For this presentation you will need the following: 1.  one pen or pencil 2.  one colored pencil or marker

The Cell Theory

•  The Cell Theory arose after hundreds of years of _____________, and many scientists. A few key scientists involved in the cell theory are ___________, ______________, ___________ and ________________.

Robert Hooke- The first scientist to describe what he saw as “_________” when viewing samples of __________ under the microscope in __________.

The Cell Theory Nearly 200 years later, Matthias Schleiden viewed ___________________ ______________ under the microscope and discovered they were made up of cells.

Around the same time as Schleiden, Theodor Schwann viewed ____________ ___________________ under a microscope and realized that they, too were made up of cells.

The Cell Theory Finally, Rudolf Virchow witnessed cell division under the microscope and learned that all _________________ _____________________________.

The findings of these scientists, among others, lead to the cell theory, which states: •  ___________________________________. •  __________________________________

___________________________________. •  Cells come from _______________________.

TYPES OF CELLS

! Defined by having a __________. ! Defined by having _________________. •  _________________ cells.

! Defined by NOT having a nucleus •  ______________________.

Common Cell Features Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain: •  DNA •  __________________ (protects cell and allows

things in and out of the cell). •  ______________ (protein making factories). •  ______________ (water-based substance inside

the cell). These are typically the ____________________between

the two different types of cells.

________________cells contain organelles, a word

that literally means “little organ”. Organelles have __________ ______________that they employ throughout the cell.

There are approximately a dozen different organelles!

What is it? a large, central _________________________ which contains ________. Where is it found? All eukaryotic cells! (BOTH plant and animal cells have a nucleus). What does it do? _____________

What is it? A ___________membrane that _______________________. These “______________” allow certain substances to pass into and out of the nucleus. Where is it found? In all eukaryotic cells; BOTH plant and animal. What does it do? The nuclear envelope _____________________ and allows RNA to

leave the nucleus.

What is it? A dense structure contained within the nucleus. Where is it found? Inside the __________ of eukaryotic cells. What does it do? It is responsible for ____________________.

What is it? ______________ ______________ _____________. Where is it found? Connected to the nucleus and branching out into

the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells.

Endoplasmic Reticulum con’t What does it do? ___________________within the cell, as well as many

different chemical reactions including __________ ________________________. ER is like the highway

system of the cell!

Smooth E.R. (_________________)

Rough E.R. (_______________)

TW O TYPES

What is it? A membrane-bound organelle, which ______________ ______________. Where is it found? The ___________ of all eukaryotic cells.

Golgi Body con’t

What does it do? Acts like a _______________ by packaging

proteins in ___________ and ____________ them to other parts of the cell.

Vesicles containing proteins exit the Golgi body and are sent to parts of the cell that need them.

What are they? Vesicles that contain powerful ___________________. Where are they found? In all eukaryotic cells. What do they do? Break down old cell parts and ___________________________. *Peroxisomes are identical to lysosomes, except they contain

hydrogen peroxide.

.

What is it? ________________ ________________ _______________ _______________

____________. Where is it found? All eukaryotic cells.

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What does it do? Generates _______. (cellular energy)

Mitochondria have two membranes; an inner and an outer. Unique because these organelles have their own DNA (known as Eve’s DNA).

Vacuoles differ among plant and animal cells. _____________________ _____________________

There is ONE, _________________ _______________. The central vacuole of plants stores ____________ and nutrients, and also aids in cellular digestion.

There are _________________vacuoles. The vacuoles of animal cells do not store water or nutrients, but rather store __________ as they aid in cellular digestion.

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What are they? Small membrane bound ______. Where are they found? Eukaryotic Cells What do they do? __________ various items around the cell.

Cytoskeleton: A network of _______________ which help the organelles and cell move, and __________________. The cytoskeleton ____________________, as the name implies.

The main components of the cytoskeleton: -____________ -actin filaments (or microfilaments) -________________

What are they? Small ____________structures made up of protein filaments; part of the cytoskeleton. Where are they found? All eukaryotic cells. What do they do? Help _____________________ throughout the cell.

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What are they? _______________________. Where are they found? _______________________! What do they do? Assist during _______________ (dividing of the

nucleus, mitosis).

What are they? Membrane-bound organelles that

_____________________________. Where are they found? __________________! What do they do? ___________________ _________________ for photosynthesis.

What is it? A structure consisting of _____________ that surrounds the cell membrane. Where is it found? Within eukaryotes the cell wall is ONLY found in ________ _______, however all prokary- otes also have a cell wall. What does it do? _____________the cell and maintains ________________.