The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform Act - An Update

CERD 2008

Digitálny signál v sieťach káblovej televízieUPC BROADBAND SLOVAKIA

1

UPC BROADBAND SLOVAKIA

Ing. Robert ŤavodaUPC BROADBAND SLOVAKIA, s.r.o.Bratislava

CERD 2008

Digitalizácia sa stala fenoménom dneška.Sme svedkami pretekov v rôznych „disciplínach“.V každom prípade ide o behy na dlhé trate. Hlavný

dôvod – nie je to lacný „šport“Kto skôr, kto lepšie, kto viac programov, kto kvalitnejšie.Je to boj o zákazníka a v našich podmienkach – za

2

Je to boj o zákazníka a v našich podmienkach – za každú cenu.

Súboj kábloviek s IPTV.Dúfame, že vyhrá zákazník.Čo je to vlastne digitalizácia v sieťach káblovej televízie?Veľa nových pojmov, skratiek – útok na vnemy

zákazníkov

CERD 2008

Štandard DVBDVB-T terestrické vysielanieDVB-C vysielanie v káblových sieťachDVB-S vysielanie zo satelituKaždý má iné vlastnosti, dané najmä vlastnosťami

prostredia, ktorým sa šíria.

3

prostredia, ktorým sa šíria.MPEG štandard hovorí o premene obrázkov do

digitálnej formy, mooving JPEGStupeň kompresie je daný číslom (2, 4)Pre káblové televízie v Európe je daná šírka pásma 8

MHz. Tomu treba podriadiť frekvenčný raster umiestnenia kanála. Nie je to tak jednoduché.

CERD 2008

• Modulation Type

• QPSK > Information is in the phase• Amplitude errors no problem• 8 Channels = 40 MHz

• QAM > Info is in phase + amplitude

Transmission Path

SAT > long unshielded distanceamplitude errors occur

large available bandwidth

Cable > shielded by metal braid

4

• QAM > Info is in phase + amplitude• more information / symbol• 8 Channels = 8 MHz

• OFDM > Wait for echoes of symbols• Slow modulation type• requires multiple carriers

Cable > shielded by metal braidless amplitude and phase err.small available bandwidth

Terr. > reflections between housessmall bandwidth

CERD 2008

Vytvorenie digitálneho signálu

5

CERD 2008

Compressed information is sensitive. Each byte contains the condensed information of many bytes before compression

Loosing several bytes can create a blocky picture

Repeating and shuffling information protects from transmission or carrier loss This is called FEC Forward Error Correction (3/4 2/3 7/8 …)

Reed Solomoncode protects from modulation errors by building a checksum

6

Reed Solomoncode protects from modulation errors by building a checksum of the array of numbers. Missing Bits can be replaced.

The checksum must be transmitted with the signal. It has 16 Bytes. ThereforeNet Data rate 188Bytes per Elementary streamGross Data rate 204Bytes per Elementary stream with RS

code

The RS is used up at the receiver and newly created before another modulation. This is why transmodulators “refresh” the signal

CERD 2008

7

CERD 2008

Analog TVLevel (dBµV) 60C/N (dB) 44CTB (dB) 57 (modulated)CSO (dB) 57 (modulated)

8

DVB 64QAM 256QAMLevel (dBµV) 47 53C/N (dB) 32 38MER (dB) 32 35BER 10-8 10-8

CERD 2008

What is what ?Bright Green

Stuffing Bits(min

3-5 Mbit/s)Big Streams Video

9

Small Streams Audio and Data

Full TS has max Data ratesUp to 38 Mbit/s for QAM 64Up to 51 Mbit/s for QAM 256

CERD 2008

If all programs are CBR Stuffing bits can be less than 1Mbit/sBecause no reserve for fluctuation is required.

AV encoder produces constant bit rate regardless of content.

10

Choose high bit rate at encoder to allow good encoding of lively pictures.

Low bit rate (3 Mbit/s) will be OK for News or Cartoon but causes mushy picture at Sports.

CERD 2008

Cable Cable Satellite Satellite Satellite Satellite Terrestrial

Bandwidth8 MHz 8 MHz 36 MHz 36 MHz 36 MHz 36 MHz 8 MHz

Modulation64QAM 256QAM QPSK 8PSK 16PSK 16QAM 8VSB

Bit Rate41 Mbps 55 Mbps 58 Mbps 78 Mbps 96 Mbps 100 Mbps 25 Mbps

SD Channels

11

SD Channels(4 Mbps Each)

10 13 14 19 24 25 4

HD Channels (15 Mbps Each)

2(Plus 2 SD)

3(Plus 2 SD)

3(Plus 2 SD)

5(Plus 0 SD)

6(Plus 1 SD)

6(Plus 2 SD)

1(Plus 2 SD)

MPEG4 HD(8 Mbps Each) 5

(Plus 0 SD)6

(Plus 1 SD)7

(Plus 0 SD)9

(Plus 1 SD)12

(Plus 0 SD)12

(Plus 1 SD)3

(Plus 0 SD)

WM - VC9 HD(8 Mbps Each) 5

(Plus 0 SD)6

(Plus 1 SD)7

(Plus 0 SD)9

(Plus 1 SD)12

(Plus 0 SD)12

(Plus 1 SD)3

(Plus 0 SD)

