The Challenge of eLearning on K-12 in Taiwan Chi-Syan Lin Director, APEC Cyber Academy Associate...
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The Challenge of eLearning
on K-12 in Taiwan Chi-Syan Lin
Director, APEC Cyber Academy
Associate Professor, Institute of Computers and Information Education
National Tainan Teachers College
GSM: +886-932-830-451
1. The Educational Reform Efforts in K-12 in Taiwan
2. Two Significant Projects in Promoting eLearning
3. The Challenge on Pedagogy Shift
4. The Challenge on Design of eLearning Environments
5. The Challenge on Production of eLearning Content
6. The Challenge on Evaluation Issues
7. The Challenge on Roles Changes in Teachers, Students, and Parents
Outline
Demographic Data on K-12 of Taiwan
(Source:MOE, Taiwan; December, 2002)
Levels Number of Schools
Number of Teachers
Number of Staffs
Number of Classes
Number of Students
Elementary 2,611 103,501 7,114 63,172 1,925,491
Junior High 708 49,318 7,177 26,803 935,738
Senior High 473 49,291 10,413 17,952 748,711
Sum 3,792 202,110 24,704 107,927 3,609,940
Educational Reform
1. Implementation of the 9-year Integrated Curriculum Scheme
2. Abolishment of Entrance Exams of All Levels
3. Implementation of English Learning Environments
4. Implementation of Networked Learning Environments
Expected Abilities on Students
• Understanding and developing one’s potential • Ability to appreciate and innovate• Ability to express, communicate and share• Ability to show respect, care and work cooperatively• Learning of cultures and understanding of other
countries• Internet and information literacy• Ability to think independently and solve problems• Career planning and lifelong learning
Two Significant Projects in Promoting eLearning
1. The IT Stimulus Package in Schools
2. The eTaiwan Project
The IT Stimulus Package
• 1997, A Budget Increase of NTD 6.4723 Billion in Information Education
• Computer labs for All Elementary and Secondary Schools and One PC per Student with Internet Connections
• Information Literate Teachers: All Teachers Able to Use Computers
• ADSL Connection, Upload Bandwidth: 384K; Download: 1.544M, Monthly Fee: NTD 2,050 ; (NTD 1100, from April 2001)
Percentage of School Internet Connections
Levels 1998/7/1 1999/6/30
University 100% 100%
High School 100% 100%
Middle School 72% 100%
Elementary School 24% 100%
The Potential and Opportunity of Taiwan
Teachers’ Training in The Stimulus Package
• New Teaching and Learning models toward Information Society
• Basic Information Technology Training for All School Personnel
• Assist Teachers to Apply Information Technology in teaching
Teachers Training Workshop (1)
Teachers Training Workshop (2)
The Follow-up Agenda (2001)
• Environment: Interactive IT education implemented in All Classrooms
• Courses: 9-year Integrated Curriculum Design to Include Information Technology in All Disciplines
• Teacher: Information Literate
• Teaching Material: Enrichment of Digitized Materials (Network and CD-ROM)
The Goals of Agenda
• Merge into the essence of education– Information access everywhere– Learning actively and joyfully– Learning cooperatively and creatively– Lifelong Learning for knowledge accumulation
Strategies–I
• A superior IT education environment, every school has basic bandwidth connection
• Encourage teachers and students to purchase proper IT equipments and use properly.
• Apply IT in curriculum, innovate teaching and learning models, and develop local features in different cities.
Strategies–II
• Open resource and open platform to create integrated and exchangeable learning materials, to share the educational Intellectual Property.
• Training and supporting all teachers to use IT in classroom activities, and embed in pre-service teacher trainings.
• Set up “seed” schools to develop teaching and learning models, and encourage IT workgroups formed in every subject.
Strategies–III
• Create a learning community of parents, teachers and students by joining schools and community, and encourage enterprise involvement.
• Using IT to improve the administrative procedures and the IT literacy of all school members, so as to support teaching and administration mutually .
Expected Results
• Global Resource-sharing Through Internet
• Fast Dissemination and Exchange of Information and learning resources through Internet
• To Improve Traditional Teaching and the Quality of Education
• Unlimited Access to Knowledge to Provide Life-long Learning
• Business Opportunities for Industries
The eTaiwan Project in Education
• eGeneration Education
• Digital Content
2002-2008
Educational Sites Given Short Shrift by Students
USA TODAY 2/21/2000
Spending more time on fun and games
than schoolwork
The Challenges on Pedagogy Shift
Teacher-center vs. Learner-center
Instruction vs. Learning
Classroom Learning Community vs. Virtual Learning Community
The Objects in eLearning
C ontent
NetworkedL earning
C ommunity
1. People
2. Content
3. Learning Community
The community of learners are important resources and schools differ in their access to human intellectual resources.
The Shifts of Schooling
Internet technology makes it feasible to exponentially increase the community of people involved in education.
Students can spend time teaching and learning from people who could not visit their class.
Some of the most successful teachers use information technology in concert with a shift in the teacher's role from lecturer to mentor of student learning through inquiry.
The New Roles for Teachers
The Challenges to Teachers in eLearningThe Challenges to Teachers in eLearning
1. Create Digital Content
2. Design Networked Learning Activities
3. Provide Learning Supports and Coaching
4. Learning Evaluation
In the K-12 context, many observers feel it is important to engage parents more in their children's learning. The combination of increased information technology use in classroom settings and the desire to increase parental involvement suggests that there is a need to train parents better in learning technologies and to provide parents better access to the technologies. Shared use of information technology can also lead to closer and more frequent communication between teacher and parent.
The New Roles for Parents
The Challenges to Parents in eLearning
1. Learning Companions
2. Learning Assistants and Facilitators
3. Security Supervisors
The Challenges to Students in eLearningThe Challenges to Students in eLearning
1. Active Learners
2. Partners in Collaborative Learning
3. Tutors and Feedback Providers
1. Anytime
2. Anywhere
3. Anyway
4. Any people
eLearning Environments: The New Paradigm
Knowledge Hierarchy and Active Learning Activities
KnowledgeHierarchy
SemanticKnowledge
ConstructiveKnowledge
Procedural &Strategic
Knowledge
A c tive L earningA c tivities
Observation
DemoPresentationEvaluation
Meta-cognition
Navigation
Communication
OngoingAssessment
Interactive and Collaborative Learning Environments
Teachers
Students StudentsSociety
Schools
Teachers
Schools
Society
Students Students