THE CIRCUITS

AND FILTERS

HANDBOOK S E C O N D E D I T I O N

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Editor-in-Chief

Wai-Kai Chen •

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CRC PRESS Boca Raton London New York Washington, D.C.

Table of Contents

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SECTION I Mathematics

Section Editor: Y.F. Huang 1

1 Linear Operators and Matrices Cheryl В. Schrader and Michael К. Sain 3

2 Bilinear Operators and Matrices Michael K. Sain and Cheryl B. Schrader 23

3 The Laplace Transformation John R. Deller, Jr. 43 •

4 Fourier Series, Fourier Transforms and the Discrete Fourier Transform

W. Kenneth Jenkins 89

5 z-Transform Jelena Kovacevic 119

6 Wavelet Transforms P.P. Vaidyanathan and Igor Djokovic 137

7 Graph Theory Krishnaiyan Thulasiraman 217 •

8 Signal Flow Graphs Krishnaiyan Thulasiraman 245

9 Theory of Two-Dimensional Hurwitz Polynomials Hari C. Reddy 257

SECTION II Circuit Elements, Devices and Their Models

Section Editor: John Choma, Jr. 271

10 Passive Circuit Elements Stanislav Nowak 273 10.1 Resistor Stanislav Nowak 273 10.2 Capacitor Stanislav Nowak 294 10.3 Inductor Tomasz W. Postupolski 310 10.4 Transformer Gordon E. Carlson 333 10.5 Semiconductor Diode Bogdan M. Wilamowski 339

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11 RF Passive 1С Components Tomas H. Lee, Maria del Mar Hershenson, Sunderarajan S. Mohen, Hirad Samavati, and C. Patrick Yue 351

12 Circuit Elements, Modeling and Equation Formulation Josef A. Nossek.... 375

13 Controlled Circuit Elements 387 13.1 Controlled Sources Edwin W. Greenneich 387 13.2 Signal Converters James F. Delansky 393

14 Bipolar Transistors (BJT) Circuits David J. Comer and Donald T. Comer 403

15 Operational Amplifiers 427 15.1 The Ideal Operational Amplifier David G. Nairn 427 15.2 The Non-Ideal Operational Amplifier David G. Nairn 438 15.3 Frequency- and Time-Domain Considerations Sergio Franco 449

16 High-Frequency Amplifiers Chris Toumazou and Alison Payne 465

SECTION III Linear Circuit Analysis

Section Editor: Larry P. Huelsman 513

17 Fundamental Circuit Concepts John Chroma, Jr 515

18 Network Laws and Theorems 529 18.1 KirchhofFs Voltage and Current Laws Ray R. Chen and Artice M. Davis 529 18.2 Network Theorems Marwan A. Simaan 567

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19 Terminal and Port Representation James A. Svoboda 585

2 0 Signal Flow Graphs in Filter Analysis and Synthesis Pen-Min Lin 605

2 1 Analysis in the Frequency Domain 625 21.1 Network Functions Jiri Vlach 625 21.2 Advanced Network Analysis Concepts John Chroma, Jr 634

2 2 Tableau and Modified Nodal Formulations Jiri Vlach 663

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2 3 Frequency Domain Methods Peter Aronhime 685

2 4 Symbolic Analysis Benedykt S. Rodanski and Marwan Hassoun 753

2 5 Analysis in the Time Domain Robert W. Newcomb 781

ZO State-Variable Techniques K.S. Chao 799

SECTION IV Feedback Circuits . . • ' .' . '•.

