THE COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN AND …angelescity.gov.ph/government/files/clup_c6.pdfChapter 6: THE...

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Chapter 6: THE COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN AND POLICY FRAMEWORK 6- 1 Comprehensive Land Use Plan and Zoning Ordinance 2010-2020 Chapter 6 THE COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN AND POLICY FRAMEWORK Presented in this chapter is the Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) of Angeles City which contains, among others, the land use distribution and the land use policy framework. These components of the CLUP are consistent with the spatial strategy and long term development vision of the city. 6.1 Land Use Distribution Following the land use planning guidelines of the HLURB, the general land use map of Angeles City was prepared showing the different land use categories such as the built-up, agricultural, forest, and special uses (Figure 6-1). These macro land use categories were further broken down into more specific uses and were presented in Figure 6-2 as the Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) of Angeles City. The CLUP contains the more detailed urban uses or urban land use categories such as residential, commercial, industrial, institutional, and infrastructure facilities, among others. Moreover, the different land use activities contained in the CLUP were further grouped into four major categories: Settlements, Production Land Use, Protection Land Use, and Infrastructure Support.

Transcript of THE COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN AND …angelescity.gov.ph/government/files/clup_c6.pdfChapter 6: THE...

Page 1: THE COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN AND …angelescity.gov.ph/government/files/clup_c6.pdfChapter 6: THE COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN AND POLICY FRAMEWORK 6- 1 Comprehensive Land Use Plan

Chapter 6: THE COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN AND POLICY FRAMEWORK 6- 1

Comprehensive Land Use Plan and Zoning Ordinance 2010-2020

Chapter 6

THE COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN AND POLICY FRAMEWORK

Presented in this chapter is the Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP)

of Angeles City which contains, among others, the land use distribution and

the land use policy framework. These components of the CLUP are consistent

with the spatial strategy and long term development vision of the city.

6.1 Land Use Distribution

Following the land use planning guidelines of the HLURB, the general

land use map of Angeles City was prepared showing the different land use

categories such as the built-up, agricultural, forest, and special uses (Figure

6-1). These macro land use categories were further broken down into more

specific uses and were presented in Figure 6-2 as the Comprehensive Land

Use Plan (CLUP) of Angeles City. The CLUP contains the more detailed urban

uses or urban land use categories such as residential, commercial, industrial,

institutional, and infrastructure facilities, among others.

Moreover, the different land use activities contained in the CLUP were

further grouped into four major categories: Settlements, Production Land

Use, Protection Land Use, and Infrastructure Support.

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Comprehensive Land Use Plan and Zoning Ordinance 2010-2020

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The resulting mix of the four major land use categories and their sub-types,

as planned, are shown in Table 6-1.

Table 6-1. The Land Use Distribution of Angeles City in 2020

Land Use Area (Ha) % Share

Over Total

Settlement Area

Residential 2,941.90 47.32%

Protected Area

Abacan River 145.22 2.34%

Open space, Park 109.89 1.77%

Watershed Reserve/ Ecotourism* 496.58 7.99%

Proposed Protected Agricultural Land* 554.13 8.91%

Cultivated Land 505.29 8.13%

Fishpond 12.48 0.20%

Orchard 36.36 0.58%

Sub-total 1,305.82 21.01

Production Area

Commercial 542.75 8.73%

Industrial 225.50 3.63%

Industrial Tree Plantation 4.26 0.07%

Agricultural, Tropical Grass 483.67 7.78%

Watershed Reserve/ Ecotourism* (496.58)

Proposed Protected Agricultural Land* (554.13)

Sub-total 1,257.64 20.23%

Infrastructure area

Cemetery 56.07 0.90%

DMIA Complex 220.65 3.55%

Institutional Facility 91.22 1.47%

Local Roads 214.39 3.45%

Major Roads 119.04 1.91%

Railway 10.64 0.17%

Sub-total 712.01 11.45%

Total 6,217.37 100.00%

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* These are land use activities falling under two categories but their share

over the total land area were reflected in only one category to avoid double counting.

