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Transcript of The Book of Romans · The Book of Romans 1 ... The English-Greek Reverse Interlinear New Testament...
The Book of Romans
1:1–12 I. The Exordium (“Introduction”):
1:1–7 A. The Inauguration of Paul’s Communication with the Christians
in Rome: Sender, Apostolic Credentials, Confession, Address,
and Greeting
1:8–12 B. Thanksgiving and Causa (“Issue”): The Announcement and
Rationale of Paul’s Forthcoming Visit
1:13–15 II. The Narratio (“Statement of Facts”): The Background of Paul’s
Missionary Project
1:16–17 III. The Propositio (“Thesis, Basic Contention”): The Thesis about the
Gospel as the Powerful Embodiment of the Righteousness of God
1:18—15:13 IV. The Probatio (“Proof”): Four Proofs of the Thesis and Its
Implications for the Roman Congregations
1:18—4:25 A. The First Proof: The Gospel Expresses the Impartial
Righteousness of God by Overturning Claims of Cultural
Superiority and by Rightwising Jews and Greeks through
Grace Alone
1:18–32 1. The Revelation of Divine Wrath
1:18–23 a. Thesis and Rationale: The Exposure of Human
Suppression of the Truth about God
1:24–32 b. Elaboration: Human Distortion as a Current Indication
of Divine Wrath
2:1–29 2. The Righteous Judgment of Greeks and Jews
2:1–16 a. Diatribe concerning Impartial Judgment according to
Works
2:17–29 b. Diatribe concerning the Nonexemption of Jews from
Impartial Judgment
3:1–20 3. The Evidence of Universal Sin
3:1–8 a. Diatribe Refuting Objections to Impartial Judgment
3:9–20 b. Diatribe and Catena of Quotations Demonstrating
Universal Sin
3:21–31 4. The Righteousness of God and Setting Right of All by
Faith Alone
3:21–26 a. Thesis and Rationale Concerning the Triumph of
Righteousness in Christ
3:27–31 b. Diatribe Affirming the One God of Jews and Gentiles
4:1–25 5. Abraham and the Righteousness That Comes through Faith
4:1–12 a. Diatribe and the First Part of a Midrash Showing That
Abraham Received Righteousness by Faith before He
Was Circumcised
4:13–25 b. Expansion of the Midrash Showing That Abraham’s
Promise Comes to Those Who Are Righteous through
Faith
5:1—8:39 B. The Second Proof: Life in Christ as a New System of Honor
That Replaces the Quest for Status through Conformity to the
Law
5:1–11 1. Introduction: Righteousness in Christ Requires a New
System of Boasting
5:12–21 2. Abundant Grace in Christ Overwhelms Adam’s Reign of
Death
6:1–14 3. Diatribe and Enthymemes Concerning the Death of the
Sinful Self and the New Life in Christ
6:15–23 4. Diatribe Concerning Living to God under the Grace and the
Lordship of Christ
7:1–6 5. Syllogism Concerning Life in Christ as Freedom from the
Law
7:7–12 6. Speech-in-Character Concerning the Moral Status of the
Law
7:13–25 7. Speech-in-Character Concerning the Effect of the Law
8:1–17 8. Thesis and Rationale Concerning the Cosmic Struggle
Between Flesh and Spirit
8:18–30 9. Thesis and Rationale Concerning the Hopeful Suffering of
the Children of God
8:31–39 10. Conclusion: The Status of the Elect Based on Divine Love
9:1—11:36 C. The Third Proof: The Triumph of Divine Righteousness in the
Gospel’s Mission to Israel and the Gentiles
9:1–5 1. Introduction: The Tragic Riddle of Israel’s Unbelief
9:6–18 2. Thesis and the First Part of a Midrash on Israel and the
Righteousness of Divine Election
9:19–29 3. Diatribe and the Second Half of a Midrash Refuting
Objections
9:30—10:4 4. Diatribe on the Failure to Submit to Divine Righteousness,
Which Is Caused by Misguided Zeal
10:5–13 5. Pesher Confirming Righteousness by Faith
10:14–21 6. Syllogism and Citation-Chain Concerning the Gospel
Preached But Rejected
11:1–10 7. Diatribe and Midrash Concerning the Status of Israel
11:11–24 8. Diatribe and Allegorical Enthymeme dealing with the
Missional Purpose of Israel’s Trespass
11:25–32 9. Oracular Disclosure and Enthymeme on the Mystery of
Global Salvation
11:33–36 10. Conclusion: A Hymn on the Majesty of God as Revealed in
the Mysterious Plan of Global Salvation
12:1—15:13 D. The Fourth Proof: Living Together according to the Gospel so
as to Sustain the Hope of Global Transformation
12:1–2 1. Introduction: The Thesis concerning the Motivation and
Assessment of Praiseworthy Behavior
12:3–8 2. The Elaboration of Sober Self-Assessment and the Exercise
of Charismatic Gifts
12:9–21 3. The Elaboration of Guidelines for Genuine Love
13:1–7 4. Diatribe concerning Fulfilling Obligations to the Governing
Authorities
13:8–10 5. The Admonition to Fulfill Law through the Agape Meal
13:11–14 6. The Admonition to Moral Alertness in the Last Days
14:1–12 7. Exemplary Guidelines for the Weak and the Strong
14:13–23 8. Exemplary Guidelines for Mutual Upbuilding in Pluralistic
Congregations
15:1–6 9. The Obligation to Follow Christ’s Example in Edifying
Each Other
15:7–13 10. Conclusion: Recapitulating the Inclusive Ethic That Will
Contribute to the Mission of Global Transformation
15:14—16:23 V. The Peroratio (“Conclusion”) An Appeal for Cooperation in
Missionary Activities in Jerusalem, Rome, and Spain
15:14–21 A. Recapitulation of Paul’s Missionary Calling and Strategy
15:22–33 B. The Report on Travel Pans and an Appeal to Participate in
Present and Future Missionary Activities
16:1–2 C. The Recommendation of Phoebe as Missionary Patroness
16:3–16, 21–23 D. Greetings and Commendations between Ministerial Leaders
16:3–16a 1. Greetings to Congregational Leaders in Rome
16:16b, 21–23 2. Greetings from Congregational Leaders in Corinth and
Elsewhere
16:17–20a The First Interpolation: The Church’s Campaign against Heretics
16:25–27 The Second Interpolation: The Supersessionist Doxology
16:24, 20b E. The Epistolary Benediction1
1 Jewett, R., & Kotansky, R. D. (2006). Romans: A commentary. (E. J. Epp, Ed.) (pp. vii–ix). Minneapolis,
MN: Fortress Press.
WORD BY WORD
The English-Greek Reverse Interlinear New Testament English Standard Version
Romans 5:12
Διὰ τοῦτο ὥσπερ διʼ ἑνὸς ἀνθρώπου ἡ
ἁμαρτία εἰς τὸν κόσμον εἰσῆλθεν καὶ διὰ τῆς
ἁμαρτίας ὁ θάνατος, καὶ οὕτως εἰς πάντας
ἀνθρώπους ὁ θάνατος διῆλθεν ἐφʼ ᾧ πάντες
ἥμαρτον— | ESV NT RI
Therefore, just as sin came into the world
through one man, and death through sin, and
so death spread to all men because all sinned
| ESV
ἑνὸς henos Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death
through sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned—
εἷς heis one
adjective, genitive, singular, masculine
Sense: one (single unit) – used of a single unit or thing; not two or more.
BDAG one; one and the same; someone, anyone; the first
LSJ
Louw-Nida one
ἀνθρώπου anthrōpou Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death
through sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned—
ἄνθρωπος anthrōpos man
noun, genitive, singular, masculine
Sense: man – an adult person who is male, as opposed to a woman; sometimes referred
to collectively as men.
BDAG a human being; man; someone, one, a person.; the outer being; the inner being;
new being; the person; a certain person; a human figure
LSJ man; gods; the men
Louw-Nida man
ἁμαρτία hamartia Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death through
sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned—
ἁμαρτία hamartia sin
noun, nominative, singular, feminine
Sense: sin (personification) – sin personified as a destructive and depraved principle
reigning over unbelievers and persisting in believers; especially as a slavemaster doling
out payment with the currency of death and decay.
