The Educated Citizen and The Educated Citizen and Public HealthPublic Health

Council of Colleges of Arts and Council of Colleges of Arts and SciencesSciences

November 10, 2007November 10, 2007

Richard Riegelman M.D., Ph.D.Richard Riegelman M.D., Ph.D.Professor and Founding DeanProfessor and Founding DeanGeorge Washington UniversityGeorge Washington University

School of Public Health and Health School of Public Health and Health ServicesServices

Institute of Medicine (IOM) Institute of Medicine (IOM) Recommendations*Recommendations*

• ““Public Health is an essential part Public Health is an essential part of the training of citizens”of the training of citizens”

• “…“…all undergraduates should have all undergraduates should have access to education in public access to education in public health”health”

**Gebbie K, Rosenstock L, Hernandez LM. Who will keep the public healthy? Gebbie K, Rosenstock L, Hernandez LM. Who will keep the public healthy? Educating public health professionals for the 21st century. Washington DC: Educating public health professionals for the 21st century. Washington DC: National Academy Press; 2003: 144.National Academy Press; 2003: 144.

What is Public Health?What is Public Health?

• Public Health perceived to be about poor Public Health perceived to be about poor sanitation and poor people – and it is sanitation and poor people – and it is

• Public Health is more generally about Public Health is more generally about - What makes us sick?What makes us sick?- What keeps us healthy?What keeps us healthy?- And what we can do TOGETHER about itAnd what we can do TOGETHER about it

Our common concerns and Our common concerns and Our vulnerable populationsOur vulnerable populations

Common Health ConcernsCommon Health Concerns

• Historically: Control of communicable Historically: Control of communicable diseases, environmental diseases, environmental contamination, product safetycontamination, product safety

• Emerging: Cost of health care, Emerging: Cost of health care, disaster prevention and disaster prevention and management, climate changemanagement, climate change

Vulnerable PopulationsVulnerable Populations

•Historically: Occupational, Historically: Occupational, maternal and child, persons with maternal and child, persons with disabilitiesdisabilities

•Emerging: Frail elderly, immune Emerging: Frail elderly, immune suppressed, uninsuredsuppressed, uninsured

Public Health and Daily Public Health and Daily LivingLiving

• Sanitation, refrigeration, food and drug Sanitation, refrigeration, food and drug safetysafety

• Tobacco control, highway safety, product Tobacco control, highway safety, product safetysafety

• Indoor ventilation, to public defibrillators, Indoor ventilation, to public defibrillators, to safety of the blood supplyto safety of the blood supply

Evidence-Based Public Evidence-Based Public HealthHealth

• Problem- Describe the ProblemProblem- Describe the Problem

• Cause- Identify risk factors and etiologyCause- Identify risk factors and etiology

• Interventions- Evidence-based Interventions- Evidence-based recommendationsrecommendations

• Interventions- When, Who and HowInterventions- When, Who and How

Consensus Conference on Consensus Conference on

Undergraduate Public Health EducationUndergraduate Public Health Education • SponsorsSponsors Association for Prevention Teaching and Research Association for Prevention Teaching and Research

(APTR)(APTR) Association of Schools of Public Health (ASPH)Association of Schools of Public Health (ASPH) Council of Colleges of Arts and Sciences (CCAS)Council of Colleges of Arts and Sciences (CCAS)

• ParticipantsParticipants Clinical health professions education associationsClinical health professions education associations including medicine, nursing, pharmacy including medicine, nursing, pharmacy Association of American Colleges and Association of American Colleges and

Universities (AAC&U)Universities (AAC&U) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Consensus Conference Consensus Conference Overall GoalsOverall Goals

• Aim to develop an educated citizenryAim to develop an educated citizenry

• Introduce students to a range of Introduce students to a range of career optionscareer options

• Provide experiential learning in Provide experiential learning in health e.g. service learning in local or health e.g. service learning in local or global community, community based global community, community based researchresearch

Consensus Conference Consensus Conference Recommendations- Recommendations-

CurriculumCurriculum• All colleges and universities should offer core All colleges and universities should offer core

courses e.g. “Public Health 101”, courses e.g. “Public Health 101”, “Epidemiology 101” and “Global Health 101”“Epidemiology 101” and “Global Health 101”

• Core courses should be part of general Core courses should be part of general education and fulfill distribution requirements education and fulfill distribution requirements based on recommended learning outcomesbased on recommended learning outcomes

Consensus Conference Consensus Conference MinorsMinors

• Minors should build upon core Minors should build upon core curriculumcurriculum

• Minors should include courses that Minors should include courses that build upon institutional interest build upon institutional interest and strengthsand strengths

• Minors should include experiential Minors should include experiential learning e.g. service-learninglearning e.g. service-learning

Public Health 101Public Health 101

•Designed to take a big picture Designed to take a big picture population health approach – population health approach – interdisciplinary, systems thinkinginterdisciplinary, systems thinking

•Comprehensive- Include the health care Comprehensive- Include the health care and public health systemsand public health systems

•NOT personal health and wellnessNOT personal health and wellness

Epidemiology 101: Epidemiology 101: A way of thinkingA way of thinking

• Designed to teach the scientific method Designed to teach the scientific method preparing students to read the research as preparing students to read the research as well as the newspaperwell as the newspaper

• Focused on etiology and effectiveness with Focused on etiology and effectiveness with only modest use of mathematics only modest use of mathematics