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6.1.1 Protected Areas

The protection land use aims to protect important physical resource

(manmade or natural) and or sensitive and critical ecosystem from human

intrusion in order to preserve their integrity, or allow degraded resources to

regenerate themselves to protect the human populace from environmental

hazards, among other things.

The National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) Law or R.A.

7586 sets the general framework for the protected areas. Other protection

areas are provided by other laws such as, the Agriculture and Fisheries

Modernization Act (AFMA) which stipulates the fisheries and agricultural areas

to be protected from conversion.

For Angeles City, the protected areas include the following: parks,

open spaces, buffer zones, rivers and creeks, environmentally-constrained

areas (Abacan river), protected agricultural lands, and the Sapangbato

watershed reserve and ecotourism area, among others. The city’s protected

lands have an aggregated area of about 1,305.82 hectares representing

about 21.01 percent of the city total land area.

6.1.2 Settlement Areas

Angeles City’s settlement areas comprise the residential portion of the

built-up. These are the self-built houses, private subdivisions, resettlement

sites, socialized housing, and public housing areas, among others. This land

use category has an aggregate area of about 2,941.90 hectares representing

47.32 percent of the city’s total land area.

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6.1.3 Production Areas

Production areas include commercial/mix use, industrial zones,

agricultural lands, tourism and eco-tourism areas, and manufacturing areas.

This land use category has an aggregate area of about 1,257.64 hectares

representing about 20.23 percent of the city’s total land area.

Functionally falling under the production areas category, the proposed

protected agricultural lands, with an aggregate area of about 554.13 and

representing 8.91 percent of the total land area of the city, were placed

under the Protected Area category. This is to stress the need to preserve

these remaining vital agricultural production areas of Angeles City.

6.1.4 Infrastructure Areas

Economic, social, and administrative infrastructure of utilities, and the

amount of land they occupy form the infrastructure areas. Infrastructure

facilities have an aggregate area of about 712.01 hectares representing

11.45 percent of the city’s total land area.

6.2 Land Use Policy Framework

6.2.1 Policies on Protected Areas

In order to protect and preserve the important resources of the city

from human intrusion or protect the people from both natural and man-made

hazards, a clear protected land use policy framework for Angeles City must

be defined. These are as follows:

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6.2.1.1 Easements of Public Use

Water bodies and their surrounding areas play a key role in

maintaining healthy urban and natural ecosystems. Article 51 of the

Philippine Water Code (PD1067) provides that “the rivers and banks of rivers

and streams and shores of the seas and lakes through the entire length and

within a zone of three (3) meters in urban area, twenty (20) meters in

agricultural areas, and forty (40) meters in the forest areas, along their

margins, are subject to the easement of public use in the interest of

recreation, navigation, floatage, fishing, and salvage. No person shall be

allowed to stay in this zone longer that what is necessary for recreation,

navigation, or salvage, or to build structures of any kind.”

Consistent with this legal framework, the city shall recover,

rehabilitate, and preserve its legal easements focusing on the following:

1. Implement river and creek clean-up especially those dumped with

wastes of all kinds;

2. Remove permanent structures, and relocate the informal settlers that

have encroached on the riverbank and riverbed;

3. Address creek and riverbank failures by implementing both structural

and non-structural measures;

4. As appropriate and practical, transform the city’s river and creek

systems into a public linear park with commercial and mix use

components; and,

5. Non-permanent structures consistent with the specified function of the

river/creek park may be allowed but construction of permanent

structures will generally be disallowed.

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6.2.1.2 National Roads and Other Road Easements

The city will strictly adhere and implement the Department of Public

Works and Highways (DPWH) road standards for the minimum setback from

the right-of-way (ROW) of major thoroughfares, as follow:

1. Residential – 10 meters

2. Commercial – 20 meters

3. Industrial – 30 meters

Moreover, Presidential Decree 705 or the Forestry Code of the

Philippines which requires a 20-meter regulatory setback from the edge of

the ROW of national roads will also be implemented.