BDAG sin; sinfulness
LSJ a failure, fault; error
Louw-Nida to sin, to engage in wrongdoing, sin
κόσμον kosmon Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death through
sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned—
κόσμος kosmos world
noun, accusative, singular, masculine
Sense: world (creation) – the created realm considered as a distinct, spatial-temporal
entity in distinction to the heavenly realm.
BDAG adornment, adorning; orderly arrangement, order; the world, the (orderly)
universe; the world; totality, sum total
LSJ order; order, duly; shamefully; in order; becomingly; in; natural order
Louw-Nida cosmos, universe
εἰσῆλθεν eisēlthen Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death
through sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned—
εἰσέρχομαι eiserchomai enter; go in
(to)
verb, aorist, active, indicative, third person, singular
Sense: to happen ⇔ enter – to happen, conceived of as something entering into someone
or something.
BDAG enter; come into; someth.; happen, develop
LSJ go in; into, enter; invaded; come into; enter the ranks of; enter; house, visit; pay a
visit; come in
Louw-Nida to happen, to come into
ἁμαρτίας hamartias Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death
through sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned—
ἁμαρτία hamartia sin
noun, genitive, singular, feminine
Sense: sin (personification) – sin personified as a destructive and depraved principle
reigning over unbelievers and persisting in believers; especially as a slavemaster doling
out payment with the currency of death and decay.
BDAG sin; sinfulness
LSJ a failure, fault; error
Louw-Nida to sin, to engage in wrongdoing, sin
θάνατος thanatos Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death through
sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned—
θάνατος thanatos death
noun, nominative, singular, masculine
Sense: death (event) – the event of dying or departure from life.
BDAG death; fatal illness, pestilence
LSJ death; the death threatened; to death
Louw-Nida to die, death
οὕτως houtōs Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death through sin,
and so death spread to all men because all sinned—
οὕτως houtōs so; thus; in this way
adverb
Sense: thus – in the way indicated.
BDAG in this manner, thus, so; in this way, as follows; so; without further ado, just,
simply
LSJ in this way; manner, so, thus; thus, as follows; so; on this supposition; so in this way
Louw-Nida so, thus, in this way
πάντας pantas Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death through
sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned—
πᾶς pas every; all
adjective, accusative, plural, masculine
Sense: each – (used of count nouns) every one considered individually.
BDAG each, every, any; any and every, every; all; whole; every kind of, all sorts of
LSJ all; the whole; every
Louw-Nida all, every, each, whole
ἀνθρώπους anthrōpous Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death
through sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned—
ἄνθρωπος anthrōpos man
noun, accusative, plural, masculine
Sense: person – a human being; sometimes referred to collectively as people.
BDAG a human being; man; someone, one, a person.; the outer being; the inner being;
new being; the person; a certain person; a human figure
LSJ man; gods; the men
Louw-Nida person, human being, individual; people, persons, mankind
θάνατος thanatos Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death through
sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned—
θάνατος thanatos death
noun, nominative, singular, masculine
Sense: death (event) – the event of dying or departure from life.
BDAG death; fatal illness, pestilence
LSJ death; the death threatened; to death
Louw-Nida to die, death
διῆλθεν diēlthen Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death through
sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned—
διέρχομαι dierchomai pass
through; go through
verb, aorist, active, indicative, third person, singular
Sense: to spread ⇔ pass through – to distribute or disperse widely; understood as
something making a passage or journey from one place to another.
BDAG go (through); review; penetrate.
LSJ go through, pass through
Louw-Nida to move on to, to go on to
πάντες pantes Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death through sin,
and so death spread to all men because all sinned—
πᾶς pas every; all
adjective, nominative, plural, masculine
Sense: each – (used of count nouns) every one considered individually.
BDAG each, every, any; any and every, every; all; whole; every kind of, all sorts of
LSJ all; the whole; every
Louw-Nida all, every, each, whole
ἥμαρτον hēmarton Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death
through sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned—
ἁμαρτάνω hamartanō sin
verb, aorist, active, indicative, third person, plural
Sense: to sin – to violate a divine law.
BDAG to sin
LSJ miss the mark; miss
Louw-Nida to sin, to engage in wrongdoing, sin
Romans 5:13
ἄχρι γὰρ νόμου ἁμαρτία ἦν ἐν κόσμῳ,
ἁμαρτία δὲ οὐκ ἐλλογεῖται μὴ ὄντος νόμου,
| ESV NT RI
for sin indeed was in the world before the
law was given, but sin is not counted where
there is no law | ESV
νόμου nomou for sin indeed was in the world before the law was given, but sin is not
counted where there is no law.
νόμος nomos law
noun, genitive, singular, masculine
Sense: Mosaic law system – the Torah understood as the system of laws, civil statutes,
and priestly ordinances comprising the Mosaic covenant; especially understood as the
means of earning God’s favor.
BDAG a custom, rule, principle, norm; law; sacred ordinance
LSJ that which is in habitual practice, use; possession
Louw-Nida the Law
ἁμαρτία hamartia for sin indeed was in the world before the law was given, but sin is not
counted where there is no law.
ἁμαρτία hamartia sin
noun, nominative, singular, feminine
Sense: sin (personification) – sin personified as a destructive and depraved principle
reigning over unbelievers and persisting in believers; especially as a slavemaster doling
out payment with the currency of death and decay.
BDAG sin; sinfulness
LSJ a failure, fault; error
Louw-Nida to sin, to engage in wrongdoing, sin
ἦν ēn for sin indeed was in the world before the law was given, but sin is not counted where
there is no law.
εἰμί eimi be
verb, imperfect, active, indicative, third person, singular
Sense: to be (somewhere) – to occupy a certain position or area; be somewhere.
BDAG be, exist, be on hand; is; be; live; take place, occur, become, be, be in; it is
possible, one can; be,/come from somewhere; be, belong; be.
LSJ sum
Louw-Nida to be
κόσμῳ kosmō for sin indeed was in the world before the law was given, but sin is not counted
where there is no law.
κόσμος kosmos world
noun, dative, singular, masculine
Sense: world (creation) – the created realm considered as a distinct, spatial-temporal
entity in distinction to the heavenly realm.
BDAG adornment, adorning; orderly arrangement, order; the world, the (orderly)
universe; the world; totality, sum total
LSJ order; order, duly; shamefully; in order; becomingly; in; natural order
Louw-Nida people of the world
ἁμαρτία hamartia for sin indeed was in the world before the law was given, but sin is not
counted where there is no law.
ἁμαρτία hamartia sin
noun, nominative, singular, feminine
Sense: sin (act) – an act or feeling that transgresses something forbidden or ignores
something required by God’s law or character; whether in thought, feeling, speech, or
action.
BDAG sin; sinfulness
LSJ a failure, fault; error
Louw-Nida to sin, to engage in wrongdoing, sin
οὐκ ouk for sin indeed was in the world before the law was given, but sin is not counted where
there is no law.
οὐ ou not
adverb, negative
BDAG no; not; not so?
LSJ fact; statement; will; thought
Louw-Nida not
ἐλλογεῖται ellogeitai for sin indeed was in the world before the law was given, but sin is not
counted where there is no law.
ἐλλογέω ellogeō charge to one’s
account
verb, present, passive, indicative, third person, singular
Sense: to be imputed ⇔ be assessed – to be or become attributed with responsibility or
fault; conceived of as being or becoming charged with a financial payment.
BDAG charge to the account of someone
LSJ reckon, put to an account; to be reckoned in
Louw-Nida to record, to list
μὴ mē for sin indeed was in the world before the law was given, but sin is not counted where
there is no law.
μή mē not
adverb, negative
BDAG not; that…(not), lest; so that…not; ‘it isn’t so, is it, that …?’; whether…not
LSJ not; will; thought; fact; statement
Louw-Nida not
ὄντος ontos for sin indeed was in the world before the law was given, but sin is not counted
where there is no law.
εἰμί eimi be
verb, present, active, participle, singular, genitive, masculine
Sense: to exist – to have an existence, be extant.
BDAG be, exist, be on hand; is; be; live; take place, occur, become, be, be in; it is
possible, one can; be,/come from somewhere; be, belong; be.
