English Week

Sara Mendoza

Lili Torres

English

educational Institution Liceo Caucasia

27/08/2015

The BeatlesThe Beatles were an English rock band, formed in Liverpool in 1960. With members John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, they became widely regarded as the greatest and most influential act of the rock era. Rooted in skiffle, beat and 1950s rock and roll, the Beatles later experimented with several genres, ranging from pop ballads and Indian music to psychedelia and hard rock, often incorporating classical elements in innovative ways. In the early 1960s, their enormous popularity first emerged as "Beatlemania", but as the group's music grew in sophistication, led by primary songwriters Lennon and McCartney, they came to be perceived as an embodiment of the ideals shared by the era's sociocultural revolutions.

With an initial training of five components that included Lennon, McCartney, Harrison, Stuart Sutcliffe (bass) and Pete Best (drums), the band built their reputation in Liverpool and Hamburg clubs over a period of three years from 1960 . Sutcliffe left the band in 1961, and Best was replaced by Starr the following year. Established as a professional group after Brian Epstein offered to be their representative, and his enhanced by the creativity of producer George Martin musical potential, achieved commercial success in the UK in late 1962 with their first single, "Love Me Do". From there, they were gaining international popularity over the following years, which made a large number of tours until 1966, ceased the activity live to dedicate solely to the recording studio until its dissolution in After 1970, all members embarked on successful independent careers. Lennon was assassinated outside his home in New York in 1980, and Harrison would die of cancer in 2001. McCartney and Starr remain active

his most famous songs were:Here comes the sun, Let it be, Yesterday, Help! y Hey Jude.

Rolling Stones

is a British rock band originally from London. The band was founded in April 19622 by Brian Jones, Mick Jagger, Keith Richards, Mick Taylor and Ian Stewart. Guitarist Geoff Bradford and drummer Mick Avory supported them in their first attempts, while drummer Tony Chapman and Carlo Little3 played

in his first activities. After Taylor's departure in December 1962, they entered in place bassist Bill Wyman and in January 1963 the drummer Charlie Watts. At the request of his manager, Stewart was removed from the lineup in 1963, but continued to work in the recording sessions and as road manager. Brian Jones was fired in 1969 and died soon after and was replaced by guitarist Mick Taylor, who would leave the group in 1975 and would in turn replaced by Ron Wood. With the retirement of Bill Wyman in 1993 was included bassist Darryl Jones, though played with the band from recording álbumVoodoo Lounge in 1994, he is not an official member.They are considered one of the largest and most influential groups in rock history, 4 being the group that laid the foundations of rock contemporáneo. June 7 Counting from the beginning with the favor of critics, some of the materials are considered among the Best of all time; among them are Beggars Banquet (1968), Let It Bleed (1969), Sticky Fingers (1971) and perhaps his best work, Exile on Main St. (1972). 1989 They were included in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Roll, and in 2004 the American magazine Rolling Stone placed at No. on its list of the 50 greatest artists of all Tiempos. No rock group to date It has been argued as durable and still world renowned as The Rolling Stones; Jagger, Richards and Watts as active founding members, still the longest throw in the history of rock.

ᗅᗺᗷᗅᗅᗺᗷᗅ was a Swedish pop music group, composed by Benny Andersson, Anni-Frid "Frida" Lyngstad, Bjorn Ulvaeus and Agnetha Fältskog. The name "ABBA" is an acronym formed from the first letters of the name of each member (Agnetha, Björn, Benny, Anni-Frid) . The quartet was formed in Stockholm in 1972, but only achieved international fame by winning the Festival Eurovision Song 1974. Since then, ABBA won popularity employing catchy melodies, simple letters and their own sound, characterized by the harmony of female voices and the wall of sound, a musical effect created by producer Phil Spector. Björn and Agnetha were married months before the formation of the quartet, while Benny and Frida did in 1978; four dealt with his artistic obligations at the same time dealing with their new families. His recordings had a commercial impact that led her to become the most successful artists of his label-Universal Music Group- and be the band with more sales in the years 1970.

ABBA was the first European pop group experience success in English-speaking countries outside Europe, mainly Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Canada and to a lesser extent the United States. However, at the peak of its popularity, both marriages were dissolved and these changes are reflected in his music, writing lyrics deeper with a different musical style. The group experienced a

business decline and finally decided to separate, so that in December 1982 made his last appearance as ABBA.

