The Dublin Region
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Transcript of The Dublin Region
The Dublin Region
Learning IntentionUnderstand how the physical Understand how the physical characteristics of the Dublin region can characteristics of the Dublin region can affect the area and its people, both affect the area and its people, both economically and socially.economically and socially.
Analyse the interaction between physical, Analyse the interaction between physical, economic and human processes in the economic and human processes in the region.region.
Compare and contrast the characteristics of Compare and contrast the characteristics of the Dublin region and the West of Ireland.the Dublin region and the West of Ireland.
Today’s Learning.....
Identify the region on a map of Ireland.
Draw an outline sketch map of Ireland.
Show the boundary of the Dublin region on this sketch map.
Identify a number of features in the region.
Map
Draw an outline sketch map of Ireland.
Mark and identify the Dublin region.
Locate and mark in; A river in the region A mountain range A mainCommunication link The main urban
centre
Todays Learning Intention
Review some general characteristics of the Dublin region
Examine the Dublin region’s physical processes Climate Soil Relief Drainage
Core Region
• It is a focal point/nodal point of the main road and rail
networks (with two sea ports and an international port).
• It is the financial and administrative capital (with the
seat of government).
• Well-drained lowland area with fertile soils and sheltered
harbours.
• High population density – 1 million people
• In-migration.
• Attracts industry due to young, educated workforce.
• It is a quickly growing region.
Climate Cool temperate
oceanic/maritime Warmer and drier than the
Western Region Temperatures: 16 ˚C in the
summer and average 5.5˚C in the winter
Rainfall: 800 mm of rainfall annually
Rainfall is lower than elsewhere in country
Rain shadow effect: most precipitation is lost before the Atlantic depressions reach the Dublin region
Rain-bearing south-westerly winds have less impact in this region
Daylight: the region receives
4 hrs sunshine per day
Growing season: is
approximately 270 days
Coastal location: less frost
in spring
Crops planted in the Dublin
region ripen earlier than
crops elsewhere
Soil
Brown earths Deep fertile soil - easily cultivated High humus content - deciduous forests covered
the region Alluvial deposits- local rivers Blanket bogs- Dublin Mountains
Market Gardening
North Dublin Marine, light, sandy soils Free draining Ideal for market gardening/horticulture
Growing salad crops in green houses for a nearby urban market
Relief & Drainage
Mainly lowland Undulating towards the north and west Good drainage Main rock type-limestone Permeable sedimentary rock -allows
water to drain freely Well-drained; River Liffey, Tolka and
Dodder
Pair-share....
Climate type? Hours of Sunshine? Temperature range? Days in the growing
season? Annual rainfall? Less frost..why? Main soil type? Main rock type? 3 rivers?
Comparison Table
Physical Characteristics
West of Ireland
Dublin Region
Climate
Soil
Relief
Drainage
Agriculture
Dublin region is highly productive and commercial Area only has about 1,500 farms,1% of the national
total Highly urbanised Farm incomes 40% higher than the national average Lowland Highly mechanised and
intensive E.g. -region produces
11% of the national wheat crop and 15% of the national potato crop
Deep, fertile soils High yields of tillage crops e.g. wheat
and barley Malting barley is used for the brewing
and distilling industry Protein-rich barley is used for animal
feed Farming output is high due to
demands of a nearby large and wealthy urban market
Due to close proximity to Dublin city transport costs are low
Age profile of farmers is lower than in the West Farmers are well educated – use a market orientated
and scientific approach Farmers specialise in market
gardening – migrant workers from Dublin city are used for labour
Cabbage & Onions main crops Farms are constantly under
threat from urban sprawl – encouraging farming to be intensive and profitable
Fishing
Main fishing port -Howth Third largest port in Ireland Value -€5 million Dublin Bay prawns- 40% of total shellfish
exported
Challenges...