LSJ sum
Louw-Nida to be, to exist
νόμου nomou for sin indeed was in the world before the law was given, but sin is not counted
where there is no law.
νόμος nomos law
noun, genitive, singular, masculine
Sense: law of God – any representative declaration of God’s legal requirements for His
creatures; whether in Scripture or in the conscience.
BDAG a custom, rule, principle, norm; law; sacred ordinance
LSJ that which is in habitual practice, use; possession
Louw-Nida the Law
Romans 5:14
ἀλλὰ ἐβασίλευσεν ὁ θάνατος ἀπὸ Ἀδὰμ
μέχρι Μωϋσέως καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς μὴ
ἁμαρτήσαντας ἐπὶ τῷ ὁμοιώματι τῆς
παραβάσεως Ἀδάμ, ὅς ἐστιν τύπος τοῦ
μέλλοντος. | ESV NT RI
Yet death reigned from Adam to Moses,
even over those whose sinning was not like
the transgression of Adam, who was a type
of the one who was to come | ESV
ἐβασίλευσεν ebasileusen Yet death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over those
whose sinning was not like the transgression of Adam, who was a type of the one who
was to come.
βασιλεύω basileuō rule; reign; be
king
verb, aorist, active, indicative, third person, singular
Sense: to reign as king – to rule as a king or supreme ruler over a nation, or to become
ruler or supreme ruler over a nation.
BDAG be king, rule; become king
LSJ to be king, rule, reign; was king; reigned as queen; to have become king; to be king
of, rule over; to be king among; to be governed by a king; submit to the king; to be
governed; administered
Louw-Nida to reign, to control completely
θάνατος thanatos Yet death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over those whose sinning was
not like the transgression of Adam, who was a type of the one who was to come.
θάνατος thanatos death
noun, nominative, singular, masculine
Sense: death (event) – the event of dying or departure from life.
BDAG death; fatal illness, pestilence
LSJ death; the death threatened; to death
Louw-Nida to die, death
Ἀδὰμ Adam Yet death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over those whose sinning was not
like the transgression of Adam, who was a type of the one who was to come.
Ἀδάμ Adam Adam
noun, genitive, singular, masculine
BDAG Adam
Louw-Nida Adam
DBL Greek Adam
Μωϋσέως Mōuseōs Yet death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over those whose sinning was
not like the transgression of Adam, who was a type of the one who was to come.
Μωϋσῆς Mōusēs Moses
noun, genitive, singular, masculine
BDAG Moses
Louw-Nida the Law, the Law of Moses, the Law given through Moses, Moses
M-M
μὴ mē Yet death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over those whose sinning was not like the
transgression of Adam, who was a type of the one who was to come.
μή mē not
adverb, negative
BDAG not; that…(not), lest; so that…not; ‘it isn’t so, is it, that …?’; whether…not
LSJ not; will; thought; fact; statement
Louw-Nida not
ἁμαρτήσαντας hamartēsantas Yet death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over those whose
sinning was not like the transgression of Adam, who was a type of the one who was to come.
ἁμαρτάνω hamartanō sin
verb, aorist, active, participle, plural, accusative, masculine
Sense: to sin – to violate a divine law.
BDAG to sin
LSJ miss the mark; miss
Louw-Nida to sin, to engage in wrongdoing, sin
ὁμοιώματι homoiōmati Yet death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over those whose sinning
was not like the transgression of Adam, who was a type of the one who was to come.
ὁμοίωμα homoiōma form;
appearance; likeness
noun, dative, singular, neuter
Sense: similarity – the quality of being similar (to something).
BDAG likeness; image, form
LSJ likeness, image; similar cases; analogy
Louw-Nida similarity, likeness, being similar
παραβάσεως parabaseōs Yet death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over those whose sinning
was not like the transgression of Adam, who was a type of the one who was to come.
παράβασις parabasis transgression
noun, genitive, singular, feminine
Sense: transgression – the action of going beyond or overstepping some moral boundary
or limit.
BDAG overstepping, transgression
LSJ going aside, escape; deviation; digression
Louw-Nida to disobey, to break the law, to transgress, disobedience, transgression
Ἀδάμ Adam Yet death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over those whose sinning was not
like the transgression of Adam, who was a type of the one who was to come.
Ἀδάμ Adam Adam
noun, genitive, singular, masculine
BDAG Adam
Louw-Nida Adam
DBL Greek Adam
ἐστιν estin Yet death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over those whose sinning was not like
the transgression of Adam, who was a type of the one who was to come.
εἰμί eimi be
verb, present, active, indicative, third person, singular
Sense: to be (quality) – to have the quality of being.
BDAG be, exist, be on hand; is; be; live; take place, occur, become, be, be in; it is
possible, one can; be,/come from somewhere; be, belong; be.
LSJ sum
Louw-Nida to be
τύπος typos Yet death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over those whose sinning was not like
the transgression of Adam, who was a type of the one who was to come.
τύπος typos pattern; example;
type
noun, nominative, singular, masculine
Sense: archetype – an example that prefigures or foreshadows what is to come;
understood as a container into which liquid is poured to create a given shape when it
hardens.
BDAG mark, trace; copy, image; image, statue; form, figure, pattern; text, content; type,
pattern, model; design, pattern; example, pattern; types
LSJ blow; beat
Louw-Nida archetype, figure, foreshadow, symbol
μέλλοντος mellontos Yet death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over those whose sinning
was not like the transgression of Adam, who was a type of the one who was to come.
μέλλω mellō be about to; is going
to
verb, present, active, participle, singular, genitive, masculine
Sense: to be about to – to be imminent or impending; occur soon in the future.
BDAG be about to; be destined, inevitable; (in the) future, to come; delay
LSJ
Louw-Nida to be about to
Romans 5:15
Ἀλλʼ οὐχ ὡς τὸ παράπτωμα, οὕτως καὶ τὸ
χάρισμα· εἰ γὰρ τῷ τοῦ ἑνὸς παραπτώματι οἱ
πολλοὶ ἀπέθανον, πολλῷ μᾶλλον ἡ χάρις
τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ ἡ δωρεὰ ἐν χάριτι τῇ τοῦ ἑνὸς
ἀνθρώπου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ εἰς τοὺς πολλοὺς
ἐπερίσσευσεν. | ESV NT RI
But the free gift is not like the trespass. For
if many died through one man’s trespass,
much more have the grace of God and the
free gift by the grace of that one man Jesus
Christ abounded for many | ESV
οὐχ ouch But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one man’s
trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man
Jesus Christ abounded for many.
οὐ ou not
adverb, negative
BDAG no; not; not so?
LSJ fact; statement; will; thought
Louw-Nida not
παράπτωμα paraptōma But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one
man’s trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man
Jesus Christ abounded for many.
παράπτωμα paraptōma sin; trespass
noun, nominative, singular, neuter
Sense: sin ⇔ transgression – a sin understood especially as the action of going beyond
or overstepping some boundary or limit.
BDAG offense, wrongdoing, sin
LSJ false step, slip, blunder
Louw-Nida transgression, sin
οὕτως houtōs
οὕτως houtōs so; thus; in this way
adverb
Sense: thus – in the way indicated.
BDAG in this manner, thus, so; in this way, as follows; so; without further ado, just,
simply
LSJ in this way; manner, so, thus; thus, as follows; so; on this supposition; so in this way
Louw-Nida so, thus, in this way
καὶ kai
καί kai and
adverb, emphatic
BDAG and; also, likewise
LSJ and; even, also, just
Louw-Nida and, and also, also, in addition, even
χάρισμα charisma But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one man’s
trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man Jesus
Christ abounded for many.
χάρισμα charisma gift
noun, nominative, singular, neuter
Sense: present ⇔ grace – a present given as a sign of beneficent favor.
BDAG favor bestowed, gift
LSJ grace, favour; gift of God’s grace; favour bestowed
Louw-Nida gift, gracious gift
ἑνὸς henos But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one man’s trespass,
much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man Jesus Christ
abounded for many.
εἷς heis one
adjective, genitive, singular, masculine
Sense: one (single unit) – used of a single unit or thing; not two or more.
BDAG one; one and the same; someone, anyone; the first
LSJ
Louw-Nida one
παραπτώματι paraptōmati But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through
one man’s trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one
man Jesus Christ abounded for many.