After a time out of the public interest, in the 1990s the launch of several compilation albums made possible its return to the top of the charts, and ABBA is now one of the most successful groups, with estimated sales of 380 and 400 million of its musical productions worldwide. Your music has been performed by various artists recognized, and is also the basis of the musical Mamma Mia!. The group is an icon of their country of origin, and an important figure europop expansion. Thus, its popularity opened the door to other European artists, one of the reasons I entered the Hall of Fame Rock.

Ramones The Ramones were an American punk rock band that formed in the New York City neighborhood of Forest Hills, Queens, in 1974. They are often cited as the first band to define the punk rock sound. Despite achieving only limited commercial success, the band was a major influence on the 1970s punk movement in both the United States and United Kingdom.

All of the band members adopted pseudonyms ending with the surname "Ramone", although none of them were related. They performed 2,263 concerts, touring virtually nonstop for 22 years. In 1996, after a tour with the Lollapalooza music festival, the band played a farewell concert and disbanded By 2014, all four of the band's original members—lead singerJoey Ramone (1951–2001), guitarist Johnny Ramone (1948–2004), bassistDee Dee Ramone (1951–2002) and drummer Tommy Ramone (1949–2014)—had died

Recognition of the band's importance built over the years, and they are now mentioned in many assessments of all-time great rock music, such as theRolling Stone list of the "100 Greatest Artists of All Time" and VH1's "100 Greatest Artists of Hard Rock". In 2002, the Ramones were ranked the second-greatest band of all time by Spin magazine, trailing only the Beatles.On March 18, 2002, the original four members and Tommy's replacement on drums, Marky Ramone, were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame In 2011, the group was awarded a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award.

Elvis Aaron Presley

Elvis Aaron Presley (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977) was an American singer and actor. Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th

century, he is often referred to as "the King of Rock and Roll", or simply, "the King".

Presley was born in Tupelo, Mississippi as a twinless twin, and when he was 13 years old, he and his family relocated to Memphis, Tennessee. His music career began there in 1954, when he recorded a song with producer Sam Phillips at Sun Records. Accompanied by guitarist Scotty Moore and bassist Bill Black, Presley was an early popularizer of rockabilly, an uptempo, backbeat-driven fusion of country music and rhythm and blues. RCA Victor acquired his contract in a deal arranged by Colonel Tom Parker, who managed the singer for more than two decades. Presley's first RCA single, "Heartbreak Hotel", was released in January 1956 and became a number-one hit in the United States. He was regarded as the leading figure of rock and roll after a series of successful network television appearances and chart-topping records. His energized interpretations of songs and sexually provocative performance style, combined with a singularly potent mix of influences across color lines that coincided with the dawn of the Civil Rights Movement, made him enormously popular—and controversial.

In November 1956, he made his film debut in Love Me Tender. In 1958, he was drafted into military service. He resumed his recording career two years later, producing some of his most commercially successful work before devoting much of the 1960s to making Hollywood movies and their accompanying soundtrack albums, most of which were critically derided. In 1968, following a seven-year break from live performances, he returned to the stage in the acclaimed televised comeback special Elvis, which led to an extended Las Vegas concert residency and a string of highly profitable tours. In 1973, Presley was featured in the first globally broadcast concert via satellite, Aloha from Hawaii. Several years of prescription drug abuse severely damaged his health, and he died in 1977 at the age of 42.

Presley is one of the most celebrated and influential musicians of the 20th century. Commercially successful in many genres, including pop, blues andgospel, he is the best-selling solo artist in the history of recorded music, with estimated record sales of around 600 million units worldwide He won three Grammys, also receiving the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award at age 36, and has been inducted into multiple music halls of fame. Forbes currently lists Elvis Presley as the 2nd top earning dead celebrity with $55 million in 2014, behind only Michael Jackson ($140 million)

Michael Jackson

Michael Joseph Jackson (August 29, 1958 – June 25, 2009) was an American singer, songwriter, record producer, dancer, and actor. Called theKing of Pop his contributions to music and dance, along with his publicized personal life, made him a global figure in popular culture for over four decades.

