The Can Crusher Group 12 Stanley Andrews Brandon Jefferson

Motivation

•Wanted to incorporate more electrical design into the idea of the “Can Crusher”

•Use pneumatic cylinders (3 pneumatic cylinders in this project)

•Thought it would be something different from previous senior design projects

Objectives• Step 1: Can or water bottle is placed into the trash can. Can/Water

bottle enters hopper and waits for it to be identified by the optical and reflective sensor.

• Step 2: Rotary cylinder rotates the object and sends it down the ramp. • Step 3: Sorter determines route of the object based on feedback from

the sensors. • Step 4: If object is a water bottle, the pneumatic cylinder will extend,

adjusting the direction of the sorter• Step 5: If the object is an aluminum can, it will be routed towards a

push cylinder and crushed• Step 6: Push cylinder crushes the aluminum cans and sends remains to

the storage bin• Step 7: Process continues until storage sensor alerts operator that

storage bin is 90 %filled.• Step 8: Once storage reaches 90%. Can crusher goes into “Stop” mode.

Items from storage bin, can then be removed.

Features• Fully automatic can crusher and sorter • Detect when an object is placed in the hopper• Be able to distinguish between an aluminum can

and a water bottle • Sort the water bottle into a separate storage bin

from the aluminum cans• Be able to crush the aluminum cans and put into

storage bin • Detect when the storage bins are full • Have three different modes “Standby”,

“Operational”, “Stop”

Hopper

Hopper• Where the bottle and cans will be placed • Be able hold 16.9 FL oz. water bottle and

12 - 16 oz. aluminum cans • Two sensors will mount to detect the

object inside the hopper

Sensors•Parallax Ultrasonic Sensor•Reflective Optical Sensor

Parallax Ultrasonic Sensor

• Part a) is the ideal circumstance you would want to be in. The sensors should be facing the object on a level plane

Parallax Ultrasonic Sensor

PING Ultrasonic SensorDetector Type UltrasonicDimensions 16 x 46 x

22(mm)Peaking Operating distance

2-3 (cm)

Supply Current 30 mAVoltage 5 V

Reflective Optical SensorBanner SM2A312LVDetector Type

Retro-reflective

Dimensions 66 x 12.2 x 30.7 (mm)

Peak operating distance

50mm – 2m

Output current

Minimum of 5 mA

Voltage 24- 240 V AC

TCRT5000 Reflective Optical Sensor Detector type Phototransistor Dimensions 10.2 x 5.8 x

7(mm)Peak operating distance

2.5 mm

Output current 1 mAEmitter Wavelength

950 nm

Voltage 5 V

Reflective Optical Sensor• Get the best results (peak

operating distance) at 2.5 mm

• One of the challenges will be to get it close enough to the object stored in the “hopper”

Aluminum Cans/ Water bottles

Terms of Service •We ask that all contents are empty •All objects must be placed horizontally in

the hopper•By default system will be in “standby

mode”, once an object is placed inside, the system will go into operational mode

•If storage bin is full no objects can be placed into the system

Design OverviewHopper

Ramp Sorter Can crusher

Aluminum Can

Sensors

Rotary Cylinder

Hopper

Sensors

Rotary cylinder

Sorter

Storage bin

Design Overview

Sorter• The idea is called the “Swinging lid”

• Uses pneumatic cylinder to be able to “swing” the lid and alter the objects path

• Routes Aluminum Cans to Can Crusher

• Routes Water bottles to storage bin

Motors/ Air CompressorElectric motors Air CompressorPros • Uses Standard Outlet • Option to convert AC to DC • Very Compact and small to

maneuver and place anywhereCons• Most motors only have one

speed• No way to speed up or slow

down the project• Very Expenses for high power

motors• Only can

Pros• Uses a Standard Outlet• Able to adjust the air pressure • Ability to control the speed of the motor

by the PSI• Option to convert AC to DC• Not to expensive economy for the

budget• Can use air solenoid valves that can

control of a multiple operated air pressure components

Cons• Tank will have to be refilled when low

on air • Will need multiple air hoses• Very big hard to hide and maneuver • Very loud when filling up the tank

Air Compressor Horsepower (HP) 0.33

Tank Capacity (Gallons)