παράπτωμα paraptōma sin; trespass
noun, dative, singular, neuter
Sense: sin ⇔ transgression – a sin understood especially as the action of going beyond
or overstepping some boundary or limit.
BDAG offense, wrongdoing, sin
LSJ false step, slip, blunder
Louw-Nida transgression, sin
πολλοὶ polloi But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one man’s
trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man Jesus
Christ abounded for many.
πολύς polys great; many; much
adjective, nominative, plural, masculine
Sense: multitude (gathering) – a multitude (throng) or a large gathering of people.
BDAG many, a great number of; much, extensive
LSJ
Louw-Nida many, a great deal of, a great number of
ἀπέθανον apethanon But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one
man’s trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man
Jesus Christ abounded for many.
ἀποθνῄσκω apothnēskō die
verb, aorist, active, indicative, third person, plural
Sense: to die – to pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions
necessary to sustain life.
BDAG die; be about to die, face death, be mortal
LSJ die; to be ready to die
Louw-Nida to die, death
πολλῷ pollō But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one man’s
trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man Jesus
Christ abounded for many.
πολύς polys great; many; much
adjective, dative, singular, neuter
Sense: much – to a great degree or extent.
BDAG many, a great number of; much, extensive
LSJ
Louw-Nida much, great, extensive
μᾶλλον mallon But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one man’s
trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man Jesus
Christ abounded for many.
μᾶλλον mallon instead; more;
rather
adverb
Sense: more (extent) – to a greater degree or extent.
BDAG more; rather, all the more; rather
LSJ more, rather; more than; more and more; exceedingly
Louw-Nida more, more than, to a greater degree, even more
χάρις charis But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one man’s
trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man Jesus
Christ abounded for many.
χάρις charis grace
noun, nominative, singular, feminine
Sense: grace – goodwill freely disseminated (by God); especially to the benefit of the
recipient regardless of the benefit accrued to the disseminator.
BDAG graciousness, attractiveness, charm, winsomeness; favor, grace, gracious
care/help, goodwill; (a sign of) favor, gracious deed/gift, benefaction; favor.; thanks,
gratitude
LSJ grace
Louw-Nida gift, gracious gift
θεοῦ theou But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one man’s trespass,
much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man Jesus Christ
abounded for many.
θεός theos God
noun, genitive, singular, masculine
BDAG deity, god, goddess; God; god
LSJ God, the Deity; God; against his will; bless you! good heavens! for heaven’s sake!
Louw-Nida God
δωρεὰ dōrea But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one man’s
trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man Jesus
Christ abounded for many.
δωρεά dōrea gift
noun, nominative, singular, feminine
Sense: gift – something acquired or given without compensation in return.
BDAG gift, bounty
LSJ gift, present; bounty; legacy; privileges; immunities; gifts in cash; kind; mortis
causa
Louw-Nida gift, present
χάριτι chariti But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one man’s
trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man Jesus
Christ abounded for many.
χάρις charis grace
noun, dative, singular, feminine
Sense: grace – goodwill freely disseminated (by God); especially to the benefit of the
recipient regardless of the benefit accrued to the disseminator.
BDAG graciousness, attractiveness, charm, winsomeness; favor, grace, gracious
care/help, goodwill; (a sign of) favor, gracious deed/gift, benefaction; favor.; thanks,
gratitude
LSJ grace
Louw-Nida to show kindness, to manifest graciousness toward, kindness, graciousness,
grace
ἑνὸς henos But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one man’s trespass,
much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man Jesus Christ
abounded for many.
εἷς heis one
adjective, genitive, singular, masculine
Sense: one (single unit) – used of a single unit or thing; not two or more.
BDAG one; one and the same; someone, anyone; the first
LSJ
Louw-Nida one
ἀνθρώπου anthrōpou But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one
man’s trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man
Jesus Christ abounded for many.
ἄνθρωπος anthrōpos man
noun, genitive, singular, masculine
Sense: man – an adult person who is male, as opposed to a woman; sometimes referred
to collectively as men.
BDAG a human being; man; someone, one, a person.; the outer being; the inner being;
new being; the person; a certain person; a human figure
LSJ man; gods; the men
Louw-Nida man
Ἰησοῦ Iēsou But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one man’s
trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man Jesus
Christ abounded for many.
Ἰησοῦς Iēsous Jesus
noun, genitive, singular, masculine
BDAG Joshua/Jesus.; Joshua, successor of Moses; Jesus, son of Eliezer; Jesus Christ;
Jesus Barabbas; Jesus/Justus
LSJ Joshua
Louw-Nida Jesus, Joshua
Χριστοῦ Christou But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one man’s
trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man Jesus
Christ abounded for many.
Χριστός Christos Christ
noun, genitive, singular, masculine
BDAG the Anointed One, the Messiah, the Christ; Christ
LSJ to be rubbed on, used as ointment; salve; anointing
Louw-Nida Christ
πολλοὺς pollous But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one man’s
trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man Jesus
Christ abounded for many.
πολύς polys great; many; much
adjective, accusative, plural, masculine
Sense: multitude (gathering) – a multitude (throng) or a large gathering of people.
BDAG many, a great number of; much, extensive
LSJ
Louw-Nida many, a great deal of, a great number of
ἐπερίσσευσεν eperisseusen But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one
man’s trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man
Jesus Christ abounded for many.
περισσεύω perisseuō abound
verb, aorist, active, indicative, third person, singular
Sense: to abound – to be abundant or plentiful; exist in large quantities.
BDAG abound; cause to abound
LSJ to be over and above; will go beyond; outflank
Louw-Nida to abound, to be in abundance, to be a lot of, to exist in a large quantity, to
be left over
Romans 5:16
καὶ οὐχ ὡς διʼ ἑνὸς ἁμαρτήσαντος τὸ
δώρημα· τὸ μὲν γὰρ κρίμα ἐξ ἑνὸς εἰς
κατάκριμα, τὸ δὲ χάρισμα ἐκ πολλῶν
παραπτωμάτων εἰς δικαίωμα. | ESV NT RI
And the free gift is not like the result of that
one man’s sin. For the judgment following
one trespass brought condemnation, but the
free gift following many trespasses brought
justification | ESV
οὐχ ouch And the free gift is not like the result of that one man’s sin. For the judgment
following one trespass brought condemnation, but the free gift following many
trespasses brought justification.
οὐ ou not
adverb, negative
BDAG no; not; not so?
LSJ fact; statement; will; thought
Louw-Nida not
ἑνὸς henos And the free gift is not like the result of that one man’s sin. For the judgment
following one trespass brought condemnation, but the free gift following many trespasses
brought justification.
εἷς heis one
adjective, genitive, singular, masculine
Sense: one (single unit) – used of a single unit or thing; not two or more.
BDAG one; one and the same; someone, anyone; the first
LSJ
Louw-Nida one
ἁμαρτήσαντος hamartēsantos And the free gift is not like the result of that one man’s sin. For
the judgment following one trespass brought condemnation, but the free gift following many
trespasses brought justification.
ἁμαρτάνω hamartanō sin
verb, aorist, active, participle, singular, genitive, masculine
Sense: to sin – to violate a divine law.
BDAG to sin
LSJ miss the mark; miss
Louw-Nida to sin, to engage in wrongdoing, sin
δώρημα dōrēma And the free gift is not like the result of that one man’s sin. For the judgment
following one trespass brought condemnation, but the free gift following many trespasses
brought justification.
δώρημα dōrēma gift; present
noun, nominative, singular, neuter
Sense: gift – something acquired or given without compensation in return.
BDAG gift, present
LSJ gift, present
Louw-Nida gift, present
κρίμα krima And the free gift is not like the result of that one man’s sin. For the judgment
following one trespass brought condemnation, but the free gift following many trespasses
brought justification.
κρίμα krima judgment;
condemnation
noun, nominative, singular, neuter
Sense: legal decision – the official decision of a court on issues of fact or law.
BDAG dispute, lawsuit; decision, decree; judging, judgment; judicial verdict; justice.
