The Birth of the Republic
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Transcript of The Birth of the Republic
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The Birth of the Republic
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The Seven Kings of Rome
• Romulus• Numa Pompilius• Tullius Hostilius• Ancus Marcius• Tarquin Dynasty– Tarquinius Priscus– Servius Tullius– Tarquinius Superbus
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Tarquinius Priscus (616 – 579BC)• wealthy businessman• guardian of Ancus’
sons• expansion of Senate• ludi Romani• Circus Maximus• triumph (aquila)• adoption of Servius
Tullius• regicide and
Tanaquil’s manipulation
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THINK PAIR SHARE:What is your impression of the first
Tarquin?
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Servius Tullius (578 – 534BC)• Census• comitia centuriata– Equestrians (12)– 1st Class (80)– 2nd, 3rd, 4th (20 each)– 5th (30)– Proles (1)• temple to Diana• Lucius & Tullia Prima
and Aruns & Tullia Secunda
• Desecration of Servius
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Lucius Tarquinius Superbus (534 – 509BC)
• Cloaca Maxima• Iuppiter
Capitolinus• Indifference
towards the Senate
• Reign of Terror• Purge• Council of Latium• Books of the Sibyl
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Rape of Lucretia• Sextus Tarquinius• Tarquinius Collatinus • Ardea• “Be still, Lucretia! I am Sextus Tarquinius. My sword is in
my hand. Utter a sound, and you die!”• threat of disgrace• father and husband arrive with a “trusted friend” (Lucius
Junius Brutus)• “for my own part, though I acquit myself of the sin, I do not
absolve myself from punishment; nor in time to come shall ever unchaste woman live through the example of Lucretia”
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“By this blood, most chaste until a prince wronged it, I swear, and I take you, gods, to witness, that I will pursue Lucius Tarquinius Superbus and his wicked wife and all his children, with sword, with fire, aye with whatsoever violence I may; and that I will suffer neither them nor any other to be king in Rome!”
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THINK PAIR SHARE:To what extent do you believe the story of Tarquin Superbus is based
on fact?
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Overthrow of Monarchy• mutiny at Ardea• 509BC• establishment of
the consulship (toga praetexta, faces)
• Lucius Tarquinius Collatinus, and Lucius Junius Brutus
• Oath before Iuppiter
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• resignation of Collatinus
• election of Publius Valerius
• coniuratio of Brutus’ sons
• Tarquin and the Veii• Death of Brutus• Publicola
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Lars Porsenna
Horatius Mucius Scaevola
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Latin League
• Lavinium• Battle of Lake
Regillus • Aulus Postumius,
Dictator
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THINK PAIR SHARE:What precedents were established
by Brutus and Collatinus? What important themes and beliefs
change during this revolution from monarchy to republic; what
important themes and beliefs remain consistent?