The Early Middle Ages (ca. 600-900). The Early Middle Ages Middle Ages Middle Ages Any other titles...

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The Early Middle The Early Middle Ages Ages (ca. 600-900) (ca. 600-900)

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The Early Middle Ages The Middle Ages The Middle Ages 1,000-year era following “fall of Rome” 1,000-year era following “fall of Rome” Originally a negative term Originally a negative term “Middle” Ages “Middle” Ages Negative traits Negative traits Recent scholarship Recent scholarship Middle Ages was time of greatness, innovation Middle Ages was time of greatness, innovation “Middle Ages” here to stay “Middle Ages” here to stay

Transcript of The Early Middle Ages (ca. 600-900). The Early Middle Ages Middle Ages Middle Ages Any other titles...

Page 1: The Early Middle Ages (ca. 600-900). The Early Middle Ages Middle Ages Middle Ages Any other titles used for this period? Any other titles used for.

The Early Middle AgesThe Early Middle Ages(ca. 600-900)(ca. 600-900)

Page 2: The Early Middle Ages (ca. 600-900). The Early Middle Ages Middle Ages Middle Ages Any other titles used for this period? Any other titles used for.

The Early Middle AgesThe Early Middle Ages““Middle Ages”Middle Ages”

Any other titles used for this period?Any other titles used for this period?What images come to your mind?What images come to your mind?What have we been led to think about What have we been led to think about

this period?this period?

Page 3: The Early Middle Ages (ca. 600-900). The Early Middle Ages Middle Ages Middle Ages Any other titles used for this period? Any other titles used for.

The Early Middle AgesThe Early Middle AgesThe Middle AgesThe Middle Ages

1,000-year era following “fall of Rome”1,000-year era following “fall of Rome”Originally a negative termOriginally a negative term

““Middle” AgesMiddle” Ages Negative traitsNegative traits

Recent scholarshipRecent scholarshipMiddle Ages was time of greatness, Middle Ages was time of greatness,

innovationinnovation““Middle Ages” here to stayMiddle Ages” here to stay

Page 4: The Early Middle Ages (ca. 600-900). The Early Middle Ages Middle Ages Middle Ages Any other titles used for this period? Any other titles used for.

The Rise of Islam

The Arabian Peninsula Desert Home of Arabs

Loyal to tribes No centralized authority Pastoral nomads

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The Rise of Islam

The Ka’ba

Arabian Religion Animistic, pagan Mecca

Commercial center of Arabia

Religious center Ka’ba

Pilgrimage site Brought money to city

Page 6: The Early Middle Ages (ca. 600-900). The Early Middle Ages Middle Ages Middle Ages Any other titles used for this period? Any other titles used for.

The Rise of Islam

Muhammad (570-632) Born in Mecca Involved in Meccan caravan trade Spiritual man Prophet of Islam

Angel Gabriel worship God alone (ca. 610) Continued revelations Must preach to others

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The Rise of Islam Islam on the Rise

Preached in Mecca Gained converts

UMMAH Overall response was

negative Flight of Muhammad

Invited to Medina Hijrah (622) Gained power base,

subdued enemies

Page 8: The Early Middle Ages (ca. 600-900). The Early Middle Ages Middle Ages Middle Ages Any other titles used for this period? Any other titles used for.

The Rise of Islam Islam on the Rise:

Return to Mecca Ummah wanted to see

city converted March on Mecca (630)

Muhammad, 10,000 men Offer made to city,

accepted by religious leaders

Muhammad entered city Cleansed Ka’ba

March on Mecca

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The Rise of Islam Questions?

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The Rise of Islam

Dome of the Rock (687-692), Jerusalem

Islam “Submission to God” Five Pillars of Islam

“There is no God but Allah and Muhammad is His Prophet”

Pray 5 times daily toward Mecca

Ramadan Almsgiving Pilgrimage to Mecca

MOSQUE

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The Rise of Islam The Quran

Muhammad’s revelations Teachings

Absolute monotheism “People of the Book” Jesus was an apostle,

prophet of God “God forbid that he should

have a son!” (4:171) Judgment on Last Day Make war on infidels

Jihad

Page 12: The Early Middle Ages (ca. 600-900). The Early Middle Ages Middle Ages Middle Ages Any other titles used for this period? Any other titles used for.

The Rise of Islam

Islamic Conquests (622-733)

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The Rise of Islam

Why the Successful Conquest? Arabs were fighters! Exhausted opponents Toleration of other

monotheists No forced conversions Relied on other

monotheists’ leaders Non-Muslims not equal to

Muslims

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The Rise of Islam The Caliphs

Muhammad died 632 Successor? THE CALIPHATE

Caliphs: successors of Muhammad First were early converts, from inner circle of Prophet Office was political, religious

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The Rise of Islam

Page 16: The Early Middle Ages (ca. 600-900). The Early Middle Ages Middle Ages Middle Ages Any other titles used for this period? Any other titles used for.

The Rise of Islam The Culture of the Islamic World

The “great” civilization of the time Science, mathematics Literature, books, libraries

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The Rise of Islam

Khadijah

Status of Women Women in the Quran

Men may have up to four wives

Wives to be treated equally

Some inheritance rights granted

Khadijah was first convert

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The Rise of Islam Questions?

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The Byzantine Empire

The Byzantine Empire Remnants of Eastern

Roman Empire Constantinople survived Strong army, navy “GREEK FIRE”

Weapon at sea Combustible!

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The Byzantine Empire

Greek Fire

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The Byzantine Empire

Virgin and Child between

Sts. Theodore and George,

6th or early 7th cent.