2.0

Tank Type Portable

Voltage 120 V

Amps (Amps) 2.0

Pneumatic cylinders•Rotary Cylinder•Mini cylinder (sorter)•Double Acting Cylinder (can crusher)

Kevinkrusher 11.0

KevinKrusher II.0

Chamber Length 6 1/2" minimum

PSI 60 -120

Cylinder Type Double action 2.0 bore x 6.0 stroke cylinder

Mounted Vertical or Horizontal

Price $157.00

Can Crusher

• Double Action Stroke Pneumatic Cylinder

• Max Pressure: 1.0 Mpa• Diameter: 8.5mm

(Approx.)• Thread Rod Diameter:

9mm (Approx.)• Size: 4.5 x 4.5 x 32cm/

1.8" x 1.8" x 12.6"

Mini Cylinder

• Double Action• Max Pressure: 1.0 Mpa• Diameter: 8.5mm

(Approx.)• Thread Rod Diameter:

6mm (Approx.)• Size: 1.5 x 1.1 x 1.5cm/

0.5" x 0.4" x 0.6"

Cylinders

Air Solenoid Type: 2 Position 5

way

Voltage: 12V DC

Power 2.5W

Current .208 AmpsValve Fittings: 1/8" BSPT

(British standard pipe tapered)

Total Needed 3

Micro ControllerArduino UnoATMEGA 328

Operating Voltage

5 V

Input Voltage (recommended)

7-12 V

Input Voltage (limits)

6-20 V

Digital I/O Pins 14Analog Input Pins

6

DC Current per I/O

40 mA

DC Current for 3.3V Pin

50 mA

Flash Memory 32 KBClock Speed 16

Arduino Uno Schematic

Storage Bins

• Two storage bins • Aluminum Can and Water

Bottle • Each bin will have Parallax

Ultrasonic sensor • Once storage reaches

90%. Can crusher goes into “Stop” mode

EnclosureTrash Can Cabinet

LEDsGreen•Operational mode

Yellow•Standby Mode•Default

Red•Stop Mode

Blinking Red•Indicates to user when the Aluminum Can storage bin is full

LED Schematic

Power Supply

120 ACTransformer AC/DC• +- 12V• +-5V

12 V DC• Air

Solenoid (3)

5 V DC• Microcont

roller• LEDs• Sensors

Power Supply Schematic T1

115:12:12:12:12

Q52N2608

D3

1N4001G C3

1000µFR710kΩ

R810kΩ

Q6

2N3905

R9

4.7kΩ

Q32N2608

D2

1N4001G C21000µF

R410kΩ

R510kΩ

Q4

2N3905

R6

4.7kΩ

Q12N2608

D1

1N4001G C11000µF

R110kΩ

R210kΩ

Q2

2N3905

R3

4.7kΩ

HB1

Can Crusher

IO1IO2

IO3

HB2

Actutator

IO1IO2

IO3

HB3

Rotating Cylinder

IO1IO2

IO3

U1LM7805CTLINE VREG

COMMON

VOLTAGE

HB4

MicroController

IO1 IO2IO3IO4

V1

120 Vrms 60 Hz 0°

Work DistributionStanley Andrews Brandon Jefferson Power Supply SensorsSolenoids/ Cylinders MicrocontrollerPrinted Circuit Board Printed Circuit Board

Software Implementation Software Implementation

BudgetNomenclature Cost (each) Number Total Cost

Optical Sensor $29.99 3 95.35

TCRT5000 Reflective Sensor

$1.00 10 $10.00

Double Acting Cylinder

$29.99 1 $38.46

Mini Cylinder $16.47 1 $21.61

Rotary Cylinder $40.00 – $55.00 1 $60.00

Air Solenoid $11.20 4 $57.54

Air Valve Fittings $1.48 14 $26.63

Air Valve Mufflers $1.19 8 $15.05

LEDs $1.99-$3.50 5 $20.00

Development Board $12 1 $14.78

Air Compressor $99.99 1 $105.98

PCB $65.00 1 $65.00

Miscellaneous $100.00

Total Cost $1040 $630.40

Progression

Overall

Testing

Prototype

Design

Research

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Issues

•Clear object detection•Sorter•Software Design

Questions