THE CONFEDERATION GOVERNMENT REVOLUTION’S EFFECTS IN SOCIAL REFORM Greater freedom of religion ◦...
-
Upload
julius-hunt -
Category
Documents
-
view
216 -
download
0
Transcript of THE CONFEDERATION GOVERNMENT REVOLUTION’S EFFECTS IN SOCIAL REFORM Greater freedom of religion ◦...
![Page 1: THE CONFEDERATION GOVERNMENT REVOLUTION’S EFFECTS IN SOCIAL REFORM Greater freedom of religion ◦ States move toward a full separation of church & state.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/5697bfd91a28abf838cafc28/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
THE CONFEDERATION GOVERNMENT
![Page 2: THE CONFEDERATION GOVERNMENT REVOLUTION’S EFFECTS IN SOCIAL REFORM Greater freedom of religion ◦ States move toward a full separation of church & state.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/5697bfd91a28abf838cafc28/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
REVOLUTION’S EFFECTS IN SOCIAL REFORM
Greater freedom of religion◦ States move toward
a full separation of church & state
◦ States that continued to support religion apportioned funds between all the different churches
◦ Titles of nobility Titles of nobility denounced!denounced!
• Moves to abolish slavery• Military service earned
freedom for some slaves• By 1780, abolished in
Northern states with gradual emancipation / manumission manumission laws
• In South, all but GA & SC removed laws that kept owners from manumitting slaves
• So why not abolish slavery entirely?
![Page 3: THE CONFEDERATION GOVERNMENT REVOLUTION’S EFFECTS IN SOCIAL REFORM Greater freedom of religion ◦ States move toward a full separation of church & state.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/5697bfd91a28abf838cafc28/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
REVOLUTION’S EFFECTS ON WOMEN Small move toward increasing women’s legal rights◦ easier to get a divorce◦ BUT, really very small changes in male attitudes
Abigail Adams asks John to Abigail Adams asks John to “remember the ladies”“remember the ladies”◦ Home front efforts during War increased their influence
More educationeducation for women because:◦ Republican gov’t demands well-educated citizenry
◦ Their role in training next generation in republican values – “Republican “Republican Motherhood”Motherhood”
Query: Was the American Revolution a strong social revolution?
![Page 4: THE CONFEDERATION GOVERNMENT REVOLUTION’S EFFECTS IN SOCIAL REFORM Greater freedom of religion ◦ States move toward a full separation of church & state.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/5697bfd91a28abf838cafc28/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
GROWTH OFNATIONALISM:
Resulting from shared sacrifices, & need to find common solutions to wartime problems
Manufacturing & interstate trade stimulated by war & encouraged pride in American self-sufficiency
National heroes from the War – George!
Strengthened desire for distinct American culture- Noah Webster, speller / reader- John Trumbull, art
![Page 5: THE CONFEDERATION GOVERNMENT REVOLUTION’S EFFECTS IN SOCIAL REFORM Greater freedom of religion ◦ States move toward a full separation of church & state.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/5697bfd91a28abf838cafc28/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
JOHN TRUMBULL PAINTINGS
![Page 6: THE CONFEDERATION GOVERNMENT REVOLUTION’S EFFECTS IN SOCIAL REFORM Greater freedom of religion ◦ States move toward a full separation of church & state.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/5697bfd91a28abf838cafc28/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Most states had constitutions even before Dec. of Ind.
Why did many move their capitals westward?
All 13 states had:
elected legislatures power concentrated
in an executive branch – Governor
1 yr terms, strong veto power
State Court systems Most had their own
Bill of Rights Voter qualifications:
still property owners/taxpayers
![Page 7: THE CONFEDERATION GOVERNMENT REVOLUTION’S EFFECTS IN SOCIAL REFORM Greater freedom of religion ◦ States move toward a full separation of church & state.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/5697bfd91a28abf838cafc28/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
ARTICLES OFCONFEDERATION
Unicameral Congress
Only one branch
One vote per state
State sovereignty
Ratification & amendment requires all 13 states
Sent to states for approval in 1777; won’t get it until 1781 – Why?Western land claimsUnanimous approval required
ORGANIZATION:
THE ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION“A Firm League of Friendship”
![Page 8: THE CONFEDERATION GOVERNMENT REVOLUTION’S EFFECTS IN SOCIAL REFORM Greater freedom of religion ◦ States move toward a full separation of church & state.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/5697bfd91a28abf838cafc28/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
No power to tax
No executive branch
No federal courts
No power to regulate interstate commerce
No national currency
LACK OF A STRONG LACK OF A STRONG CENTRAL GOVERNMENTCENTRAL GOVERNMENT
WEAKNESSES OFTHE ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION
![Page 9: THE CONFEDERATION GOVERNMENT REVOLUTION’S EFFECTS IN SOCIAL REFORM Greater freedom of religion ◦ States move toward a full separation of church & state.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/5697bfd91a28abf838cafc28/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
LAND ORDINANCE ACT OF 1785
Purpose: sell off western land to pay off the national debt
Provided an orderly method tosettle land N of the Ohio River by division into
townships- 6 miles square with 36 sections, 1 square mile each
Provided first federal $ forpublic education (Sec. 16proceeds went to public ed.)
A major achievement of the Confederation!A major achievement of the Confederation!