Section Editor: Wai-Kai Chen 821

1/ Feedback Amplifier Theory John Choma, Jr. 823

2 8 Feedback Amplifier Configurations John Choma, Jr. 841

2 9 General Feedback Theory Wai-Kai Chen 871

3 0 The Network Functions and Feedback Wai-Kai Chen 885

3 1 Measurement of Return Difference Wai-Kai Chen 895

3 2 Multiple-Loop Feedback Amplifiers Wai-Kai Chen 901

SECTION V Nonlinear Circuits

Section Editor: Leon O. Chua 919

3 3 Qualitative Analysis Martin Hasler 921

34 Synth esis and Design of Nonlinear Circuits Angel Rodriguez-Vazquez, Manual Delgado-Restituto, and J.L. Huertas 941

3 5 Representation, Approximation, and Identification Guanrong Chen 977

36 Transformation and Equivalence Wolfgang Mathis 1009

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3 7 Piecewise-Linear Circuits and Piecewise-Linear Analysis Joo Vandewalle and L. Vandenberghe 1031

: 3 8 Simulation Erik Lindberg 1055

3 9 Cellular Neural Networks Tamas Roska, Akos Zarandy, and Csaba Rekeczky 1075

4 0 Bifurcation and Chaos Michael Peter Kennedy 1093

SECTION VI Distributed Circuits

Section Editor: Thomas Koryu Ishii 1163

4 1 Transmission Lines Thomas Koryu Ishii 1165

4 2 Multiconductor Tranmission Lines Daniel De Zutter and Luc Martens 1183

4 3 Time and Frequency Domain Responses Daniel De Zutter and Luc Martens 1191

4 4 Distributed RC Networks Vladimir Szekely 1201

45 Synth esis of Distributed Circuits Thomas Koryu Ishii 1223

SECTION VII Computer-Aided Design and Optimization

Section Editor: Sung-Mo Kang 1245

4 6 Modeling of Circuit Performances Sung-Mo Kang and Abhijit Dharchoudhury 1247

4 7 Symbolic Analysis Methods Benedydt S. Rodanski and Marwan Hassoun ....1263

4 8 Numerical Analysis Methods Andrew T Yang 1283

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4 9 Design by Optimization Sachin S. Sapatnekar 1301

5 0 Statistical Design Optimization Maciej A. Styblinski and Bogumila Styblinski 1325

5 1 Physical Design Automation Naveed A. Sherwani 1357

5 2 Design Automation Technology Allen M. Dewey 1381

5 3 Computer-Aided Analysis 1411 53.1 Circuit Simulation Using SPICE and SUPREM J. Gregory Rollins 1411 53.2 Parameter Extraction for Analog Circuit Simulation Peter Bendix 1429

5 4 Analog Circuits Simulation /. Gregory Rollins 1455

SECTION VIII Analog Integrated Circuits

Section Editor: John Choma, Jr. 1475

5 5 Monolithic Device Models 1477 55.1 Bipolar Junction Transistor Bogdan M. Wilamowski 1477 55.2 MOSFET Technology Devices John Choma, Jr. 1494 55.3 JFET Technology Transistors Stephen I. Long 1540 55.4 Passive Components NhatM. Nguyen 1554 55.5 Chip Parasitics in Analog Integrated Circuits Martin A. Brooke 1586

56 Analog Circuit Cells 1599 56.1 Bipolar Biasing Circuits Kenneth V. Noren 1599 56.2 Canonical Cells of Bipolar Technology John Choma, Jr. 1608 56.3 Canonical Cells of MOSFET Technology Mohammed Ismail, Shu-Chuan Huang,

Chung-Chih Hung, and Trond Saether 1653 56.4 MOSFET Biasing Circuits David G. Haigh, Bill Redman-White, and Rahim

Akbari-Dilmaghani 1676

57 High Performance Analog Circuits 1699 57.1 Broadband Bipolar Networks Chris Toumazou, Alison Payne, and John Lidgey 1699 57.2 Bipolar Noise Bogdan M. Wilamowski 1749

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5 8 RF Communication Circuits Michael Steyaert, Johan Janssens, Marc Borremans and Bram De Muer 1755

5 9 PLL Circuits Chorng-Kuang Wang and Min-Shueh Yuan 1783

SECTION IX The VLSI Circuits

Section Editor: John Choma, Jr. 1813

6 0 Digital Circuits 1815 60.1 MOS Logic Circuits John P. Uyemura 1815 60.2 Transmission Gates Robert C. Chang and Bing J. Sheu 1829

