The Direct Measurement of Technological Innovation in Business

Curitiba29-31 August 2000

Daniele Archibugi and Giorgio Sirilli

Institute for Studies on Scientific Research and Documentation National Research Council of Italy

Period 1960's-1970's 1980's-early1990's

1990's - nextmillennium

Model Linear model Chain-linkedmodel

Systemsapproaches

Conception Simple Complex Extremelycomplex

Number ofindicators

Few(R&D, patents,TBP)

Many(R&D, patents,bibliometrics,innovation, hightech products,humanresources)

Too many(combinationsof existing andpossibly newindicators,quantitative/qualitative)

Development of indicators

Institute for Studies on Scientific Research and Documentation National Research Council of Italy

Institute for Studies on Scientific Research and Documentation National Research Council of Italy

The exponential growth of S&T indicators at the international level

Decades 50s and 60s 70s 80s 90s

Main indicators used Re&D Re&D Re&D Re&DPatents Patents PatentsTechnological balance Technological balance Technological balanceof payments of payments of payments

High-tech products High-tech productsand sectors and sectorsBibliometrics BibliometricsHuman resources Human resources

Innovation surveys Innovation surveysInnovations mentioned intechnical literatureSurveys of productiontechnologiesGovernment support toindustrial technologyIntangible investmentIndicators of informationand communication technologiesInput-Output matrixes *Productivity *Venture capital *Mergers and acquisitions *

* Indicators mutuated from economic analysis.

Institute for Studies on Scientific Research and Documentation National Research Council of Italy

Institute for Studies on Scientific Research and Documentation National Research Council of Italy

Institute for Studies on Scientific Research and Documentation National Research Council of Italy

Institute for Studies on Scientific Research and Documentation National Research Council of Italy

Institute for Studies on Scientific Research and Documentation National Research Council of Italy

Institute for Studies on Scientific Research and Documentation National Research Council of Italy

Institute for Studies on Scientific Research and Documentation National Research Council of Italy

Freeman Perez

• Incremental innovations• Radical innovations• Changes of technology systems• Changes in techno-economic

paradigm (technological revolutios)

• yes• yes• no• no

Institute for Studies on Scientific Research and Documentation National Research Council of Italy

R&D25%Design

7%

Know-how3%

Software15%

Marketing2%

Investment46%

Training2%

Innovation expenditure of Italian service firms