Fishing declining Overfishing-1960s 35% of fish landed in Ireland-caught in
Dublin ports 3 % in 2000 Aquaculture limited Irish Sea more polluted than Atlantic
Ocean
Exam Question
Describe and explain any two physical factors that have influenced the development of agriculture in an Irish region studied by you. (30m)
Secondary Economic Activities 25% Ireland’s manufacturing
industries 40% of people employed in the
manufacturing sector are in this region
Nodal point: a focus of routeways, rail and air networks
EU and worldwide markets Direct governmental involvement
during the 1990s resulted in 60% of all new industry developed in Dublin region
Low rate of corporate tax of 12.5% for new industries
Modern infrastructure, state-of-the-art telecommunication links and easily accessible industrial estates
Abundant well-educated workforce 80% of Ireland’s colleges are located in
the region
Low age profile- 45% of population under 25 years of age
Industrial output per worker is higher Manufacturing wages 10% higher
than the national average People of the Dublin region are
generally wealthier, this attracts producers of luxury-based goods
Location of the largest financial services sector in the country is in the IFSC in Dublin: businesses can avail of its financial management and business development advice services
Location of Industry
Traditional brewing and distilling, e.g. Guinness, and printing, e.g. Irish Independent
Modern growth industries of internet technology, e.g. Google, and pharmaceutical, e.g. Pfizer
Traditionally located within the city limits because of close proximity to the port and a good supply of local manual labour
Newer industries have tended to locate on the outskirts of Dublin city in close proximity to the M50 & Port Tunnel as it is easily accessible
Close to a large labour pool in the satellite towns More spacious sites available
Case Study
Wyeth/Pfizer Biopharmaceutical in Clondalkin
95 %of people employed in the plant have third level qualifications
Employs over 1,000 people
Just off the M50 Major contributor to
scientific research in Ireland Invested over €640 million
in Science Foundation Ireland
Manufacturing is also now widely dispersed
5 of the world’s top 10 software companies located here (Microsoft/Google)
Dublin region is highly dependent on foreign investment with over 800 of its companies from overseas and 350 of those US-based companies
Dependence on foreign investment is an issue that can worry the Irish government
However….
Irish Times; Sat 23rd Feb 2013 Since the beginning of this year, some 27 overseas
companies have announced new investments in Dublin involving the creation of more than 2,500 jobs across a variant of knowledge intensive sectors. Among these are household names such as PayPal, LinkedIn, Dell, Symantec, Allianz, Pfizer, Google and Accenture.
“Dublin is the engine of growth for foreign direct investment in Ireland,” says IDA chief executive Barry O’Leary. “Internationally, the city continues to become increasingly attractive to overseas investors, with a highly flexible talent pool offering and a strong cluster of world leading companies growing their presence.”
Exam Question
Describe and explain the development of secondary economic activities in an Irish region you have studied. (30m)
Explain two factors which influence either agriculture or industry in one Irish region studied by you. (30m)
Tourism
The region is the main point of entry for visitors to the country
Benefited from the removal of Shannon as a stopover point
27 per cent of Irish visitors stay in region Tourism earns €1 billion for the region
annually In 2008 over 4 million tourists visited Dublin 90 per cent of all scheduled air flights to Ireland
land at Dublin airport A year round business
Main Tourist Attractions
Trinity College- Book of Kells Christchurch Cathedral Dublin Castle Four Courts Guinness Storehouse Museums Croke Park
Transport
Most efficient transport system in the country
Governmental investment under the NDP
Dublin port processes 50% of Irish trade Dublin airport is the largest in the
country and a major employer; it handled 20.9 million passengers in 2009
Well developed public transport system with Dublin Bus, DART (Dublin Area Rapid Transit) and the LUAS light rail system
Suffers badly from traffic congestion
Transport
90% of all commercial transport is by road
In 1997 during peak times traffic speed had been reduced in the city to 14 km per hour
Introduced the Transport 21 scheme In 2006 construction of Dublin Port
Tunnel Upgrade the M50 Terminal 2 in Dublin Airport opened
in 2010
Future Planning… Expansion of the DART lines to double
its capacity Expansion of QBCs New Luas lines Metro system A fivefold increase in taxi numbers Government need to introduce a
policy of higher density housing along public transport routes
This is in line with the European model of cities
Urban infill (inner city renewal & regeneration) is also a policy that could be investigated
Exam Question
Exam Question
Examine the development of tertiary economic activities in an Irish region that you have studied. (30m)
Revision Quiz... Round 1
1.Climate type? 2. Hours of Sunshine? 3. Temperature range? 4. Days in the growing season? 5. Annual rainfall? 6. Less frost..why? 7. Main soil type? 8. Main rock type? 9. 3 rivers?
10. Number of farms?
Revision Quiz...Round 2
1. Length of growing season? 2. Main market gardening crops? 3. Main fishing port? 4. Brewing company? 5. Number employed in Wyeth/Pfizer 6. % in Wyeth/Pfizer with 3rd level qualifications? 7. % of flights landing in Dublin? 8. Book of Kells stored here? 9. Dublin’s light rail system?
10. Year that airport T2 opened?
Urban – Rural Development / The Growth of Dublin
‘The boundaries of a city have expanded over time.’ Discuss.
Textbook page 268 - 270