6 1 Digital Systems 1849 61.1 Programmable Logic Devices Festus Gail Gray 1849 61.2 Clocking Schemes Wayne D. Grover 1878 61.3 MOS Storage Circuits Bing]. Sheu and Josephine C. Chang 1917 61.4 Microprocessor-Based Design Roland Priemer 1929 61.5 Systolic Arrays Rung Yao and Flavio Lorenzelli 1956

6 2 Data Convertors 1991 62.1 Digital-to-Analog Converters Bang-Sup Song 1991 62.2 Analog-to-Digital Converters Ramesh Harjani 2018

SECTION X Design Automation

Section Editor: Allen M. Dewey 2047

6 3 Internet Based Micro-Electronic Design Automation (IMEDA) Framework Moon-Jung Chung and Heechul Kim 2049

6 4 System-Level Design Alice C. Parker, Yosef Tirat-Gefen, and Suhrid A. Wadekar 2081

6 5 Synthesis at the Register Transfer Level and the Behavioral Level JayBhasker 2099

6 6 Embedded Computing Systems and Hardware/Software Co-Design Wayne Wolf 2125

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6 7 Design Automation Technology Roadmap Don Cottrell 2135

6 8 Performance Modeling and Analysis in VHDL James H. Aylor and Robert H. Klenke 2175

SECTION XI Passive Filters •

Section Editors: Larry P. Huelsman and Wai-Kai Chen 2217

6 9 General Characteristics of Filters Andreas Antoniou 2219

7 0 Approximation Artice M. Davis 2247

7 1 Frequency Transformations Jaime Ramirez-Angulo 2279

7 2 Sensitivity and Selectivity Igor Filanovsky , 2293

7 3 Passive Immittances and Positive-Real Functions Wai-Kai Chen 2325

7 4 Passive Cascade Synthesis Wai-Kai Chen 2333

7 5 Synthesis of LCM and RC One-Port Networks Wai-Kai Chen 2349

7 6 Two-Port Synthesis by Ladder Development Wai-Kai Chen 2361

7 7 Design of Resistively Terminated Networks Wai-Kai Chen 2377

/ o Design of Broadband Matching Networks Wai-Kai Chen 2391

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SECTION XII Active Filters

Section Editor: Larry P. Huelsman 2423

7 9 Low-Gain Active Filters Philip E. Allen, Benjamin J. Blalock, and Stephen W. Milam 2425

80 Single-Amplifier Multiple-Feedback Filters F. William Stephenson 2457

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8 1 Multiple-Amplifier Biquads Norbert Fliege 2471

82 The Current Generalized Immittance Converter (CGIC) Biquads

Wasfy B. Mikhael 2495

8 3 Higher-Order Filters Rolf Schaumann 2515

8 4 Continuous-Time Integrated Filters Rolf Schaumann 2541

8 5 Switched Capacitor Filters Jose Silva-Martinez and Edgar Sanchez-Sinencio 2573

SECTION XIII Digital Filters

Section Editor: Yong-Ching Lim 2601

8 6 FIR Filters 2603 86.1 Properties of FIR Filters MengHwaEr 2603 86.2 Window Techniques MengHwaEr 2608 86.3 Design of FIR Filters by Optimization Andreas Antoniou, L. Montgomery

Smith, Bruce W. Bonar, Yong-Ching Lim, and Tapio Saramaki 2618

8 7 IIR Filters 2679 87.1 Properties of IIR Filters Sawasd Tantaratana 2679 87.2 Design of IIR Filters Sawasd Tantaratana 2688 87.3 Wave Digital Filters Stuart S. Lawson 2711 87.4 Lattice Filters Yong-Ching Lim 2734

8 8 Finite Wordlength Effects Bruce W. Bonar 2739

8 9 Aliasing-Free Reconstruction Filter Bank Truong Q. Nguyen 2759

9 0 VLSI Implementation of Digital Filters Joseph B. Evans 2795

9 1 Two-Dimensional FIR Filters Rashid Ansari and A. Enis Cetin 2809

9 2 Two-Dimensional IIR Filters A. G. Constantinides and Xiaojian Xu 2839

9 3 Symmetry and 2-D Filter Design Hari C. Reddy, I-Hung Khoo, and P.K.Rajan 2889

Index .....2915

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