The C-CFSR or Some of My Best Friends are Outcome Measures National Resource Center for Child...
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Transcript of The C-CFSR or Some of My Best Friends are Outcome Measures National Resource Center for Child...
The C-CFSR or
Some of My Best Friends are Outcome Measures
National Resource Center for Child Welfare Data and Technology
8th National Child Welfare Data Conference July 20, 2005
Barbara Needell, MSW, PhD
Center for Social Services Research
University of California at Berkeley
The Performance Indicators Project is funded by the
California Department of Social Services and the Stuart Foundation
Measuring Child Welfare Outcomes
Child In Child OutA bunch of stuff happens
*adapted from Lyle, G. L., & Barker, M.A. (1998) Patterns & Spells: New approaches to conceptualizing children’s out of home placement experiences. Chicago: American Evaluation Association Annual Conference
Government Performance Results Act of 1993 (GPRA)
Annual Outcomes Report to Congress mandated by Adoption and Safe Families Act (ASFA) of 1997
Statewide Data Indicators in Child and Family Services Reviews -- a subset of the Annual Outcomes—from National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System (NCANDS) and Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System (AFCARS)
California Child Welfare System Improvement and Accountability Act (AB636) became law in 2001 and went into effect in January 2004
Outcomes, outcomes, everywhere
Quarterly distribution of county specific outcome
indicators data• Includes national standards (from AFCARS),
but also draws heavily on previous work done by CWDA and UCB using entry cohort measures
• Mirrors Family to Family Outcomes
• Retains key process measures (e.g., child visits, time to investigation)
Statewide Data Indicators from
AFCARS Stability Of Foster Care
Placement
Length Of Time To Reunification
Foster Care Re-entries
Length Of Time To Adoption
Who is in AFCARS?
AFCARS contains data on children in foster care during a federal fiscal year
Each reporting period’s submission is a separate dataset. Reporting periods are linked together by the Children’s Bureau to form the annual databases. ANNUAL DATABASES ARE NOT LINKED TO EACH OTHER.
11/02 11/03 11/04
Data snapshots can be biased
Source: Aron Shlonsky, University of Toronto (formerly at CSSR)
California EXAMPLE: Age of Foster Children
(2003 first entries, 2003 exits, July 1 2004 caseload)(2003 first entries, 2003 exits, July 1 2004 caseload)
22
31
2220
54
30
2422
19
5
24 24
32
16
0
10
20
30
40
50
<1 1-5 6-10 11-15 16+
Age in Years
Per
cen
t
Entries
Exits
Point in Time
Federal—Of all children who were adopted during the year, what % had been in care for less than 24 months?(national standard = 32%)
State enriched—Of all children entering care for the first time, what % are adopted in less than 24 months? (we do not have state standards)
32% National Standard
• Baseline100 kids adopted, 33 within 24 months=33% substantial conformity achieved
Two pronged approach—faster adoption for 100 new entries (50% adopted within 24 months), additional adoptions for 100 kids in long term care
• 2 years later200 kids adopted, 50 within 24 months=25%substantial conformity NOT achieved
Are you getting better or worse? Data from the Multi State Data Archive
Adoption within 24 Months
State A
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
Ad
op
ted
Federal
State
year
Source: Chapin Hall Center for Children
The Cycle of Experiences in the Child Welfare The Cycle of Experiences in the Child Welfare SystemSystem
CounterbalancedCounterbalancedIndicators ofIndicators of
SystemSystemPerformancePerformance
PermanencyPermanencyThroughThrough
Reunification,Reunification,Adoption, orAdoption, orGuardianshipGuardianship
LengthLengthOf StayOf Stay
StabilityStabilityOf CareOf Care
Rate of Referrals/Rate of Referrals/Substantiated ReferralsSubstantiated Referrals Home-BasedHome-Based
Services vs.Services vs.Out-of-HomeOut-of-Home
CareCare
Positive Positive AttachmentsAttachments
To Family,To Family,Friends, andFriends, andNeighborsNeighbors
Use of LeastUse of LeastRestrictiveRestrictive
Form of CareForm of Care
Source: Usher, C.L., Wildfire, J.B., Gogan, H.C. & Brown, E.L. (2002). Measuring Outcomes in Child Welfare. Chapel Hill: Jordan Institute for Families,
Reentry to CareReentry to Care
Lack of understanding about the limitations of the national standards, and pressure to
achieve “substantial conformity” (pass), could
drive changes in policy and practice that may not be best
for children and families.
Components
• Quarterly distribution of county specific outcome indicators data
• County Self Assessment
• Peer Quality Case Review
• County Self Improvement Plan
• Continuous monitoring of outcomes
AB636=State / County Partnership
• Shifts focus from process measured compliance to outcome based review system, but requires linking outcomes to related processes.
• Data are our friends, not our dictators. • Requires county collaboration with community partners (SIPs signed by Boards of Supervisors).
• Promotes sharing of promising practices among counties.
UCB Website
cssr.berkeley.edu(Child Welfare Services Reports)
includes
age, ethnicity, gender breakoutskin vs non-kin
for all AB636 measures and more
use “Datadude” to examine performance over time
State Websites http://www.dss.cahwnet.gov/cdssweb/
(Child Welfare Systems Improvements)
http://www.childsworld.ca.gov/CDSSCounty_1954.htm
(AB636 Quarterly Reports)