The Civil WarChapter 2, Section 3

By: Amanda Spagnolia, Tanner Lynch, Caden Orm

Resources, Strategies, and Early Battleshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tYg3v9lUuNA

Advantages and Disadvantages● A growing population supports a wide range of manufacturing● Because of European immigrants factories were able to increase production

of war supplies● The north had a well developed railroad system● By 1861, the union navy launched more than 250 warships and constructing

many more● When started the Union army had about 16,000 men● The south had most of the nation's finest military leaders● Throughout the war General Lee provided the confederates with expert

military leadership

North and South Develope Their Strategies

● Each side had their own goals for the war● The North tried to starve the South into submission called

the Anaconda plan● The North seized the Mississippi River and the Gulf of

Mexico so the south could not send or receive shipments● The union seized a strategic railroad juncture at

Chattanooga

A Stalemate Develops

● On the east both sides had no clear victories● Troops on both sides struggled to advance and capture

ground● Due to advancements in weapons there could be more

than 10,000 casualties in a day● Certain battle are still remembered as some of the

deadliest battles in american history● Because of limitations in medicine, a lot of injured soldiers

died

Lincoln Proclaims Emancipation● Early in the war Lincoln emphasized that preserving the Union was his

goal although he was against slavery● He was trying to keep the support of the slave states (Maryland,

Delaware, Kentucky, and Missouri)● In January 1863 Lincoln as a “practical war measure”(Lincoln) issued

the Emancipation Proclamation● It didn’t apply to the slave states or the south under Union control so

no slaves were immediately free● After the Emancipation Proclamation Africans began running away to

join the Union, up to 180,000 Africans eventually fought for the Union

Emancipation Proclamation

War Affects Daily Life

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1HaWVXumg5w

The North Faces Problems● Congress passed a draft law in 1863; 20-45 to serve in

military when called● Rich white males payed a fee to avoid the military● The constitutional right of habeas corpus was suspended:

habeas corpus means no one can be held in prison without specific charges being filed

● Most thought his actions was unconstitutional

The South Suffers Hardships● Most battles took place in the south ● The agriculture was ruined ● The plan to starve the south into submission was on the

verge of succeeding ● South had always tried to ease economic problems ● Many doubted the true value of confederate money that

led to inflation or price increases● Shortage of food and the rising of pricing caused many

riots

War Leads to Social Change

● Women had jobs there were convenient for them; set up fields hospitals to help the wounded soldiers

● White and black teachers from the north went to the south to teach the free slaves

● Churches in the south supported the war● It is believed that when men came out of the war they had

become christian soldiers

The Union Prevails

● In 1863 the Union capture Vicksburg, Mississippi under Ulysses S. Grant

● He surrendered 30,000 Confederate troops in 3 weeks

● They succeed in splitting the Confederate territory apart with the “Anaconda Plan”

The Union Wins a Victory at Gettysburg

● General Lee loses at the town of Gettysburg in the East losing up to one third of his army

● It was the last big attempt the Confederates made to invade the North

● Lincoln goe to Gettysburg and delivers a speech known as the “Gettysburg Address” in which he reinforced the ideas for which they were fighting

The War Ends

● William T. Sherman led 60,000 Union troops through Georgia and South Carolina

● He used a strategy of “Total War” in which the troops destroy all resources the enemy could possibly use

● Confederate capital is captured by spring 1865 and on April 9th Lee surrendered to Grant in Virginia

The Civil War Has Lasting Impact

● More than one third of northern and southern soldiers were killed or disabled

● Southerners drifted to the north ● African Americans in the South, freedom promised new

opportunities for them● The war ended an era in american political life ● Citizens saw themselves as united nation

Work Cited www.civilwar.org

US History Textbook

http://study.com/academy/lesson/the-effect-of-war-on-civilians-in-the-united-states.html

www.history.com