These laws and standards will be accordingly reflected in the Zoning

Ordinance implementing the CLUP.

6.2.1.3 Parks and Open Spaces

Parks and open spaces are recognized as an important component of

an orderly and properly built city. Other than providing scenic value, they

enhance the liveability and maintain the ecological balance of the urban

ecosystem. It is said that parks and open spaces act as “lungs” of the city but

they certainly do more than that. Trees planted along the road margins filter

and purify car emissions, and also absorb vehicular noise addressing both air

and sound pollutions. These benefits redound to a more liveable community.

In view of such, it is necessary to protect and expand the city’s

existing network of parks and open spaces to include but not limited to the

following:

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1. Rivers, creeks, and other water bodies;

2. Environmentally constrained or critical areas;

3. Neighbourhood or Planned Unit Development parks and

open spaces;

4. Commercial and industrial open spaces;

5. Easements and setbacks;

6. Planting strips and road islands;

7. Watershed preserve;

8. Buffer strips; and,

9. Power transmission lines.

6.2.1.4 Environmentally Constrained and Critical Areas

Everybody would agree that the most notable physical restriction as

regards settlements development in areas affected by Mt. Pinatubo is flooding

and lahar deposition. Fortunately, Angeles City was spared from these

threats. The city is also free from other forms of constraints such as fault

lines, heavy erosion, to mention a few.

But since its soil type is predominantly sand, and the margins of

Abacan river is virtually free from any river training and protection works,

riverbank erosion has widened the river’s channel through the years.

In-migrants, including the local urban poor who could not afford the

formal real property market end up building makeshift houses on the banks

and the riverbed. Also, settlements development is rapidly growing in the

watershed area of Abacan river – the Sapangbato watershed.

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In view of such, and for purposes of reiteration, the city’s

environmentally critical or constrained areas shall have to be protected from

settlements to include but certainly not limited to the following:

1. The Abacan river system and its tributaries;

2. All other creeks and water bodies; and,

3. Sapangbato Forest Reserve.

6.2.1.5 Protected Agricultural Lands

As reflected in the proposed comprehensive land use plan and its

accompanying maps, about 558.39 hectares of agricultural lands are

proposed for protection and inclusion the Strategic Agricultural and Fisheries

Zone (SAFDZ) of Angeles City consistent with the provision of the Agricultural

and Fisheries Modernization Act (AFMA) and the Local Government Code of

1991.

The process of reclassification and conversion of the city’s agricultural

lands whether SAFDZ or non-SAFDZ area shall be governed by the LGC of 1991,

the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law (CARL) or RA 6657 as amended by RA

9700, the Department of Agriculture Administrative Order 02, series of 2002, as

provided for under the AFMA law and other land use rules and regulations.

6.2.1.6 Heritage and Historic Preservation

In 1910, the National Historical Institute (NHI) was founded with the

objective of producing cultural program on historical studies, curatorial

works, architectural (historic buildings) conservation, preservation of

historical relics and memorabilia, restoration of historical or vintage cars,

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including the operation of botanical, geological, zoological, archaeological,

historical, ethnological, and art collections centers, among other things.1 The

NHI has already included on its protection and conservation list a number of

historical structures in Angeles City.

Consistent with these goals of NHI, the city shall continue to care for

its rich historical heritage by protecting and preserving the following:

1. Old Pamintuan Mansion

2. Camalig

3. Holy Rosary Parish Church

4. Apu Chapel

5. Founder’s House

6. Deposito

7. Bale Herencia

8. Museo Ning Angeles

9. Nepomuceno Ancestral Home

The City will likewise implement a program that will sustain and

expand its current historical preservation efforts.