LSJ decision, judgement; verdict
Louw-Nida verdict, sentence, judgment
ἑνὸς henos And the free gift is not like the result of that one man’s sin. For the judgment
following one trespass brought condemnation, but the free gift following many trespasses
brought justification.
εἷς heis one
adjective, genitive, singular, neuter
Sense: one (single) – the smallest whole number; also used to refer to a single person or
thing.
BDAG one; one and the same; someone, anyone; the first
LSJ
Louw-Nida one
κατάκριμα katakrima And the free gift is not like the result of that one man’s sin. For the
judgment following one trespass brought condemnation, but the free gift following many
trespasses brought justification.
κατάκριμα katakrima penalty;
condemnation
noun, accusative, singular, neuter
Sense: condemnation – a legal decision of guilty in a criminal case; often with the
ensuing punishment understood.
BDAG condemnation, punishment, penalty
LSJ condemnation
Louw-Nida to condemn, to render a verdict of guilt, condemnation
χάρισμα charisma And the free gift is not like the result of that one man’s sin. For the judgment
following one trespass brought condemnation, but the free gift following many trespasses
brought justification.
χάρισμα charisma gift
noun, nominative, singular, neuter
Sense: present ⇔ grace – a present given as a sign of beneficent favor.
BDAG favor bestowed, gift
LSJ grace, favour; gift of God’s grace; favour bestowed
Louw-Nida gift, gracious gift
πολλῶν pollōn And the free gift is not like the result of that one man’s sin. For the judgment
following one trespass brought condemnation, but the free gift following many trespasses
brought justification.
πολύς polys great; many; much
adjective, genitive, plural, neuter
Sense: many – a quantifier that can be used with count nouns; amounting to a large but
indefinite number.
BDAG many, a great number of; much, extensive
LSJ
Louw-Nida many, a great deal of, a great number of
παραπτωμάτων paraptōmatōn And the free gift is not like the result of that one man’s sin. For
the judgment following one trespass brought condemnation, but the free gift following many
trespasses brought justification.
παράπτωμα paraptōma sin; trespass
noun, genitive, plural, neuter
Sense: sin ⇔ transgression – a sin understood especially as the action of going beyond
or overstepping some boundary or limit.
BDAG offense, wrongdoing, sin
LSJ false step, slip, blunder
Louw-Nida transgression, sin
δικαίωμα dikaiōma And the free gift is not like the result of that one man’s sin. For the
judgment following one trespass brought condemnation, but the free gift following many
trespasses brought justification.
δικαίωμα dikaiōma
commandment; requirement
noun, accusative, singular, neuter
Sense: justification (legal) – a legal decision (in a criminal case) stating that an accused
person is in full accordance with the requirements of the law.
BDAG regulation, requirement, commandment; righteous deed
LSJ act of right; duty; amendment of a wrong
Louw-Nida to acquit, to set free, to remove guilt, acquittal
Romans 5:17
εἰ γὰρ τῷ τοῦ ἑνὸς παραπτώματι ὁ θάνατος
ἐβασίλευσεν διὰ τοῦ ἑνός, πολλῷ μᾶλλον οἱ
τὴν περισσείαν τῆς χάριτος καὶ τῆς δωρεᾶς
τῆς δικαιοσύνης λαμβάνοντες ἐν ζωῇ
βασιλεύσουσιν διὰ τοῦ ἑνὸς Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ.
| ESV NT RI
For if, because of one man’s trespass, death
reigned through that one man, much more
will those who receive the abundance of
grace and the free gift of righteousness reign
in life through the one man Jesus Christ |
ESV
ἑνὸς henos For if, because of one man’s trespass, death reigned through that one man,
much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of
righteousness reign in life through the one man Jesus Christ.
εἷς heis one
adjective, genitive, singular, masculine
Sense: one (single) – the smallest whole number; also used to refer to a single person or
thing.
BDAG one; one and the same; someone, anyone; the first
LSJ
Louw-Nida one
παραπτώματι paraptōmati For if, because of one man’s trespass, death reigned through that
one man, much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of
righteousness reign in life through the one man Jesus Christ.
παράπτωμα paraptōma sin; trespass
noun, dative, singular, neuter
Sense: sin ⇔ transgression – a sin understood especially as the action of going beyond
or overstepping some boundary or limit.
BDAG offense, wrongdoing, sin
LSJ false step, slip, blunder
Louw-Nida transgression, sin
θάνατος thanatos For if, because of one man’s trespass, death reigned through that one man,
much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of righteousness reign
in life through the one man Jesus Christ.
θάνατος thanatos death
noun, nominative, singular, masculine
Sense: death (event) – the event of dying or departure from life.
BDAG death; fatal illness, pestilence
LSJ death; the death threatened; to death
Louw-Nida to die, death
ἐβασίλευσεν ebasileusen For if, because of one man’s trespass, death reigned through that one
man, much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of righteousness
reign in life through the one man Jesus Christ.
βασιλεύω basileuō rule; reign; be
king
verb, aorist, active, indicative, third person, singular
Sense: to reign as king – to rule as a king or supreme ruler over a nation, or to become
ruler or supreme ruler over a nation.
BDAG be king, rule; become king
LSJ to be king, rule, reign; was king; reigned as queen; to have become king; to be king
of, rule over; to be king among; to be governed by a king; submit to the king; to be
governed; administered
Louw-Nida to reign, to control completely
ἑνός henos For if, because of one man’s trespass, death reigned through that one man, much
more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of righteousness reign in
life through the one man Jesus Christ.
εἷς heis one
adjective, genitive, singular, masculine
Sense: one (single) – the smallest whole number; also used to refer to a single person or
thing.
BDAG one; one and the same; someone, anyone; the first
LSJ
Louw-Nida one
πολλῷ pollō For if, because of one man’s trespass, death reigned through that one man, much
more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of righteousness reign in
life through the one man Jesus Christ.
πολύς polys great; many; much
adjective, dative, singular, neuter
Sense: much – to a great degree or extent.
BDAG many, a great number of; much, extensive
LSJ
Louw-Nida much, great, extensive
μᾶλλον mallon For if, because of one man’s trespass, death reigned through that one man, much
more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of righteousness reign in
life through the one man Jesus Christ.
μᾶλλον mallon instead; more;
rather
adverb
Sense: more (extent) – to a greater degree or extent.
BDAG more; rather, all the more; rather
LSJ more, rather; more than; more and more; exceedingly
Louw-Nida more, more than, to a greater degree, even more
περισσείαν perisseian For if, because of one man’s trespass, death reigned through that one man,
much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of righteousness
reign in life through the one man Jesus Christ.
περισσεία perisseia abundance;
surplus
noun, accusative, singular, feminine
Sense: overabundance – the state of being more than full.
BDAG surplus, abundance
LSJ surplus, abundance
Louw-Nida abundance, a great deal of
χάριτος charitos For if, because of one man’s trespass, death reigned through that one man,
much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of righteousness
reign in life through the one man Jesus Christ.
χάρις charis grace
noun, genitive, singular, feminine
Sense: grace (outworking) – the resulting activity that is a necessary consequence of
genuine, beneficent goodwill; especially used of the outworking of God’s goodwill.
BDAG graciousness, attractiveness, charm, winsomeness; favor, grace, gracious
care/help, goodwill; (a sign of) favor, gracious deed/gift, benefaction; favor.; thanks,
gratitude
LSJ grace
Louw-Nida to show kindness, to manifest graciousness toward, kindness, graciousness,
grace
δωρεᾶς dōreas For if, because of one man’s trespass, death reigned through that one man, much
more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of righteousness reign in
life through the one man Jesus Christ.
δωρεά dōrea gift
noun, genitive, singular, feminine
Sense: gift – something acquired or given without compensation in return.
BDAG gift, bounty
LSJ gift, present; bounty; legacy; privileges; immunities; gifts in cash; kind; mortis
causa
Louw-Nida gift, present
δικαιοσύνης dikaiosynēs For if, because of one man’s trespass, death reigned through that one
man, much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of
righteousness reign in life through the one man Jesus Christ.
δικαιοσύνη dikaiosynē
righteousness
noun, genitive, singular, feminine
Sense: righteousness (state) – a status of legal rectitude that satisfies the moral
requirements of God’s character.
