The Eiffel Tower

Overview

About the Tower Engineering Involved History Related Tourism Interesting Tidbits

About the tower… The Eiffel tower is puddle lattice tower

located on the Champ de Mars in Paris. Built in 1889, it has a global cultural icon of

france and one of the most recognizable structure in the world.

The tower stands 324m heigh..as high as a 81 storey building.

The tower is Tallest Building in paris and the most visited paid monuments in the world.

Named after its designer , Er. Gustave Eiffel….tower was built as entrance to World’s Fair.

About the tower… The tower was erected for the Paris Exposition

of 1889; Exposition Universelle in French—the Paris World’s Fair.

The Paris Exposition of 1889 was the Centennial of the French Revolution.

The Constuction Period was from January 23 1887 to March 1889—two years, two months, 5 days.

The tower was inaugurated on March 31, 1889.

Tower under construction—April 1888

Tower under construction—July 1888

Tower under construction—December 1888

Completed—May 1889

Paris World’s Fair…

Engineering Base of the Tower is on 4 piers which hold

names of the four cardinal points Each main support rests on blocks of

masonry, masonry rests on beds of concrete Concrete beds cover 60 square meters In the center of each—iron bars (25 ft, 6 in

long & 4 in thick) unite the masonry by clamps

To ensure the Tower was level, Eiffel left room for hydraulic presses at the angles of each pier

History So many people visited the Tower

in it’s 1st year that all almost all construction costs were recovered w/ticket sales

Tower was slated to only stand for 20 years, but after 20 years, it proved to be a valuable communication tool for radio broadcasting

Tallest structure in the world at original construction

When Paris fell to the Nazis in WW2, French rebels cut the cables to the elevator so Hitler had to climb stairs

History… Eiffel used open latticework of wrought iron

to help the Tower hold up to wind gusts. Wanted wind to blow through the Tower,

not against it. Even during strong winds, the Tower never

sways more than 4.5 inches.

Tourism The Tower has 3 levels for visitors. Tickets can be purchased to ascend by stairs or

by lift to first and second level. Walk from the Ground to First level is 300 steps. The third and the highest level is only accesible

by elevators. The first and the second level feature

resturants.

Staircase… Elevator…

Restaurant…

Tourism To use the stairs to the 1st & 2nd

floor it is 4,00 Euro

To go all the way to the top in the elevator it is 12,00 Euro—cheaper if we are in a group

The Tower opens at 9:30 am, and the stairs close earlier than the elevator—last lift at 11 pm

To reach the top of the Tower (276 meters), visitors must take another elevator from the second floor.

Interesting Tidbits Engineers of the

project were: Maurice Koechlin and Emile Nouguier.

Stephen Sauvestre was the architect.

Gustave Eiffel was the contractor.

Number of Iron Workers = 300

Number of Workers Killed in Construction = 1

Rivets = 2,500,000

Iron Pieces = 18,038

Interesting Tidbits, Height = 324 meters

(986 ft) +/- 15 cm depending

on temperature 1st level = 57 m 2nd level = 115 m 3rd level = 276 m Height w/ antenna =

320.755 m (1052 ft)

Weight = 7,000 tons 1000 tons removed

during renovation in 1990s

Base = 412 sq. ft (2.5 acres)

Paint = 50 tons every 7 years Paint color is actually

Dark Brown Use 3 different colors—

dark to light

Interesting Tidbits The most interesting fact of the tower is As

being one of the most iconic images in the world, the Eiffel Tower has been the inspiration for the creation of over 30 duplicates and similar towers around the world.

i.e. Black pool tower,Lasvegas,Tokyo tower,

Ismaning radio tower …& many more.

Few Replicas … Village of parizh

(Russia)

Few Replicas … Bloemfontein

Eiffel tower

Few Replicas … Paris Hotel

(las vegas)

Thank You