THE CRUSADES
-
Upload
lenore-fields -
Category
Documents
-
view
25 -
download
0
description
Transcript of THE CRUSADES
![Page 1: THE CRUSADES](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081603/568138f1550346895da0a756/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
THE CRUSADES
A Quest for the Holy Land
![Page 2: THE CRUSADES](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081603/568138f1550346895da0a756/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Crusades
• A long series or Wars between Christians and Muslims
• They fought over control of Jerusalem which was called the Holy Land because it was the region where Jesus had lived, preached and died
![Page 3: THE CRUSADES](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081603/568138f1550346895da0a756/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Causes of the Crusades
Muslim Turks captured Jerusalemfrom the Byzantine
Empire
Muslims stoppedChristians from
Visiting Holy Land
Christian pilgrimswere attacked
Byzantine Empirefeared attack on Constantinople
![Page 4: THE CRUSADES](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081603/568138f1550346895da0a756/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The Call to Arms
• Pope Urban II called for the defeat of the Turks, returning the Holy Land to the Christians
![Page 5: THE CRUSADES](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081603/568138f1550346895da0a756/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Who Answered the Call?
•Feudal Lords
•Knights
•Peasants
![Page 6: THE CRUSADES](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081603/568138f1550346895da0a756/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The First Crusade (1096-1099)
• Peasant army– Untrained– Lacked military equipment
– Many killed by Muslim Turks
• Knights– Succeeded in capturing Jerusalem
![Page 7: THE CRUSADES](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081603/568138f1550346895da0a756/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Second Crusade (1147-1149)
• After victory many Christians went back home.
• The Turks eventually took back much of the territory.
• King of France and Emperor of Germany sent troops to stop the Turks.
![Page 8: THE CRUSADES](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081603/568138f1550346895da0a756/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Second Crusade (1147-1149)
• Saladin leads the Muslim Turks to victory, defeating the Christians
• * He was considered a very wise ruler. He was known for his sometimes kind treatment of fallen enemies. Many Christians saw him as a model of knightly chivalry.
![Page 9: THE CRUSADES](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081603/568138f1550346895da0a756/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Third Crusade (1189-1192)
• King Richard of England convinces the Turks to allow Christians to visit the Holy Land
![Page 10: THE CRUSADES](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081603/568138f1550346895da0a756/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Crusades Continue Through 1200’s
• Several more crusades attempted with no victories for the Christians
• Children’s crusade, - 30,000 soldiers - many of them under 12 years old – Never made it to the Holy Land
![Page 11: THE CRUSADES](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081603/568138f1550346895da0a756/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The Fall of Constantinople• in 1204, the
Crusaders attacked, conquered, and pillaged the city of Constantinople, a goal that the Muslims had been trying achieve for centuries
![Page 12: THE CRUSADES](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081603/568138f1550346895da0a756/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Conquered by the Ottoman Turks
• In 1453, the city was finally and permanently conquered by the Ottoman Turks and renamed Istanbul. Byzantine culture, law, and administration came to its final end.
![Page 13: THE CRUSADES](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081603/568138f1550346895da0a756/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Contribution to Western Civilization
• Throughout the early Middle Ages, the Byzantine Empire remained a protective barrier between western Europe and hostile Persian, Arab, and Turkish armies.
• The Byzantines were also a major conduit of classical learning and science into the West down to the Renaissance. While western Europeans were fumbling to create a culture of their own, the cities of the Byzantine Empire provided them a model of a civilized society.
![Page 14: THE CRUSADES](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081603/568138f1550346895da0a756/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Emperor Suleiman
• Leader of Ottoman Empire from 1520-1566.
• Sets out on military conquests and takes over land in the Middle East and Western Europe.
• Takes over trade in Red and Mediterranean Seas.
![Page 15: THE CRUSADES](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081603/568138f1550346895da0a756/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Cultural and Social Impact
• Sponsored the arts and encouraged artists from Muslim areas to mix with Turkish and European arts.
• Promoted poetry and wrote poems under different names.
• Sponsors projects to beautify Constantinople and rebuilds Muslim monuments in Jerusalem.
![Page 16: THE CRUSADES](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081603/568138f1550346895da0a756/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Legacy of Suleiman
• Ottoman Empire takes control of major Muslim cities and becomes largest power in world.
• Shakespeare and other Renaissance authors are inspired by him.
• Legal reforms earned him the title “Law Giver”.
![Page 17: THE CRUSADES](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081603/568138f1550346895da0a756/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Results of the Crusades
• I.F. Turks Traveled they would Trade• I = Improvements – Ships, Maps, Explorers• F = Feudalism declines because Feudal lords die or spend too much money on military.
• T = Turks still rule the Holy Land • T = Travel – Europeans want to travel more• T = Trade – Europeans want product from the East such as sugar, cotton, silk, spices, etc.