The Cold War BeginsHWH UNIT 12

CHAPTER 17.5, 18.1, and pp. 619-622

The “Iron Curtain”

The United Nations

The United NationsGeneral AssemblySecurity Council

USAUSSR FranceBritainChina*

US vs. USSRSoviet attitudesWestern attitudesCommunist Pressure

France, Italy, Greece, Turkey

The Truman Doctrine, 1947

Greece and TurkeyContainment

Economic RecoveryThe Marshall

Plan or ERP (1948-1952)Mixed EconomiesThe Welfare State

Health CareUnemploymentPensionsSubsidized housingHigher tax on wealthy

The Berlin Blockade/Airlift, 1948

Two Germanies, 1949The Federal Republic of

Germany (West Germany) or FRGThe German Democratic Republic (East Germany) or GDR (DDR)

West GermanyKonrad Adenauer (1949-1962)Christian DemocratsThe German “Economic Miracle” or Wirtschaftswunder

NATO (1949)

Economic RecoveryThe “mixed” economies of the

WestThe Coal and Steel Community (1951)

Schuman PlanFrance, W. Germany, Italy, Benelux Nations

The European Economic Community or “Common Market” (1957)

Precursor to the European Union

Stalin and the USSRMore Five Year Plans

More industrializationCollectivization in Eastern Europe

More PurgesArtistsJewsPerhaps 12,000,000 Soviets died from 1946-1953

“As long as capitalism exists, war is inevitable.”

Soviets get the A-Bomb (1949)

The Nuclear Arms Race

USA develops the Hydrogen Bomb (1952)USSR develops the Hydrogen Bomb (1953)ICBMs (intercontinental ballistic missiles), 1959Mutually Assured Destruction

Stalin’s Death (1953)

Khrushchev and “De-Stalinization”

New party membersConsumer goodsRenewed freedom for writersInadvertently encouraged uprisings in satellite states

The Warsaw Pact (1955)

“Peaceful Coexistence”

Hungary, 1956

Sputnik (1957)

The Berlin Wall, 1961

The Bay of Pigs and the Cuban Missile Crisis

(1961-2)

Détente?Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, 1963

Brezhnev and “Re-Stalinization” (1964)

Prague, 1968 (“Prague Spring”)