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The Blossoming of the Semantic Web:Linked Open Data and the American Art Collaborative

Diana FolsomHead of Collection Digitization

Thomas Gilcrease Institute of American History and Culture (Gilcrease Museum)

Shane RicheyDigital Media Manager

Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art

Rachel Allen:Deputy Director

Smithsonian American Art Museum

Eleanor Fink:Art and Technology Advisor and Project Coordinator

Information Sciences Institute, USC

Pedro SzekelyProject Leader

Information Sciences Institute, USC

AmericanArtCollaborative.org

LINKED OPEN DATA LANDSDCAPEEleanor E. Fink, Art and Technology Consultant

A method of publishing structured data so that it can be interlinked and become more useful

Uses a markup language called RDF that allows the relationship between subject, predicate, and object to be tagged explicitly so that when you are searching using Linked Open Data you don’t get the “noise” or unrelated information you get with a Google search

Linked Open Data

Linked Data

facts: <subject> <predicate> <object>

using W3C standards (RDF)

links between facts from different databases

like links between Web pages

Pedro Szekely and Craig KnoblockUniversity of Southern California

Linked Open Data tears down data silos

LOD CLOUD Window to Universe of Knowledge

Linked Open Data

• tears down data silos• provides seamless access across

museums and world of knowledge (articles, objects in other museums ,obituaries, Wikipedia, New York Times, etc.)

• provides rich content that supports K-12 education around the country

Linked Open Data

• deepens experience of audiences and reachesnew audiences

• can engage audiences in research and change how museums connect with people

• can lead to innovative funding through new applications

American Art Collaborative

American Art Collaborativeconnections across websites and world of knowledge

How We Did It

Rachel Allen, Deputy Director, SAAM and Eleanor E. Fink, Art and Technology Consultant

Smithsonian American Art Museum and USC Information Sciences Institute

The American Art Museum

A National Mandate and a Populist Approach

American Art’s Technology Goals

Be a crossroads for American art Lead in use of new media Experiment with technology Expand outreach Attract the born-digital generation

Benefits of Linked Open Data

Make our collections data more discoverable Allow for sophisticated queries about data Create connections with other museums Create connections with other resources Create connections with dispersed content on

social media Help us better adapt to the changing web

Our Team Questions about LOD

Will it take too much time to prepare our data? How does LOD differ from a Google search? Is it foolish to do before standards are in place? What if people do inappropriate things with our

data? Will it be worth the time and effort in the end? How do we handle our non-public data?

Five Phases to Linked Open Data

Prepare the data Determine the ontology Map the data to RDF Link to hub datasets Publish the data.

Linking the American Art Museum to the CloudThe Process: SAAM Ontology

Linking the American Art Museum to the CloudThe Process

Mapping the Data to RDF (Resource Description Framework)• Used KARMA tool to model the data (http://www.isi.edu/integration/karma/)

Ontology: CRM

Ontology: EDM2

distinguishing between a 'provided item' (painting, book) and its digital representations

distinguishing between an item and the metadata record describing it

allowing the ingestion of multiple records for the same item, which may contain contradictory statements about it

EDM re-uses elements coming from already-established vocabularies, such as Dublin Core, OAI-ORE, SKOS and CIDOC-CRM

Information Sciences Institute

Early work with DARPA and creation of InternetCurrent work also with private sector, NSF, government, military, museums etc. E.g. R & D, cyber security, internet protocols, Linked Open Data, etc.

PhD theses

Graduate projects

Cross-DisciplinaryMulti-InstitutionalCollaborations

ISI Startups

Collabsw/ companies& customers

BASIC RESEARCH

CROSS-DISCIPLINARYRESEARCH & INTEGRATION

DEPLOYMENT &COMMERCIALIZATION

Academic and Curriculum Development, Teaching

Broad Range ofExpertise andInterests

Faster and Comprehensive Delivery of BasicResearch Products

ISI Research Environment is Unique in Academia:5-10 Year Full Research-To-Transition Cycle

NSF, AFOSR, NIH, NRLDARPA, NSF, NIH, DTOSOCOM, DARPA, AFRL

ISI’s Expertisehttp://isi.edu/integration/karma

KARMA A Data Integration Tool that eliminates data silos

KARMA

KARMA, open source, semi-automated, interactive, data integration tool that makes LOD conversion easy

Initially developed for the Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA). Now has been applied to 44,000 records from SAAM and several other museums

Self learning (learns from patterns with each mapping)

KARMA

Can accept data in all major formats including spreadsheets, and XML

Works with any ontology that a client chooses

High accuracy rate (SAAM over 94% matching score)

Staff can interact with tool to make adjustments

KARMA

Increases data accuracyScales to large databasesKeeps Linked Data up-to-date

Karma’s Current Audience

Intelligence

Science

Cultural Heritage

Entertainment…anyone who needs to

tear down data silos

Link Curation

Karma proposes links

Human verifies them

Pedro Szekely and Craig KnoblockUniversity of Southern California

PROCESS: LINKING EXTERNALLY

Completed:• DBPedia - 2,194• New York Times – 70• Getty Union List of Artist Names - 2,110 Rijksmuseum

dataset – 551• In the Future:

• Places• Concepts• Other museum datasets• Social media content

Match Precision Linking Museum Data

Getty ULAN® 2,110Rijksmuseum 551Geonames 3,068

DBPedia 2,194 New York Times 70

SAAM verified

Pedro Szekely and Craig KnoblockUniversity of Southern California

Pedro Szekely and Craig KnoblockUniversity of Southern California

Links

provided by

Linked Data

Immediate Next Steps

Verify geographic place links Add other additional links Develop an ongoing management plan Take over hosting of the OWLIM database

Publish and announce the SPARQL endpoint

Future Applications

Improve artist representation on Wikipedia Embed LOD into our website Tag and link museum social media content Expand our use of LOD to enhance research Relationship finder application for curating stories Encourage development of museum applications

Multimedia Stories

ESWC 2013Extended Semantic Web Conference

Benefits and Opportunities

Linked Open Data can:

Create connections across diverse systems, (locally, regionally, around the globe)

Provide new ways to conduct business, find information, develop applications

Lead to discovery of new research and new ideas across disciplines

Next Steps

The Semantic Web needs more cultural informationBecome a part of the LOD cloud and help us build a critical mass of linked cultural data!

Together we canSeek funding for data conversion and ongoing maintenanceProvide tools like KARMADevelop training and education about linked open dataBuild a collaborative and supportive network ofpractitioners

Join Us

Questions and Discussion

Thank You