6.2.2 Policies on Settlement Areas

At this time when both urban and agricultural land supplies in the city

are already at critical levels, the traditional approach of readily giving up

1 Source:

http://www.globalpinoy.com/ch/ch_category.php?category=museums&name=National%20Historic

al%20Institute%20(Historical%20Shrines)&table=ch_museums&startpage=76&endpage=90.

Accessed on 03 October 2009.

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agricultural areas in favour of urban development may no longer prove useful

and beneficial. Such action will greatly impact on the food security of the city

and on the livelihood of those engaged in agriculture.

As described in Chapter 4, land demand and supply management

measures such as densification, medium rise construction, in-filling of vacant

/ idle lands, among others, shall be adopted and strictly implemented in the

city. The proposed policies on settlement areas are as follow:

6.2.2.1 Private Subdivisions

Proper enforcement and strict implementation of the provisions of the

Presidential Decree 957 and Batas Pambansa 220 will be ensured both in the

existing and new construction development in order to ensure the liveability

of the city. The minimum requirements for utilities, roads, site development,

and open spaces, among others will be enforced.

6.2.2.2 Medium/High Rise Residential Units

Consistent with the land-saving measures discussed above, the city

will promote the development of medium to high rise residential units

popularly known in the country as condominiums, and other medium to high

density dwelling structures. This strategy will help reduce the pressure on the

conversion of agricultural lands thereby optimizing the use and utilization of

land. The city will also provide fiscal incentives to the developers of such

structures.

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6.2.2.3 Economic and Socialized Housing

The city will enhance its existing shelter and resettlement program

consistent with the provisions of the Urban Development and Housing Act

(UDHA).

6.2.2.4 Rental and Transient Housing

As the regional urban center of Central Luzon, the demand for houses-

for-rent and boarding houses is on the rise. In view of this, the city will

formulate development guidelines for transient housing to ensure public

comfort, convenience and safety.

6.2.3 Policies on Production Areas

The city’s production areas include commercial areas in the identified

growth centers, industrial areas, agricultural areas, and tourism estates.

6.2.3.1 Commercial Areas

Central Business District (CBD) Growth Center. The CBD growth

area shall remain as the most dominant growth center in the city and it will

continue to act as the central hub servicing its neighbouring hinterlands or

growth nodes consistent with the chosen spatial strategy. In order to improve

the liveability and over-all business atmosphere, the following will be given

the highest level of priority:

i. Traffic decongestion, and access and circulation improvement;

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ii. Full enforcement of the land use management and development

control tools such as the CLUP-ZO, the Building Code, Fire Code,

Water Code, among others; and,

iii. Urban renewal and urban blight clean-up.

Abacan River Special Development Corridor. The Abacan river as a

special development corridor, will be developed into a linear park with road

and commercial/mix use development components. This is to level off the

bipolar development caused by the Abacan river barrier.

6.2.3.2 Other Growth Centers and Corridors

Discussed hereunder are the commercial development policies for the

other growth centers and corridors, as follows:

1. Sapangbato Watershed Reserve – Commercial activities shall

focus on ecotourism, agri-forestry, and bulk water supply

development;

2. Balibago Growth Center – Commercial activities shall focus on

shopping and leisure, rest, recreation, and convention center,

sunrise industries, and BPO centers;

3. Anunas Growth Center – Commercial development shall focus

on tourism estates as well as on sub-urban and planned unit

development;

4. Pampang Growth Center – Commercial activities shall focus

on the establishment of Pampang Regional Food Exchange

Center, including planned unit developments;

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5. Sto. Domingo Growth Center – Activities shall focus on

general commerce and trading including the sustained activity of

the local PUJ transportation hub and terminal;

6. Pulung Maragul Growth Center – Activities shall focus on

general commerce and trading, shopping and recreation and

planned unit development;

7. Pandan Growth Center - Activities shall focus on general

commerce and trading, and planned unit development;

8. Industrial Areas – Unless otherwise proven safe by the

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) system of the

Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), the

city will only cater to light to medium industries inside and

outside its industrial zones;