![Page 10: THE CONFEDERATION GOVERNMENT REVOLUTION’S EFFECTS IN SOCIAL REFORM Greater freedom of religion ◦ States move toward a full separation of church & state.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/5697bfd91a28abf838cafc28/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: THE CONFEDERATION GOVERNMENT REVOLUTION’S EFFECTS IN SOCIAL REFORM Greater freedom of religion ◦ States move toward a full separation of church & state.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/5697bfd91a28abf838cafc28/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
NORTHWEST ORDINANCEOF 1787:
5,000 citizens in a territory gives it territorial status territorial legislatures
Once population of 60,000 persons reached, could then apply for statehoodProhibited slavery north of Ohio River!
![Page 12: THE CONFEDERATION GOVERNMENT REVOLUTION’S EFFECTS IN SOCIAL REFORM Greater freedom of religion ◦ States move toward a full separation of church & state.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/5697bfd91a28abf838cafc28/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Economic ConcernsLoyalists’ property….supposed to be returned but ….
Dependent on farming, British Navigation Acts really hurt American economy post independence
Able to trade with other nations; lucrative trade opens up with China and others
Debts from war, inflation, & speculation were problems during and after the war
American Exports, To & From Britain: 1783-1789
![Page 13: THE CONFEDERATION GOVERNMENT REVOLUTION’S EFFECTS IN SOCIAL REFORM Greater freedom of religion ◦ States move toward a full separation of church & state.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/5697bfd91a28abf838cafc28/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
THE CONFEDERATION GOVERNMENTTHE CONFEDERATION GOVERNMENT’S FOREIGN RELATIONS:
TREATYOF PARIS OF 1783 – ◦ A major accomplishment!
RELATIONS WITH GREAT BRITAIN:◦ John Adams as foreign minister from U.S. / None from GB to U.S. – why not?
◦ BR remaining in frontier military posts / fur trade
TRADE SUFFERS◦ New England excluded from West Indies; shipbuilding declines
◦ British dump low-priced manufactured goods on American market
◦ Why didn’t U.S. impose import restrictions on GB?
![Page 14: THE CONFEDERATION GOVERNMENT REVOLUTION’S EFFECTS IN SOCIAL REFORM Greater freedom of religion ◦ States move toward a full separation of church & state.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/5697bfd91a28abf838cafc28/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
WITH SPAIN:WITH SPAIN:◦ SPAIN WAS A “CO-
BELLIGERENT,”
NOT AN ALLY
◦ CLAIMS U.S. BOUNDARIES ARE
WRONG
◦ CONTROLLED NEW ORLEANS &
THREATENED WESTERN TRADE
BY U.S.
◦ WESTERNERS DEMAND “right “right
of deposit”of deposit” AT NEW ORLEANS
◦ SPAIN REFUSES
![Page 15: THE CONFEDERATION GOVERNMENT REVOLUTION’S EFFECTS IN SOCIAL REFORM Greater freedom of religion ◦ States move toward a full separation of church & state.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/5697bfd91a28abf838cafc28/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Relations with France
U.S. is unable to repay war loans France had expected commercial opportunities after the war … special trading status ……..◦Didn’t get it; should they have?
![Page 16: THE CONFEDERATION GOVERNMENT REVOLUTION’S EFFECTS IN SOCIAL REFORM Greater freedom of religion ◦ States move toward a full separation of church & state.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/5697bfd91a28abf838cafc28/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
:Problems, Problems, Problems!
States taxing goods from their neighbors:◦ Congress had no power to regulate interstate commerce
◦ Some states levied tariffs on British goods, so BR would just bring goods in through states that didn’t
Confederation Gov’t didn’t have authority to put national tariffs on BR goods - would have helped American economy (INFLATION!) & cash flow
Confederation Congress sought 5% tariff duty in 1781 – but required approval of all 13 states and… RI wouldn’t approve
No national currency so states issue their own:◦ print too much; values differed; not accepted outside state
![Page 17: THE CONFEDERATION GOVERNMENT REVOLUTION’S EFFECTS IN SOCIAL REFORM Greater freedom of religion ◦ States move toward a full separation of church & state.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/5697bfd91a28abf838cafc28/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
SHAY’S REBELLION – “Mobocracy”
MA Farmers returning from War couldn’t pay taxes (60% increase) -jailed or their land confiscated◦ Over 1200 rebelled by closing 2
Springfield, MA courts & then attacking arsenal
◦ MA appeals to Congress for help -- no power to do so
Captain Daniel Shays & his regulars are ultimately defeated by a privately raised MA militia
SignificanceSignificance: pointed out lack of authority, order & power of the Confederation Government
Liberty Run Mad!
![Page 18: THE CONFEDERATION GOVERNMENT REVOLUTION’S EFFECTS IN SOCIAL REFORM Greater freedom of religion ◦ States move toward a full separation of church & state.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/5697bfd91a28abf838cafc28/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
“There could be no stronger evidence of the want of energy in our governments than these disorders.” -- George Washington
![Page 19: THE CONFEDERATION GOVERNMENT REVOLUTION’S EFFECTS IN SOCIAL REFORM Greater freedom of religion ◦ States move toward a full separation of church & state.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/5697bfd91a28abf838cafc28/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
ANNAPOLIS CONVENTION
1785, reps from VA & MD meet in Mt. Vernon, VA
Suggest conference in Annapolis of all states to discuss common problems of commercecommerce
Only 5 states sent reps (not even MD!)
Alexander Hamilton suggests Philadelphia Convention to revise Articles of Confederation ..and address all problems, not just commerce