the arm, “you will have to pay for your meal yourself.”

Write five sentences using at least five pronouns. Underline the pronouns. Draw arrows to the antecedents.

Verb

Action verbs show mental or physical action. Linking verbs link the subject with another word that renames it or describes it. Helping verbs help action and linking verbs to express tense, mood and voice.

Linking VerbsBe, am, is, are, was, were, appear, become, feel,

look, seem, smell Example:

Dinner smells wonderful.

You seem tired today.

Mrs. Bandhauer is a teacher at Becker Middle

School.

Helping VerbsDo, does, didHave, has, hadMay, might, mustShould, would, couldIs, am, are, was, were, be, being, been

Helping VerbExamples:

Cassie was helping Katie open her stuck locker.

Brenna had walked into school only to realize she

forgot her lunch.

Emre should have brought a white chocolate mocha

to his teacher, so he could earn an “A.”

VerbAction verbs show mental or physical action. Linking verbs link the subject with another word that renames it or describes it. Helping verbs help action and linking verbs to express tense, mood and voice.

The rain had drifted away, but the wind was strong, and colder.

Edward Cullen’s back stiffened, and he turned slowly to glare at

me – his face was absurdly handsome – with piercing, hate-

filled eyes.

Verb (cont.)I made my way to English in a daze. (action verb

only)My positive opinion of his looks was damaged by the

first words out of his mouth. (action verb plus a helping verb)

The Danag was a Filipino vampire supposedly responsible for planting taro on the island. (linking verb connecting the predicate nominative – vampire to the subject – Danag)

Underline the verbs. Label the verbs correctly.Danni was running down the street chasing her dog.I am going to give you a 200 point test tomorrow.After the potatoes were mashed, and I was asleep on

the couch.The turkey smelled so good that my mouth kept

watering.You’re never alone if you’re reading a book. (This one

is tricky.)

Transitive verbs are action verbs that express an action directed toward a person or thing (direct object).Intransitive verbs are action verbs that express an action without passing the action to a receiver.Example: Transitive Steve helped his brother.

Please carry the boxes.

Intransitive The bus skidded on the wet pavement.

The woman spoke softly to the children.

Copy the sentences. Tell whether the action verb is transitive (T) or intransitive (INT). If the verb is transitive, draw an arrow to the direct object.

A blanket of warm air pulled at their anchor lines.

Thunderstorms rumbled along the edge of the storm front.

The wind nudged the smaller boats against the floating docks.

The harbor master checked the lines of the rowboats.

She climbed into one of the dinghies and started the motor.

Copy the sentences. Tell whether the action verb is transitive (T) or intransitive (INT). If the verb is transitive, draw an arrow to the direct object. (One sentence has both a transitive and an intransitive verb. )Brynn walked her dog down the street to her friend’s house.Parker played on the computer after school.Gabie stole Kaitie’s pencil from her desk.Mr. Larson coached our basketball team last year.Mrs. Schutze ran a marathon two years ago and set a new record.The decorations at Disneyland surprised me.Stephanie wrote in her journal.Bailey tripped and fell in the mud.Jake locked his bicycle in the rack in front of school.While riding his bike to school, Andres was chased by a dog.

AdjectiveDescribes a noun or pronoun. Answer one of four questions: what kind, how many, how much, which oneAs I waited, trying to pretend that the earsplitting rumble was

coming from someone else’s car, I saw the two Cullens and

the Hale twins getting into their car.

Mr. Banner backed into the room then – what superb timing the

man had – pulling a tall, metal frame on wheels that held a

heavy-looking, outdated TV and VCR.

AdverbDescribes a verb, adjective, or another adverb. Answers one of four questions: how, when, where, to what extent How?

cautiously approached, walk quietly When?

report later, will leave soon, arrive tomorrow Where?

drove down, is here, jump away To what extent?

nearly won, hardly counted, had almost left

ConjunctionConnects two or more items including clauses, phrases, or lists of ideas Coordinating conjunctions (FANBOYS)

for, and, nor, but, or, your, soMy cousin and his wife left yesterday.

(connecting nouns)They printed out directions but forgot to bring

them.(connecting verbs)

Conjunctions continued.Correlative Conjunctions

both…andneither…norwhether…oreither…ornot only…but also

Ex. The attack on Pearl Harbor was not only unexpected but also devastating.

PrepositionUsed with a noun or pronoun or noun phrase to show a relationship between the phrase and another word or words in the sentence. Often used as adjective or adverb phrases The girls said to the students. The boys played basketball at noon.

Compound prepositions-ex. The girls played in view of the gym. The girls played in back of the gym.

InterjectionA word used to express emotion within a sentence. Often onomatopoeic in nature

An interjection expresses feeling or emotion and functions independently from the rest of a sentence.Wow! I won a million dollars. (joy)Oh, I didn’t expect to hear from you. (surprise)Ouch! That hurts. (pain)Tsk! How long do they expect me to wait?

(impatience)I, uh, think we should leave now. (hesitation)