9. Food Production Areas – The identified protected agricultural

lands of the city will be protected from, and are non-negotiable

for reclassification and conversion. Non-protected agricultural

lands may be applied for reclassification and or conversion

subject to the approval of the local Sanggunian and concerned

agencies of the national government; and,

10. Tourism Estates – According to the Investment Priority Plan

(IPP) of the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI), a tourism

estate is a tract of land with defined boundaries suitable for the

development of an integrated resort complex such as but not

limited to sports and recreational center, accommodation,

convention and cultural facilities, commercial establishments,

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among others, and accordingly provided with service facilities

and utilities; In order to create more jobs and opportunities, the

development of tourism estates in the city will be encouraged.

6.2.4 Policies on Infrastructure Areas

Infrastructure intervention and development are grouped into the

following major areas: social infrastructure, administrative infrastructure,

economic infrastructure, and utilities and transportation infrastructure. The

development policies in these sub-development areas are discussed below.

6.2.4.1 Social Infrastructure

i. Private Schools - While private school development is a function of

market forces, their expansion will be encouraged to augment the

supply gap and provide the needed check-and-balance as regards the

quality of education in the city.

The city may even grant local fiscal incentives to the expansion

of, or new school establishments. School design and development

shall be ensured that they comply with the provisions of the National

Building Code and to the Department of Education campus planning

and design standards.

ii. Public Schools - Consistent with the constitutional provision that

education shall have the biggest appropriation in the national budget,

and on the premise that education is the great equalizer of income

disparity, the city government must give priority to the modernization

and development of its public schools.

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iii. Non-Formal Educational Facilities - Non-formal education will be

strengthened by appropriating more funds on secondary trade school.

The City’s other NFE activities will also be coordinated and cooperated

with TESDA.

iv. Day Care Centers - Each barangay will be provided with at least one

(1) day-care center. Existing facilities will be improved.

v. Health Centers - Local health centers will be provided with ample

supplies of medicines and the number of Botika sa Barangays will be

increased. Moreover, local tie-up with Generics Pharmacy - a new

entrant in the local pharmaceutical industry selling quality but

affordable medicines, may be looked into to provide the people better

access to medicines.

vi. Sports and Recreational Facilities - This community facility will be

established in all growth centers to be managed by the Department of

Education and the city government.

vii. City Museum - The city’s existing museum may have to be

rehabilitated or at least its maintenance and operating expenses

increased for its decent operation.

viii. Public Libraries - The operation of the existing public library in

Angeles City will be sustained. Additional funding may be necessary to

achieve this end.

ix. Memorial Parks and Cemeteries – The establishment of

crematoriums as well as the construction of condominium type grave

sites will be encouraged. This is to maximize the dwindling supply of

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urban lands. Development guidelines for the establishment and

maintenance of cemeteries and memorial parks will also be prepared.

x. Public Assembly Areas - Consistent with the provisions of the Local

Government code of 1991, public assembly areas will be developed in

the city and included in the city’s network of open spaces.

xi. Private Recreational Facilities - The development of the following

private facilities such as orchidarium, butterfly park, aviary, camp site,

botanic garden, race course, shooting range, among other things, will

be encouraged.

6.2.4.2 Economic Infrastructure i. Public Markets - The recent and aggressive establishment of large,

and fully furnished shopping malls in the provinces by the giant mall

operators in the country pushed local competition to the next level.

These malls now carry product lines traditionally seen in local public

markets but are housed in a more convenient, secured, and relaxed

atmosphere.

Angeles City is one of the most economically advanced locality

in the region. Households from the middle income and above will

accommodate the small price premium offered by these air-conditioned

malls. However, those in the low income group will still rely on the

goods and services offered by the public markets.

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In order to avoid this kind of market polarization and effectively

balance the competition, the operation of the city’s public markets may

have to be reinvented.