BDAG justice, equitableness, fairness; righteousness.; uprightness, righteousness
LSJ righteousness, justice; justice; fulfilment of the Law
Louw-Nida righteousness, doing what God requires, doing what is right
λαμβάνοντες lambanontes For if, because of one man’s trespass, death reigned through that one
man, much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of
righteousness reign in life through the one man Jesus Christ.
λαμβάνω lambanō receive; take
verb, present, active, participle, plural, nominative, masculine
Sense: to experience ⇔ receive – to experience, conceived of as coming into the
possession of an experience.
BDAG take, take hold of, grasp, take in hand; remove; take, acquire; receive, accept;
take up, receive; choose, select; receive; receive, make one’s own,
apprehend/comprehend; receive, get, obtain
LSJ take; receive
Louw-Nida to receive, receiving, to accept
ζωῇ zōē For if, because of one man’s trespass, death reigned through that one man, much more
will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of righteousness reign in life
through the one man Jesus Christ.
ζωή zōē life
noun, dative, singular, feminine
Sense: life (state) – the condition of living or the state of being alive; especially
healthiness, happiness, exuberance, energy, vitality, and the like.
BDAG life
LSJ living; substance, property
Louw-Nida to be alive, to live, life
βασιλεύσουσιν basileusousin For if, because of one man’s trespass, death reigned through that
one man, much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of
righteousness reign in life through the one man Jesus Christ.
βασιλεύω basileuō rule; reign; be
king
verb, future, active, indicative, third person, plural
Sense: to reign as king – to rule as a king or supreme ruler over a nation, or to become
ruler or supreme ruler over a nation.
BDAG be king, rule; become king
LSJ to be king, rule, reign; was king; reigned as queen; to have become king; to be king
of, rule over; to be king among; to be governed by a king; submit to the king; to be
governed; administered
Louw-Nida to reign, to control completely
ἑνὸς henos For if, because of one man’s trespass, death reigned through that one man, much
more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of righteousness reign in
life through the one man Jesus Christ.
εἷς heis one
adjective, genitive, singular, masculine
Sense: one (single) – the smallest whole number; also used to refer to a single person or
thing.
BDAG one; one and the same; someone, anyone; the first
LSJ
Louw-Nida one
Ἰησοῦ Iēsou For if, because of one man’s trespass, death reigned through that one man, much
more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of righteousness reign in
life through the one man Jesus Christ.
Ἰησοῦς Iēsous Jesus
noun, genitive, singular, masculine
BDAG Joshua/Jesus.; Joshua, successor of Moses; Jesus, son of Eliezer; Jesus Christ;
Jesus Barabbas; Jesus/Justus
LSJ Joshua
Louw-Nida Jesus, Joshua
Χριστοῦ Christou For if, because of one man’s trespass, death reigned through that one man,
much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of righteousness reign
in life through the one man Jesus Christ.
Χριστός Christos Christ
noun, genitive, singular, masculine
BDAG the Anointed One, the Messiah, the Christ; Christ
LSJ to be rubbed on, used as ointment; salve; anointing
Louw-Nida Christ
Romans 5:18
Ἄρα οὖν ὡς διʼ ἑνὸς παραπτώματος εἰς
πάντας ἀνθρώπους εἰς κατάκριμα, οὕτως καὶ
διʼ ἑνὸς δικαιώματος εἰς πάντας ἀνθρώπους
εἰς δικαίωσιν ζωῆς· | ESV NT RI
Therefore, as one trespass led to
condemnation for all men, so one act of
righteousness leads to justification and life
for all men | ESV
ἑνὸς henos Therefore, as one trespass led to condemnation for all men, so one act of
righteousness leads to justification and life for all men.
εἷς heis one
adjective, genitive, singular, masculine
Sense: one (single unit) – used of a single unit or thing; not two or more.
BDAG one; one and the same; someone, anyone; the first
LSJ
Louw-Nida one
παραπτώματος paraptōmatos Therefore, as one trespass led to condemnation for all men, so
one act of righteousness leads to justification and life for all men.
παράπτωμα paraptōma sin; trespass
noun, genitive, singular, neuter
Sense: sin ⇔ transgression – a sin understood especially as the action of going beyond
or overstepping some boundary or limit.
BDAG offense, wrongdoing, sin
LSJ false step, slip, blunder
Louw-Nida transgression, sin
πάντας pantas Therefore, as one trespass led to condemnation for all men, so one act of
righteousness leads to justification and life for all men.
πᾶς pas every; all
adjective, accusative, plural, masculine
Sense: each – (used of count nouns) every one considered individually.
BDAG each, every, any; any and every, every; all; whole; every kind of, all sorts of
LSJ all; the whole; every
Louw-Nida all, every, each, whole
ἀνθρώπους anthrōpous Therefore, as one trespass led to condemnation for all men, so one act of
righteousness leads to justification and life for all men.
ἄνθρωπος anthrōpos man
noun, accusative, plural, masculine
Sense: person – a human being; sometimes referred to collectively as people.
BDAG a human being; man; someone, one, a person.; the outer being; the inner being;
new being; the person; a certain person; a human figure
LSJ man; gods; the men
Louw-Nida person, human being, individual; people, persons, mankind
κατάκριμα katakrima Therefore, as one trespass led to condemnation for all men, so one act of
righteousness leads to justification and life for all men.
κατάκριμα katakrima penalty;
condemnation
noun, accusative, singular, neuter
Sense: condemnation – a legal decision of guilty in a criminal case; often with the
ensuing punishment understood.
BDAG condemnation, punishment, penalty
LSJ condemnation
Louw-Nida to condemn, to render a verdict of guilt, condemnation
οὕτως houtōs Therefore, as one trespass led to condemnation for all men, so one act of
righteousness leads to justification and life for all men.
οὕτως houtōs so; thus; in this way
adverb
Sense: thus – in the way indicated.
BDAG in this manner, thus, so; in this way, as follows; so; without further ado, just,
simply
LSJ in this way; manner, so, thus; thus, as follows; so; on this supposition; so in this way
Louw-Nida so, thus, in this way
καὶ kai
καί kai and
adverb, emphatic
BDAG and; also, likewise
LSJ and; even, also, just
Louw-Nida and, and also, also, in addition, even
ἑνὸς henos Therefore, as one trespass led to condemnation for all men, so one act of
righteousness leads to justification and life for all men.
εἷς heis one
adjective, genitive, singular, masculine
Sense: one (single unit) – used of a single unit or thing; not two or more.
BDAG one; one and the same; someone, anyone; the first
LSJ
Louw-Nida one
δικαιώματος dikaiōmatos Therefore, as one trespass led to condemnation for all men, so one act
of righteousness leads to justification and life for all men.
δικαίωμα dikaiōma
commandment; requirement
noun, genitive, singular, neuter
Sense: righteous act – a deed considered just for its conformity to the law.
BDAG regulation, requirement, commandment; righteous deed
LSJ act of right; duty; amendment of a wrong
Louw-Nida to acquit, to set free, to remove guilt, acquittal
πάντας pantas Therefore, as one trespass led to condemnation for all men, so one act of
righteousness leads to justification and life for all men.
πᾶς pas every; all
adjective, accusative, plural, masculine
Sense: each – (used of count nouns) every one considered individually.
BDAG each, every, any; any and every, every; all; whole; every kind of, all sorts of
LSJ all; the whole; every
Louw-Nida all, every, each, whole
ἀνθρώπους anthrōpous Therefore, as one trespass led to condemnation for all men, so one act of
righteousness leads to justification and life for all men.
ἄνθρωπος anthrōpos man
noun, accusative, plural, masculine
Sense: person – a human being; sometimes referred to collectively as people.
BDAG a human being; man; someone, one, a person.; the outer being; the inner being;
new being; the person; a certain person; a human figure
LSJ man; gods; the men
Louw-Nida person, human being, individual; people, persons, mankind
δικαίωσιν dikaiōsin Therefore, as one trespass led to condemnation for all men, so one act of
righteousness leads to justification and life for all men.
δικαίωσις dikaiōsis justification;
vindication
noun, accusative, singular, feminine
Sense: justifying – the act of declaring a verdict that someone is in full accordance with
the requirements of the law (of God).