The Iconoclastic Controversy Emperors ordered

destruction of icons (726) Controversy: iconoclasts

vs. iconodules Iconoclasm first

condemned at Nicaea II (787)

Iconoclasm resurged, condemned for good 843

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The Byzantine Empire Questions?

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The Rise of the West The West during the Early Middle Ages

Italy, British Isles, Spain, Kingdom of the Franks Traits of West

Impoverished Fragmented Roman cities were shadows of antiquity Disintegrated infrastructure

Historical surprise: West came to dominate the world!

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The Rise of the West

Kingdom of the Franks Dominant in Western

Europe Unified by 700 Catholic Ruled by Merovingians

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The Rise of the West

Battle of Poitiers

The Carolingians CHARLES MARTEL

(d. 741) Halted Muslim advance

at Battle of Poitiers (732-33)

Family deposed last Merovingian king

Allied with papacy

Page 26: The Early Middle Ages (ca. 600-900). The Early Middle Ages Middle Ages Middle Ages Any other titles used for this period? Any other titles used for.

The Rise of the West

Charlemagne (r. 768-814) Devoutly Christian Promoted education His government

Ruled “by God’s will” Local rule: counts Missi dominici

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The Rise of the West Emperor Charlemagne

Pope faced hostility in Rome Charlemagne

To Rome Pope returned with

Frankish escort Charlemagne arrived soon

after Crowned augustus

Christmas Day, 800 Emperor Charlemagne

and “new” Roman Empire?

Page 28: The Early Middle Ages (ca. 600-900). The Early Middle Ages Middle Ages Middle Ages Any other titles used for this period? Any other titles used for.

The Rise of the West

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The Rise of the West

The Disintegration of the Carolingian Empire Empire divided in three Centralized government

vanished Foreign invasion,

fragmentation collapse

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The Rise of the West Questions?

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The Early Middle AgesThe Early Middle AgesHow was this world different from the How was this world different from the

ancient world?ancient world?Politically?Politically?Religiously?Religiously?Culturally?Culturally?


Dates of the Middle Ages Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500.

Dates of the Middle Ages Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500.

Historical Fiction – The Middle Ages. Medieval Historical Fiction – Other Titles by the Same Authors.

Historical Fiction – The Middle Ages. Medieval Historical Fiction – Other Titles by the Same Authors.

ยุคกลาง Medieval Ages Middle Ages The Church · ยุคกลาง : Medieval Ages / Middle Ages ชนเผ่าแฟรงก์ : Frankish Tribes ในยุคกลาง

ยุคกลาง Medieval Ages Middle Ages The Church · ยุคกลาง : Medieval Ages / Middle Ages ชนเผ่าแฟรงก์ : Frankish Tribes ในยุคกลาง

PeriodizationPeriodization Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500.

PeriodizationPeriodization Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500.

Middle Ages Early Middle Ages (400-800 A.D.) Feudal Ages or Central Middle Ages (800-1050 A.D.) High Middle Ages (1050-1300 A.D.) Late Middle Ages or.

Middle Ages Early Middle Ages (400-800 A.D.) Feudal Ages or Central Middle Ages (800-1050 A.D.) High Middle Ages (1050-1300 A.D.) Late Middle Ages or.

The Rise of Europe. Dates of the Middle Ages Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500.

The Rise of Europe. Dates of the Middle Ages Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500.

PeriodsPeriods Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500.

PeriodsPeriods Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500.

MIDDLE AGES-REVIVAL. DIVISIONS OF THE MIDDLE AGES 500-1000: Early Middle Ages 1000-1300: High Middle Ages 1300-1500: Late Middle Ages.

MIDDLE AGES-REVIVAL. DIVISIONS OF THE MIDDLE AGES 500-1000: Early Middle Ages 1000-1300: High Middle Ages 1300-1500: Late Middle Ages.

Middle Ages / Dark Ages

Middle Ages / Dark Ages

GLOBAL HISTORY REVIEW. The Middle Ages Early Middle Ages: The Dark Ages.

GLOBAL HISTORY REVIEW. The Middle Ages Early Middle Ages: The Dark Ages.

Europe During the Middle Ages World History. Time Periods Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500.

Europe During the Middle Ages World History. Time Periods Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500.

Periodization CE Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500.

Periodization CE Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500.

Periodization Early Middle Ages 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages 1250 - 1500.

Periodization Early Middle Ages 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages 1250 - 1500.

Middle ages

Middle ages

Middle Ages Timeline Early Middle Ages 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages 1000 - 1500.

Middle Ages Timeline Early Middle Ages 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages 1000 - 1500.

The Early and High Middle Ages. Middle Ages Early Middle Ages 5th to 10th centuries Dark Ages Period of disorder and decline High Middle Ages.

The Early and High Middle Ages. Middle Ages Early Middle Ages 5th to 10th centuries Dark Ages Period of disorder and decline High Middle Ages.

THE MIDDLE AGES · THE MIDDLE AGES •The Middle Ages can be divided into two periods: Early Middle Ages – 476-1050CE (the “Dark Ages”) Late Middle Ages – 1050-1450CE. THE

THE MIDDLE AGES · THE MIDDLE AGES •The Middle Ages can be divided into two periods: Early Middle Ages – 476-1050CE (the “Dark Ages”) Late Middle Ages – 1050-1450CE. THE

What were the Middle Ages?. PeriodsPeriods Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500.

What were the Middle Ages?. PeriodsPeriods Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000 High Middle Ages: 1000 – 1250 Late Middle Ages: 1250 - 1500.