• Option for “epidemiology laboratory” with Option for “epidemiology laboratory” with applications of evidence-based thinkingapplications of evidence-based thinking

Global Health 101Global Health 101

• Added to core course recommendations Added to core course recommendations based on interest of arts and sciences based on interest of arts and sciences institutions- global learning distribution institutions- global learning distribution requirement in majority of institutionsrequirement in majority of institutions

• Extremely popular courses-touches the Extremely popular courses-touches the passion and the purpose of this passion and the purpose of this generationgeneration

Global Health 101Global Health 101

• Focused on how economics and Focused on how economics and development affect health and what works development affect health and what works to improve health- social justiceto improve health- social justice

• Includes health systems in range of Includes health systems in range of developed and developing countriesdeveloped and developing countries

• Include an evidence-based public health Include an evidence-based public health emphasis shared by Public Health 101 and emphasis shared by Public Health 101 and Epidemiology 101Epidemiology 101

““Launch” Launch” Undergraduate Public Health EducationUndergraduate Public Health Education

• MMWR reporting “essential findings” MMWR reporting “essential findings” of Consensus Conference available at of Consensus Conference available at www.cdc.gov/mmwrwww.cdc.gov/mmwr

• CDC Podcast with Julie Gerberding CDC Podcast with Julie Gerberding

available at available at www.cdc.gov/podcastwww.cdc.gov/podcast

• Publication by Council of Colleges of Publication by Council of Colleges of Arts and Sciences available at Arts and Sciences available at www.ccas.netwww.ccas.net

PresentationsPresentations• American Association of Colleges of Nursing American Association of Colleges of Nursing

(AACN)(AACN)• Association of Schools of Public Health (ASPH)Association of Schools of Public Health (ASPH)• American Public Health Association (APHA)American Public Health Association (APHA)• Association of American Medical Colleges Association of American Medical Colleges

(AAMC)(AAMC)• Council of Colleges of Arts and Sciences (CCAS)Council of Colleges of Arts and Sciences (CCAS)• Association of American Colleges and Association of American Colleges and

Universities (AAC&U)Universities (AAC&U)• Association for Prevention Teaching and Association for Prevention Teaching and

Research (APTR)Research (APTR)

Support for ImplementationSupport for Implementation

• Faculty Development ProgramFaculty Development Program

• Curriculum GuideCurriculum Guide

• Prevention Education Resource Center (PERC)Prevention Education Resource Center (PERC)

• Faculty web site, Interest Group, List Serve Faculty web site, Interest Group, List Serve

All this and more at All this and more at www.teachpublichealth.orgwww.teachpublichealth.org

Faculty Development Faculty Development ProgramProgram

• Pilot effort July 2007 over 75 Arts and Pilot effort July 2007 over 75 Arts and Sciences FacultySciences Faculty

• February 22 Undergraduate Public Health February 22 Undergraduate Public Health Day as part of APTR national meetingDay as part of APTR national meeting

• July 14-15, 2008 expanded Institute focused July 14-15, 2008 expanded Institute focused on academic Minors. Choice of seminars on on academic Minors. Choice of seminars on core courses, minors, service-learning, core courses, minors, service-learning, innovative teaching, administrative issues innovative teaching, administrative issues etc.etc.

Faculty Development InstituteFaculty Development InstituteJuly 14 & 15, 2008July 14 & 15, 2008

• Focused on institutions planning Minors Focused on institutions planning Minors with and without graduate public healthwith and without graduate public health

• RFA to partially support Teams- three RFA to partially support Teams- three faculty including public health faculty including public health practitionerpractitioner

• Applications due February 27 – seeApplications due February 27 – seewww.aacu.orgwww.aacu.org under science and health under science and health

Curriculum GuideCurriculum Guide

• Version 1.0 available for review and Version 1.0 available for review and feedback at feedback at www.ccas.netwww.ccas.net

• Includes curriculum frameworks, Includes curriculum frameworks, learning outcomes and “enduring learning outcomes and “enduring understandings” for core coursesunderstandings” for core courses

• Includes sections on service-learning, Includes sections on service-learning, student assessment, and innovative student assessment, and innovative teaching methodsteaching methods

www.teachpublichealth.orgwww.teachpublichealth.org

• Designed by APTR as web site for all those Designed by APTR as web site for all those interested in teaching undergraduate interested in teaching undergraduate public healthpublic health

• Links to PERC, faculty development, Links to PERC, faculty development, undergraduate public health day, undergraduate public health day, curriculum guide, podcast, and morecurriculum guide, podcast, and more

• Includes List Serve and information on Includes List Serve and information on Interest GroupInterest Group

Contributions of A&S to Public Contributions of A&S to Public HealthHealth

• Social Sciences including economics, public Social Sciences including economics, public policy, anthropology etc.policy, anthropology etc.

• Sciences & mathematics including biology, Sciences & mathematics including biology, chemistry/toxicology, statistics, ecology chemistry/toxicology, statistics, ecology etc.etc.

• Humanities including literature, film, Humanities including literature, film, communications & writing skills etc.communications & writing skills etc.

Potential Contributions of Public Potential Contributions of Public Health Health • Population and Global PerspectivePopulation and Global Perspective

• Interdisciplinary, systems thinking, Interdisciplinary, systems thinking, ecological orientationecological orientation

• Community orientation and community Community orientation and community connectionsconnections

• Generic pre-professional education Generic pre-professional education without narrow professional focuswithout narrow professional focus

• Teaches methods for life-long learningTeaches methods for life-long learning