BDAG justification, vindication, acquittal
LSJ setting right, doing justice to
Louw-Nida to acquit, to set free, to remove guilt, acquittal
ζωῆς zōēs Therefore, as one trespass led to condemnation for all men, so one act of
righteousness leads to justification and life for all men.
ζωή zōē life
noun, genitive, singular, feminine
Sense: life (state) – the condition of living or the state of being alive; especially
healthiness, happiness, exuberance, energy, vitality, and the like.
BDAG life
LSJ living; substance, property
Louw-Nida to be alive, to live, life
Romans 5:19
ὥσπερ γὰρ διὰ τῆς παρακοῆς τοῦ ἑνὸς
ἀνθρώπου ἁμαρτωλοὶ κατεστάθησαν οἱ
πολλοί, οὕτως καὶ διὰ τῆς ὑπακοῆς τοῦ ἑνὸς
δίκαιοι κατασταθήσονται οἱ πολλοί. | ESV
NT RI
For as by the one man’s disobedience the
many were made sinners, so by the one
man’s obedience the many will be made
righteous | ESV
παρακοῆς parakoēs For as by the one man’s disobedience the many were made sinners,
so by the one man’s obedience the many will be made righteous.
παρακοή parakoē disobedience
noun, genitive, singular, feminine
Sense: disobedience (state) – the state of failure to submit to the law, custom, or practice
of an authority.
BDAG unwillingness to hear, disobedience
LSJ that which has been heard imperfectly, hearsay
Louw-Nida to refuse to listen, to refuse to obey, disobedience
ἑνὸς henos For as by the one man’s disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the one
man’s obedience the many will be made righteous.
εἷς heis one
adjective, genitive, singular, masculine
Sense: one (single unit) – used of a single unit or thing; not two or more.
BDAG one; one and the same; someone, anyone; the first
LSJ
Louw-Nida one
ἀνθρώπου anthrōpou For as by the one man’s disobedience the many were made sinners, so by
the one man’s obedience the many will be made righteous.
ἄνθρωπος anthrōpos man
noun, genitive, singular, masculine
Sense: man – an adult person who is male, as opposed to a woman; sometimes referred
to collectively as men.
BDAG a human being; man; someone, one, a person.; the outer being; the inner being;
new being; the person; a certain person; a human figure
LSJ man; gods; the men
Louw-Nida man
ἁμαρτωλοὶ hamartōloi For as by the one man’s disobedience the many were made sinners, so
by the one man’s obedience the many will be made righteous.
ἁμαρτωλός hamartōlos sinner
adjective, nominative, plural, masculine
Sense: sinner – a person who has disobeyed any divine command or neglected any duty
(whether intentionally or unintentionally).
BDAG sinful; the sinner; irreligious
LSJ erroneous; erring
Louw-Nida sinful, sinning
κατεστάθησαν katestathēsan For as by the one man’s disobedience the many were made
sinners, so by the one man’s obedience the many will be made righteous.
καθίστημι kathistēmi appoint; put
in charge
verb, aorist, passive, indicative, third person, plural
Sense: to be made – to be made or caused to be or to become.
BDAG bring, conduct, take; appoint, put in charge; make, cause
LSJ
Louw-Nida to cause to be, to make to be, to make, to result in, to bring upon, to bring
about
πολλοί polloi For as by the one man’s disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the one
man’s obedience the many will be made righteous.
πολύς polys great; many; much
adjective, nominative, plural, masculine
Sense: multitude (gathering) – a multitude (throng) or a large gathering of people.
BDAG many, a great number of; much, extensive
LSJ
Louw-Nida many, a great deal of, a great number of
οὕτως houtōs For as by the one man’s disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the one
man’s obedience the many will be made righteous.
οὕτως houtōs so; thus; in this way
adverb
Sense: thus – in the way indicated.
BDAG in this manner, thus, so; in this way, as follows; so; without further ado, just,
simply
LSJ in this way; manner, so, thus; thus, as follows; so; on this supposition; so in this way
Louw-Nida so, thus, in this way
καὶ kai
καί kai and
adverb, emphatic
BDAG and; also, likewise
LSJ and; even, also, just
Louw-Nida and, and also, also, in addition, even
ὑπακοῆς hypakoēs For as by the one man’s disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the
one man’s obedience the many will be made righteous.
ὑπακοή hypakoē obedience
noun, genitive, singular, feminine
Sense: obedience (state) – the state of submissive conformity to the law, custom, or
practice of an authority.
BDAG obedience; answer
LSJ obedience; answer to prayer
Louw-Nida to obey, obedience
ἑνὸς henos For as by the one man’s disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the one
man’s obedience the many will be made righteous.
εἷς heis one
adjective, genitive, singular, masculine
Sense: one (single) – the smallest whole number; also used to refer to a single person or
thing.
BDAG one; one and the same; someone, anyone; the first
LSJ
Louw-Nida one
δίκαιοι dikaioi For as by the one man’s disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the one
man’s obedience the many will be made righteous.
δίκαιος dikaios just; righteous
adjective, nominative, plural, masculine
Sense: righteous person – a person characterized by righteous actions and morals.
BDAG upright, just, fair; right, fair, equitable
LSJ
Louw-Nida righteous, just
κατασταθήσονται katastathēsontai For as by the one man’s disobedience the many were made
sinners, so by the one man’s obedience the many will be made righteous.
καθίστημι kathistēmi appoint; put
in charge
verb, future, passive, indicative, third person, plural
Sense: to be made – to be made or caused to be or to become.
BDAG bring, conduct, take; appoint, put in charge; make, cause
LSJ
Louw-Nida to cause to be, to make to be, to make, to result in, to bring upon, to bring
about
πολλοί polloi For as by the one man’s disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the one
man’s obedience the many will be made righteous.
πολύς polys great; many; much
adjective, nominative, plural, masculine
Sense: multitude (gathering) – a multitude (throng) or a large gathering of people.
BDAG many, a great number of; much, extensive
LSJ
Louw-Nida many, a great deal of, a great number of
Romans 5:20
νόμος δὲ παρεισῆλθεν ἵνα πλεονάσῃ τὸ
παράπτωμα· οὗ δὲ ἐπλεόνασεν ἡ ἁμαρτία,
ὑπερεπερίσσευσεν ἡ χάρις, | ESV NT RI
Now the law came in to increase the
trespass, but where sin increased, grace
abounded all the more | ESV
νόμος nomos Now the law came in to increase the trespass, but where sin increased,
grace abounded all the more,
νόμος nomos law
noun, nominative, singular, masculine
Sense: Torah ⇔ law – the Torah, understood by its prominent legal characteristics.
BDAG a custom, rule, principle, norm; law; sacred ordinance
LSJ that which is in habitual practice, use; possession
Louw-Nida the Law
παρεισῆλθεν pareisēlthen Now the law came in to increase the trespass, but where sin increased,
grace abounded all the more,
παρεισέρχομαι pareiserchomai slip
in
verb, aorist, active, indicative, third person, singular
Sense: to come alongside – to appear alongside as an unessential or foreign element,
whether physically or figuratively.
BDAG slip in, come in
LSJ come; go in beside; to be inserted; come in; to be introduced
Louw-Nida to slip into a group unnoticed, to join unnoticed
πλεονάσῃ pleonasē Now the law came in to increase the trespass, but where sin increased, grace
abounded all the more,
πλεονάζω pleonazō increase; grow
verb, aorist, active, subjunctive, third person, singular
Sense: to increase – to make bigger or more.
BDAG be/become more; be/become great, be present in abundance, grow, increase;
have too much; to bring forth in abundance, increase; to cause increase
LSJ to be more; to be more than enough, superfluous; excess; to be in excess of; have
more than the due number; to be frequent; encroach; expanded; used to excess; to be
redundant; added
Louw-Nida to increase considerably, to become more and more, to multiply
παράπτωμα paraptōma Now the law came in to increase the trespass, but where sin increased,
grace abounded all the more,
παράπτωμα paraptōma sin; trespass
noun, nominative, singular, neuter
Sense: sin ⇔ transgression – a sin understood especially as the action of going beyond
or overstepping some boundary or limit.