Though the Build-Operate-and-Transfer (BOT), Joint Venture

(JV) agreement, or even local government funding, the City’s

Pampang Public Market may be transformed into a modern regional

food exchange or bagsakan center. Such initiative will catapult

Angeles City into food exchange hub. A food exchange hub has the

advantages of agglomeration and economies of scale that will redound

to more affordable prices.

Products coming from the bagsakan center when they reach

retail outlets will be more affordable benefiting the constituents of

Angeles City.

A regional food exchange center of such magnitude will need a

sizeable amount of man-power and will therefore generate local jobs.

Moreover, the ripple-effect of this center to the local economy in terms

of money supply will be significant and that it will surely generate

more wealth. As such, this particular infrastructure policy is highly

recommended for adoption and immediate implementation.

ii. Slaughterhouse - In order to complement the proposed food

exchange center, there may also be a need to privatize the operation

of the city’s abattoir for its more efficient, economical, and effective

operation.

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iii. Ecological Waste Management Center - The city shall establish its

own ecological management center with materials recovery facility,

sanitary landfill, and composting/ organic fertilizer processing

capability.

6.2.4.3 Administrative Infrastructure

i. City Government Center - Several years after the city government

center moved to its new location in Barangay Pulung Maragul with the

aim of decongesting the poblacion and attracting development in the

city fringes, the strategy has now produced a very tangible outputs. An

entry/exit of the North Luzon Expressway (NLEx) was constructed in

the vicinity and this was immediately followed by the construction of

an Ayala Mall.

There may be a need to modernize the entire government

complex befitting its status as the seat of political power and

leadership in the city to complement and blend with modern Marquee

Mall now considered as an architectural landmark in the city.

ii. Barangay Halls - Each barangay in the city shall have a multi-

purpose barangay hall.

iii. Public Order and Safety Offices - The city will give priority in

modernizing its fire protection and peace and order facilities.

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6.2.4.4 Utilities and Transportation

i. Arterial Roads - Road ROW clean-up will be implemented to address

encroachment and improve the level of service they provide. To further

reduce road friction, no new crossroad intersections will be allowed

unless they are of same road category. Only T-intersection shall be

allowed and they will have an interval of at least 500 meters.

ii. Collector Roads - A minimum lateral access along proposed collector

roads to be not less than 250 meters will be enforced and that only a

collector road will connect to an arterial road.

iii. Distributor Roads - The development of dead-end roads will be

discouraged and that all roads must form part of a loop or series of

loops.

iv. Subdivision Roads - Developers will be generally compelled to

connect their main subdivision road not to the main arterial road but

only to collector and distributor roads. Subdivision roads will be

provided with sidewalks, ramps, planting strips, street lighting, waiting

sheds, and others.

v. Public Utility Jeepney (PUJ) Terminals – The operation of PUJ

terminals in the city will be rationalized to enhance access and

circulation.

vi. Water Supply and Distribution System - Measures to utilize surface

water as a source of potable water for the city should start this early

since the city’s groundwater supply is already in the critical stage per

NWRB/JICA study. The feasibility of tapping Abacan river should be

looked into.

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vii. Drainage System and Flood Control Facilities - Measures to

address localized and flash flooding during short duration and high

intensity rainfall events should be implemented by the city in

coordination with the other agencies of the government. A city-wide

drainage master plan and program shall be prepared, to be followed

immediately by the construction of drainage systems.

viii. Sewerage System - Groundwater quality and quantity in the city is

already at the critical stage based on the latest study of the National

Water Resources Board (NWRB). As a measure, the city government

may already look into the possibility of implementing its first sewerage

collection and treatment facilities.

ix. Telecommunication - Regulation will focus on the location of cell

sites for public health and safety considerations.

x. Power Supply and Distribution - In view of the rising prices of

commodities including electricity, the city government and the local

electric utility may have to jointly implement projects that will put to

minimum systems losses in order to lower the cost of electricity in the

city.