THE CLIMATE RECORD & SEVERE WEATHER CLIMATOLOGY.
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Transcript of THE CLIMATE RECORD & SEVERE WEATHER CLIMATOLOGY.
THE CLIMATE RECORD &
SEVERE WEATHER CLIMATOLOGY
PROXY DATA
Historical Documents
Biological evidence
coral, forams, pollen, tree rings
Geological evidence
glacial deposits, ice cores, sediments
Antarctica Ice Cores
Palynology is the branch of science dealing with microscopic, decay-resistant remains of certain plants and animals. It has many applications including archaeological palynology, Quarternary palynology, and stratigraphic palynology.
Marine sediment samples collected with a multicorer
Foraminifera (forams for short). Forams provide two main types of information : ocean temperature of species, O18/O16 ratio (glacial ice volume)
Ocean Floor Cores
Biological Evidence: Tree Rings
Bristlecone pine of the Great Basin region of western North America are the oldest known living trees, up to 5,000 years old.
DENDROCHRONOLOGY
Pleistocene Ice Age
Glacial Deposit: Erratic
Alpine Glacier and Mass Balance
Alpine Erosional Features
Alpine Glacier Depositional Features
Continental Glacier Depositional Features
Milankovitch Hypothesis
Vostok Ice Core Record
MIDIEVAL WARM PERIOD AND LITTLE ICE AGE
Viking Voyages During Medieval Warm Period
MAYAN CIVILIZATION COLLAPSE
Hunters in the Snow by the Flemish painter Pieter Bruegel the Elder (1525–1569). Completed in February 1565, during the first of the many bitter winters of the Little Ice Age.
Climate and Art
Historic Instrument Record
Life Cycle of a Thunderstorm
Severe Thunderstorm
Lightning Strokes Shown in Sequence
National Lightning Detection Network
Thunderstorms
Figure 5.36
Sea Breeze Convergence Over Florida
Thunderstorms
Figure 5.37
Annual Average Days of Hailstorms
Twister!
Figure 5.38
Tornadoes
Figure 5.39
Tropical Cyclones
Figure 5.40
Brazilian Hurricane
Figure 5.40
Hurricane Katrina and SSTs
Profile of a Hurricane
Figure 5.42
STORM SURGE