The Cell FactoryThe Cell Factory

ORGANELLE—ORGANELLE—

is a specific structure of a is a specific structure of a cell having specialized functions.having specialized functions.

THE CELL CAN BE SPLIT INTO 3 THE CELL CAN BE SPLIT INTO 3 DEPARTMENTSDEPARTMENTS

PLASMA MEMBRANEPLASMA MEMBRANE CYTOPLASMCYTOPLASM NUCLEUSNUCLEUS

Cell MembraneCell Membrane

Is made up of a Is made up of a phospholipid bilayer, phospholipid bilayer, proteins and proteins and cholesterol.cholesterol.

Helps regulate what Helps regulate what comes into and out of comes into and out of the cell.the cell.

Communicates with Communicates with other cells.other cells.

CELL WALLCELL WALL

Not found in animal Not found in animal cells.cells.

Gives support and extra Gives support and extra strong protection. strong protection.

THE CYTOPLASMTHE CYTOPLASM

Organelles are Organelles are suspended in the suspended in the cytoplasm.cytoplasm.

Section between the cell Section between the cell membrane and the membrane and the nucleus.nucleus.

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) (ER)

Has ribosomes on the Has ribosomes on the outer surface.outer surface.

Proteins are modified Proteins are modified here once it is made by here once it is made by the ribosome.the ribosome.

Smooth ERSmooth ER

The large amount of The large amount of surface area allows surface area allows the cell to synthesize the cell to synthesize lipidslipids and and carbohydratescarbohydrates

Ribosomes Ribosomes

Can be found on Can be found on Rough ER or free Rough ER or free floating.floating.

Are spherical Are spherical proteins with a proteins with a strand of RNA.strand of RNA.

Provides location Provides location for protein for protein synthesissynthesis..

VacuolesVacuoles

Area of storage within a Area of storage within a cell.cell.

Much larger in plants.Much larger in plants.

Lysosomes—Garbage men of the Lysosomes—Garbage men of the Factory.Factory.

Contain enzymes that Contain enzymes that break down large break down large molecules into smaller molecules into smaller ones.ones.

Destroys worn out or Destroys worn out or injured cells.injured cells.

Golgi ApparatusGolgi Apparatus

Receives proteins from Receives proteins from ER.ER.

Modifies and sends Modifies and sends proteins where they proteins where they need to go (possibly need to go (possibly outside the cell).outside the cell).

MitochondriaMitochondria

Power House of the cell.Power House of the cell. Site of cellular Site of cellular

respiration and electron respiration and electron transport chain.transport chain.

ChloroplastChloroplast Not found in animal Not found in animal

cells.cells. Converts light energy to Converts light energy to

usable chemical energy usable chemical energy in a plant.in a plant.

PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis

MicrotubulesMicrotubules

Function to move Function to move organelles and organelles and chromosomes chromosomes around cell.around cell.

Supports the cell’s Supports the cell’s structurestructure

NucleusNucleus Brain of the cell.Brain of the cell. Contain Chromatin Contain Chromatin

(DNA).(DNA). Contain the Contain the

nucleolus.nucleolus.

Nuclear EnvelopeNuclear Envelope

protects the protects the nucleus but has nucleus but has pores to allow pores to allow particles in and out particles in and out of the nucleus.of the nucleus.

NucleolusNucleolus

Makes Makes ribosomes.ribosomes.

Inner most part Inner most part of the nucleus.of the nucleus.