The building blocks of matter! ©2011 University of Illinois Board of Trustees .
Transcript of The building blocks of matter! ©2011 University of Illinois Board of Trustees .
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The building blocks of matter!
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All matter is made of tiny particles called atoms
Atoms are the smallest part of matter
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Solid ball
Daltons Atomic Theory
All matter is made of atoms
Atoms of same element are same, of different elements are different
Atoms combine to form compound
Atoms can not be broken down
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Fixed electrons surrounded by positive material
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Central positive
center (nucleus)
Surrounded by
Electrons
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Positive center of protons and neutrons surrounded by electrons that travel in fixed orbits
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Positive nucleus surrounded by an electron cloud where electrons are likely found
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All matter is made up of atoms
Atoms can be broken down into smaller particles
Atoms combine to form compounds
*Atoms of the same element always have the same number of protons.
*Atoms of the same element can have different masses. These are called “isotopes.”
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Charge = positive 1 (+1)
Mass = 1 amu
Location inside nucleus
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The number of protons in the nucleus determines the atomic number.
Elements are arranged in the table by increasing atomic number
Does not change
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Charge = none (0)
Mass = 1 amu
Location inside nucleus
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The number of protons plus the number
neutrons within the nucleus
This helps identify the Isotope of the element (same Number of protons different number of neutrons)
AKA: Average Atomic Mass©2011 University of Illinois Board of Trustees • http://islcs.ncsa.illinois.edu/copyright
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Represents the element name with the atomic number and mass number
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Charge = negative 1 (-1)
mass= 1/1836 of a proton
Location orbit around the nucleus
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An atom is a neutral particle
The net charge is zero
Number of electrons = Number of protons
16 protons = 16 electrons
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