The Church - Clover Sitesstorage.cloversites.com/whitestonecommunitychurch/documents/Churc… ·...
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The Church:
Early (33ad - 400s)
Middle Ages (500s – 1400s)
Reformation (1500s - 1600s)
Modern (1700s - Today)
The Church:
Early (33ad - 400s)
Middle Ages (500s – 1400s)
Reformation (1500s - 1600s)
Modern (1700s - Today)
Middle Ages (500s-1400s)
529ad – Synod of Orange
Accepted –
‘Augustinian’ doctrine of
sin and grace
Rejected –
‘Augustinian’ doctrine of
absolute predestination
Middle Ages (500s-1400s)
563ad – Columba’s Mission
563 –
Irish missionary who spread Christianity in Scotland
565 –
Supposed sighting of Loch Ness Monster
Middle Ages (500s-1400s)
590ad – Gregory ‘the Great’
Pope –
He was well known for his writings and popular for feeding and
protecting the people
Invented –
Idea of purgatory and the
Gregorian Chant
Middle Ages (500s-1400s)
610ad – Muhammad
610ad
Muhammad claims to begin receiving messages in a cave from angel Gabriel
622ad
Threatened, Flees to Medina, Islam begins
630ad
Conquers Mecca, making it center for Islam
Middle Ages (500s-1400s)
680ad – Boniface
Missionary
Born in 680, he became a monk,
then a great missionary to Germans at
about age 40, ‘Apostle of Germans’
Tree
Cut down the pagan's sacred tree and built a church out of the wood.
Years later martyred by
pagans.
Middle Ages (500s-1400s)
726ad – Iconoclastic Controversy
Against
Byzantine Emperor Leo III
led effort to eliminate icons,
claiming them as idolatry and an offense to Jews
and Muslims
For
John of Damascus
insisted icons are for veneration,
not worship
Supported in 731 by Pope, then 787
by Council of Nicaea II
Middle Ages (500s-1400s)
732ad – Battle of Tours
Threat
Massive forces of Muslim army took over North
Africa, threatening
Europe as well
Battle
Martel’s Knights defeated
Muslims, saving Europe and possibly the
English language
Middle Ages (500s-1400s)
793ad – Vikings Raid
Raid
Danish Vikings attack the small
island of Lindisfarne, robbing the church of its
treasures, killing the monks
Later
Over the next century, more
wealthy religious houses in
England were attacked, then
lands taken
Middle Ages (500s-1400s)
800ad – Charlemagne
Crowned
Pope Leo III crowned the
proven ally King Charles (of Franks) the
emperor of Holy Roman Empire
Empire
Though not official until 962ad, the
Holy Roman Empire (til 1806ad)
was different in time and location than the Roman
Empire
Middle Ages (500s-1400s)
878ad – Alfred ‘the Great’
Vikings
Defeated the Vikings, saving England from
being completely overrun by
pagans, developed the first Navy
Order
Based new laws on 10 Commandments and Bible, restored literacy, donated
wealth to churches, translated Christian works into English
Middle Ages (500s-1400s)
988ad – Russia’s Conversion
860
Brothers Cyril and Methodius brought gospel
to the Slavic people, an
alphabet, and translated the Scriptures in
their language
988
Russian ruler Vladimir
converted to Christianity,
ordered mass baptism, built
churches, destroyed idols,
helped poor
Middle Ages (500s-1400s)
1054ad –The Great Schism (I)
West
Pope is highest Authority
-----------
‘Filioque’ -----------
Used Latin -----------
No Marriage -----------
Unleavened Bread
East
Christ is highest Authority
-----------
No ‘Filioque’ -----------
Used Greek -----------
Marriage -----------
Leavened Bread
1378 - Great Schism (II): 2, then 3 rival popes rule over 40 yrs.
Middle Ages (500s-1400s)
1095ad – Crusades Begin
Children
Led by 12-yr old boy,
‘pure in heart’ 30k followed,
returned, died, and sold into
slavery
Crusades
1st - 1095 -----------
2nd - 1147 -----------
3rd - 1189 -----------
4th - 1202
Middle Ages (500s-1400s)
1182ad – Francis of Assisi
Poverty
(1182-1226) From Italy, Sold
everything, lived in poverty, moved
around as evangelist, had large following, impressed but didn’t convert Muslim Sultan
Influence
Founded the order of Franciscans, followers called
Friars (poor evangelistic monks), started revival of a
Christian life of simplicity in Europe, ‘received stigmata’
Middle Ages (500s-1400s)
1215ad – 4th Lateran Council
‘Catholic’
470+ Leaders
Accepted: 7 Sacraments
Transub-stantiation
‘Kill heretics’ Tithes before Taxes
Mark Jews, Muslims
Waldensian
Peter Waldo
Rejected 7 Sacraments,
Pomp of Church, ‘Purgatory’, etc Persecuted for
many years
Middle Ages (500s-1400s)
1272ad – Thomas Aquinas
Intellect
Greatest Theologian of Middle Ages,
Used Reason and Logic to prove
existence of God
Connected Faith and Reason
His Work
Summa Theologica: comprehensive view of Christian theology in
Latin
Summa Contra Gentiles: defense of Christianity
against Islam
Middle Ages (500s-1400s)
1381ad –Wycliffe Banished
Teaching
Wycliffe preached against church
greed, purgatory, indulgences and
transubstantiation
Translation
1381 – banished from Oxford, he
translates Bible into English from Latin
Vulgate, died in 1384
30 years later: writings destroyed, bones burned and thrown in river to ‘erase memory’ of him
Middle Ages (500s-1400s)
1415ad –Hus Burned at Stake
Teaching
Christ alone is head of the church,
---------- God alone can
forgive sin, ----------
Pope can’t establish doctrine apart from
the Bible
Death
1415 – Condemned for following the
teachings of Wycliffe, he was
burned at the stake
"I would not, for a chapel full of gold,
recede from the truth."
Last Words: “in 100 years, God will raise up a man whose calls for reform cannot be suppressed.”
Middle Ages (500s-1400s)
1456ad – Gutenberg’s Bible
Invention Invented the
printing press about 1440
----------- Taken advantage
of by shrewd businessmen,
died a poor man
‘Bible’ Printed the first Bible in Latin in
1456 -----------
Made Reformation possible with widespread
distribution of Bibles and Luther’s
literature
Middle Ages (500s-1400s)
1478ad – Spanish Inquisition
Cause Suspecting
insincere converts from Judaism (and later heresy from
Protestants), many were questioned,
tortured and killed.
Result The Inquisition lasted until the
1800s, costing the lives of over
30,000, -----------
Possibly 300,000 endured some form of torture
Middle Ages (500s-1400s)
1492ad – Columbus Sails
Impact Columbus
landed in the Americas,
leading the way of bringing
Christianity to our continent
Sailing Columbus
sailed in order to bear the message of
Christ (‘Christopher’)
to far off lands.
The Church:
Early (33 - 400s)
Middle Ages (500s – 1400s)
Reformation (1500s - 1600s)
Modern (1700s - Today)
The Church:
Early (33 - 400s)
Middle Ages (500s – 1400s)
Reformation (1500s - 1600s)
Modern (1700s - Today)