Backup

Main

SAT

FM

Mod

94181

Scienti fi

c At lanta

SAT

FM

Mod

94181

Scienti fi

c At lanta

SAT

FM

Mod

94181

Scienti fi

c At lanta

SAT

FM

Mod

94181

Scienti fi

c At lanta

SAT

FM

Mo d

94181

Scientif i

c A tl anta

SAT

FM

Mo d

94181

Scientif i

c A tl anta

SAT

FM

Mo d

94181

Scientif i

c A tl anta

SAT

FM

Mo d

94181

Scientif i

c A tl anta

SAT

FM

Mo d

94181

Scientif i

c A tl anta

SAT

FM

Mo d

94181

Scientif i

c A tl anta

SAT

FM

Mo d

94181

Scientif i

c A tl anta

SAT

FM

Mo d

94181

Scientif i

c A tl anta

HFC

Continuum DVP eXtra Dense QAM Array 24

4 x QAM

4 x QAM

4 x QAM

4 x QAM

4 x QAM

4 x QAM

IP Conax ECM

XDQA24 with 2 QAM card –each have 4 QAM ch in 2+2 (2 connectors with 2ch)

Ter. ATV

Astra 2A

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

QPSK

MAIN HEADEND

SAT

IF

Router

Sirius

Hot Bird

Astra 19,2E

Thor III

ORF1

Markiza

J@J TV

MTV

ORF2 U

p Con

verter94

312

Scientific Atlanta

Mestsky kanal

Galaxy Sport

VH1

PRO 7

Prima

CT 2

Extreme Sport

Minimax Music

Zone Romantic

Duna TV

Zone Reality

TV Nautic

Blue Hustler

TA 3

CT 1

KI. KA.

Jetix

Discovery

Music Box SL

Eurosport

CNN

MTV Europe

Arirang

Hallmark CZ

ORT International

ARTE

DW

Animal Planet

National Geographic

Eurosport

Travel

TV Deco

Mod

ula

tor9

419

4

Scientific Atlanta

U

p Con

verter94

312

Scientific Atlanta

Mod

ula

tor

9419

4

Scientific Atlanta

U

p Con

verter

94312

Scientific Atlanta

Mod

ulat

or9

419

4

Scientific Atlanta

U

p Conve

rter94

312

Scientific Atlanta

M

odul

ato

r94

194

Scientific Atlanta

Up C

onverte

r9431

2

Scientific Atlanta

Modu

lat

or9

419

4

Scientific Atlanta

Up

Conve

rter94

312

Scientific Atlanta

Mo

dul

ato

r94

194

Scientific Atlanta

Up C

onverte

r9431

2

Scientific Atlanta

Mo

dul

at

Scientific Atl

Up C

onve

Scientific Atlanta

M

I

R

A

MARCO POLO MKII

TV Demodulator

System

Remote

Selection

Monitoring

STV1

STV2

Mod

ula

tor9

419

4

Scientific Atlanta

U

p Con

verter94

312

Scientific Atlanta

TVA

RF

Combiner

IF

Generator PC – Audio/Video

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

DVB

SELECT

Commercial DecoderD9844

DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


<

DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


<

DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELEC

Commercial DecoderD98D

SEL

Commercial Dec

SCommerc

D9844 – IRD – SAT RX of Local

Satellite

Mo

dul

ator

941

94

Scientific Atlanta

Up C

onverter

94312

Scientific Atlanta

V/A

Continuum DVP eXtra Dense QAM Array 24

4 x QAM

4 x QAM

4 x QAM

4 x QAM

4 x QAM

4 x QAM

RF Combiner

ROSA Element Manager

CONAX ECMG

Eventis

NITaNIToSDTaSDToEIT p/f aEIT p/f oTOT

12

Main

Backup

ROSA

DRAWN BY

Hadzima / Jessens

PAGE

3 OF 3

DATE

August, 2006

an-dig headend upc slovak ahsjv2.vsd

UPC Analog + Digital HE

TITLERS232/RS485

ASI/Digital Video/Audio

TCP/IP

Hard Contact

RF

Analog Video/Audio

Bus Connection

LEGEND

3xHUB 24ports

Eutelsat

QPSK

Thor III

Fashion TV

Husler TV

TV Paprika

Zone Klub

RTL Television

BBC World

Sport 1

TV5 Europe

Euronews

TV Polonia

M2

Film +

tor

941

94

anta

verter

94312

a

Modu

lat

or9

419

4

Scientific Atlanta

Up

Conve

rter94

312

Scientific Atlanta

Mo

dul

ato

r941

94

Scientific Atlanta

Up C

onverte

r94312

Scientific Atlanta

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

V/A

TD9844

VB

ECT

DecoderD9844

DVB

ELECT

mercial DecoderD9844

DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


<

DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


DVB

SELECT


<

DVB

SELECT

Commercial DecoderD9844D9844 - IRD

ASI – 1ch/stream

4x D9616

DCM

Master

Continuum DVP Re-Multiplexer and Transport Stream Processor

1GbEASI Rou ter

96x96

ASI – 16 ports


ASI – 16 ports


ASI – 16 ports


ASI – 16 ports

ASI Rou ter

1GbE

COPERNICUS ROSA Network Management Server

COM1 COM3

COM4COM2

COM5 COM6 COM7 COM8

SI information

DCMDigital Content Manager D9900


ASI – 16 ports

DCMDigital Content Manager D9900

Rural areas and MMDS. HE scheme.

13

CERD 2008

14

CERD 2008

Záver

Prítomnosť, budúcnosť

•HDTV kvalita a podmienky (TV prijímače)

•Boxy – kvalita, viac vlastností, jednoduchšia obsluha

•ďalšie služby – závisia od zákazníka (VoD, NVoD) na verejnosti prebieha diskreditácia týchto pojmov – používané bez toho, aby

15

prebieha diskreditácia týchto pojmov – používané bez toho, aby bolo jasné o čo ide

•Interaktivita v spojení s internetom

•Osveta

CERD 2008

Poďakovanie

V tejto prezentácii boli použité podklady spoločnosti WISI, osobitne od p. Mathiasa Heina a spoločnosti Scientific Atlanta

16

Ďakujem za pozornosť

The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform Act - An Update

Documents

Transcript of The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform Act - An Update