BDAG offense, wrongdoing, sin
LSJ false step, slip, blunder
Louw-Nida transgression, sin
οὗ hou Now the law came in to increase the trespass, but where sin increased, grace abounded
all the more,
οὗ hou where
adverb
BDAG where; (in a situation) where
LSJ where
Louw-Nida where, wherever
ἐπλεόνασεν epleonasen Now the law came in to increase the trespass, but where sin increased,
grace abounded all the more,
πλεονάζω pleonazō increase; grow
verb, aorist, active, indicative, third person, singular
Sense: to increase (undergo change) – to become bigger or greater in amount.
BDAG be/become more; be/become great, be present in abundance, grow, increase;
have too much; to bring forth in abundance, increase; to cause increase
LSJ to be more; to be more than enough, superfluous; excess; to be in excess of; have
more than the due number; to be frequent; encroach; expanded; used to excess; to be
redundant; added
Louw-Nida to increase considerably, to become more and more, to multiply
ἁμαρτία hamartia Now the law came in to increase the trespass, but where sin increased, grace
abounded all the more,
ἁμαρτία hamartia sin
noun, nominative, singular, feminine
Sense: guilt ⇔ sin – the state of having broken God’s law (and now being liable to legal
consequences).
BDAG sin; sinfulness
LSJ a failure, fault; error
Louw-Nida to sin, to engage in wrongdoing, sin
ὑπερεπερίσσευσεν hypereperisseusen Now the law came in to increase the trespass, but where
sin increased, grace abounded all the more,
ὑπερπερισσεύω hyperperisseuō be
in great excess
verb, aorist, active, indicative, third person, singular
Sense: to abound beyond – to be or become numerous or abundant in a degree greater
than normal or than something else.
BDAG be in great excess; supply lavishly
LSJ abound much more, be in great excess
Louw-Nida extreme, extremely, to an extreme degree, to a very great degree
χάρις charis Now the law came in to increase the trespass, but where sin increased, grace
abounded all the more,
χάρις charis grace
noun, nominative, singular, feminine
Sense: grace (outworking) – the resulting activity that is a necessary consequence of
genuine, beneficent goodwill; especially used of the outworking of God’s goodwill.
BDAG graciousness, attractiveness, charm, winsomeness; favor, grace, gracious
care/help, goodwill; (a sign of) favor, gracious deed/gift, benefaction; favor.; thanks,
gratitude
LSJ grace
Louw-Nida to show kindness, to manifest graciousness toward, kindness, graciousness,
grace
Romans 5:21
ἵνα ὥσπερ ἐβασίλευσεν ἡ ἁμαρτία ἐν τῷ
θανάτῳ, οὕτως καὶ ἡ χάρις βασιλεύσῃ διὰ
δικαιοσύνης εἰς ζωὴν αἰώνιον διὰ Ἰησοῦ
Χριστοῦ τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν. | ESV NT RI
so that, as sin reigned in death, grace also
might reign through righteousness leading to
eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord |
ESV
ἐβασίλευσεν ebasileusen so that, as sin reigned in death , grace also might reign through
righteousness leading to eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.
βασιλεύω basileuō rule; reign; be
king
verb, aorist, active, indicative, third person, singular
Sense: to reign as king – to rule as a king or supreme ruler over a nation, or to become
ruler or supreme ruler over a nation.
BDAG be king, rule; become king
LSJ to be king, rule, reign; was king; reigned as queen; to have become king; to be king
of, rule over; to be king among; to be governed by a king; submit to the king; to be
governed; administered
Louw-Nida to reign, to control completely
ἁμαρτία hamartia so that, as sin reigned in death , grace also might reign through righteousness
leading to eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.
ἁμαρτία hamartia sin
noun, nominative, singular, feminine
Sense: sin (personification) – sin personified as a destructive and depraved principle
reigning over unbelievers and persisting in believers; especially as a slavemaster doling
out payment with the currency of death and decay.
BDAG sin; sinfulness
LSJ a failure, fault; error
Louw-Nida to sin, to engage in wrongdoing, sin
θανάτῳ thanatō so that, as sin reigned in death , grace also might reign through righteousness
leading to eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.
θάνατος thanatos death
noun, dative, singular, masculine
Sense: death (event) – the event of dying or departure from life.
BDAG death; fatal illness, pestilence
LSJ death; the death threatened; to death
Louw-Nida to die, death
οὕτως houtōs
οὕτως houtōs so; thus; in this way
adverb
Sense: thus – in the way indicated.
BDAG in this manner, thus, so; in this way, as follows; so; without further ado, just,
simply
LSJ in this way; manner, so, thus; thus, as follows; so; on this supposition; so in this way
Louw-Nida so, thus, in this way
καὶ kai so that, as sin reigned in death , grace also might reign through righteousness leading to
eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.
καί kai and
adverb, emphatic
BDAG and; also, likewise
LSJ and; even, also, just
Louw-Nida and, and also, also, in addition, even
χάρις charis so that, as sin reigned in death , grace also might reign through righteousness
leading to eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.
χάρις charis grace
noun, nominative, singular, feminine
Sense: grace (outworking) – the resulting activity that is a necessary consequence of
genuine, beneficent goodwill; especially used of the outworking of God’s goodwill.
BDAG graciousness, attractiveness, charm, winsomeness; favor, grace, gracious
care/help, goodwill; (a sign of) favor, gracious deed/gift, benefaction; favor.; thanks,
gratitude
LSJ grace
Louw-Nida gift, gracious gift
βασιλεύσῃ basileusē so that, as sin reigned in death , grace also might reign through
righteousness leading to eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.
βασιλεύω basileuō rule; reign; be
king
verb, aorist, active, subjunctive, third person, singular
Sense: to reign as king – to rule as a king or supreme ruler over a nation, or to become
ruler or supreme ruler over a nation.
BDAG be king, rule; become king
LSJ to be king, rule, reign; was king; reigned as queen; to have become king; to be king
of, rule over; to be king among; to be governed by a king; submit to the king; to be
governed; administered
Louw-Nida to reign, to control completely
δικαιοσύνης dikaiosynēs so that, as sin reigned in death , grace also might reign through
righteousness leading to eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.
δικαιοσύνη dikaiosynē
righteousness
noun, genitive, singular, feminine
Sense: righteousness (state) – a status of legal rectitude that satisfies the moral
requirements of God’s character.
BDAG justice, equitableness, fairness; righteousness.; uprightness, righteousness
LSJ righteousness, justice; justice; fulfilment of the Law
Louw-Nida righteousness, doing what God requires, doing what is right
ζωὴν zōēn so that, as sin reigned in death , grace also might reign through righteousness leading
to eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.
ζωή zōē life
noun, accusative, singular, feminine
Sense: life (state) – the condition of living or the state of being alive; especially
healthiness, happiness, exuberance, energy, vitality, and the like.
BDAG life
LSJ living; substance, property
Louw-Nida to be alive, to live, life
αἰώνιον aiōnion so that, as sin reigned in death , grace also might reign through righteousness
leading to eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.
αἰώνιος aiōnios eternal
adjective, accusative, singular, feminine
Sense: everlasting – continuing forever or indefinitely; sempiternal.
BDAG long ago; eternal; without end
LSJ lasting for an age; perpetual, eternal
Louw-Nida eternal
Ἰησοῦ Iēsou so that, as sin reigned in death , grace also might reign through righteousness
leading to eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.
Ἰησοῦς Iēsous Jesus
noun, genitive, singular, masculine
BDAG Joshua/Jesus.; Joshua, successor of Moses; Jesus, son of Eliezer; Jesus Christ;
Jesus Barabbas; Jesus/Justus
LSJ Joshua
Louw-Nida Jesus, Joshua
Χριστοῦ Christou so that, as sin reigned in death , grace also might reign through righteousness
leading to eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.
Χριστός Christos Christ
noun, genitive, singular, masculine
BDAG the Anointed One, the Messiah, the Christ; Christ
LSJ to be rubbed on, used as ointment; salve; anointing
Louw-Nida Christ
κυρίου kyriou so that, as sin reigned in death , grace also might reign through righteousness
leading to eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.
κύριος kyrios Lord
noun, genitive, singular, masculine
BDAG owner; lord, master
LSJ lord, master; head; master; owner; secure possessor; guardian; guardian, trustee
Louw-Nida Lord, Ruler, One who commands