The eighth child of the Jackson family, he debuted on the professional music scene along with his elder brothers Jackie, Tito, Jermaine, and Marlon as a member of the Jackson 5 in 1964, and began his solo career in 1971. In the early 1980s, Jackson became a dominant figure in popular music. The music videos for his songs, including those of "Beat It", "Billie Jean", and "Thriller", were credited with breaking down racial barriers and with transforming the medium into an art form and promotional tool. The popularity of these videos helped to bring the then-relatively-new television channel MTV to fame. With videos such as "Black or White" and "Scream", he continued to innovate the medium throughout the 1990s, as well as forging a reputation as a touring solo artist. Through stage and video performances, Jackson popularized a number of complicated dance techniques, such as the robot and the moonwalk, to which he gave the name. His distinctive sound and style has influenced numerous artists of various music genres.

Jackson's 1982 album Thriller is the best-selling album of all time. His other albums, including Off the Wall (1979), Bad (1987), Dangerous (1991), and HIStory (1995), also rank among the world's best-selling albums. Jackson is one of the few artists to have been inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame twice. He was also inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame and the Dance Hall of Fame as the first and only dancer from pop and rock music. His other achievements include multiple Guinness World Records, 13 Grammy Awards, the Grammy Legend Award, the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award, 26 American Music Awards—more than any other artist—including the "Artist of the Century" and "Artist of the 1980s", 13 number-one singles in the United States during his solo career,—more than any other male artist in the Hot 100 era—and estimated sales of over 400 million records worldwide. Jackson has won hundreds of awards, making him the most awarded recording artist in the history of popular music. He became the first artist in history to have a top ten single in the Billboard Hot 100 in five different decades when "Love Never Felt So

Good" reached number nine on May 21, 2014. Jackson traveled the world attending events honoring his humanitarianism, and, in 2000, the Guinness World Records recognized him for supporting 39 charities, more than any other entertainer.

Aspects of Michael Jackson's personal life, including his changing appearance,personal relationships, and behavior, generated controversy. In the mid-1990s, he was accused of child sexual abuse, but the civil case was settled out of court for an undisclosed amount and no formal charges were brought. In 2005, he was tried and acquitted of further child sexual abuse allegations and several other charges after the jury found him not guilty on all counts. While preparing for his comeback concert series titled This Is It, Jackson died of acute propofol and benzodiazepine intoxication on June 25, 2009, after suffering from cardiac arrest. The Los Angeles County Coroner ruled his death a homicide, and his personal physician, Conrad Murray, was convicted of involuntary manslaughter. Jackson's death triggered a global outpouring of grief, and a live broadcast of his public memorial service was viewed around the world. Forbes currently ranks Jackson as the top-earning dead celebrity, a title held for a fifth consecutive year, with $140 million in earnings.

Madonna

Madonna Louise Ciccone born August 16, 1958) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, and businesswoman. She achieved popularity by pushing the boundaries of lyrical content in mainstream popular music and imagery in her music videos, which became a fixture on MTV. Madonna is known for reinventing both her music and image, and for maintaining her autonomy within the recording industry. Music critics have acclaimed her musical productions which have also been known to induce controversy. Often referred to as the "Queen of Pop", she is cited as an influence among other artists around the world.

Born in Bay City, Michigan, Madonna attended the University of Michigan School of Music, Theatre & Dance before moving to New York City to pursue a career in modern dance. After performing in the music groups Breakfast Club and Emmy, she signed with Sire Records (an auxiliary label of Warner Bros. Records) in 1982 and released her self-titled debut album the following year. She followed it with a series of commercially successful albums, including the Grammy Award winners Ray of Light (1998) and Confessions on a Dance Floor (2005). Throughout her career, she has written and produced most of her songs, with

many of them reaching number one on the record charts, including "Like a Virgin", "Into the Groove", "Papa Don't Preach", "Like a Prayer", "Vogue", "Frozen", "Music", "Hung Up", and "4 Minutes".

Madonna's popularity was further enhanced by her film roles; she won a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress for Evita (1996) while most of her other films have been panned by critics. Her other ventures include fashion design, writing children's books, and filmmaking. She has been acclaimed as a businesswoman, particularly after she founded entertainment company Maverick (including the label Maverick Records) in 1992 as a joint venture with Time Warner. In 2007 she signed an unprecedented US $120 million 360 deal with Live Nation.

Madonna has sold more than 300 million records worldwide and is recognized as the best-selling female recording artist of all time by Guinness World Records. The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) listed her as the best-selling female rock artist of the 20th century and the second best-selling female artist in the United States, with 64.5 million certified albums. According to Billboard, Madonna is the top touring female artist of all time, grossing over a billion dollars from her concerts. She was ranked at number two, behind only The Beatles, on the Billboard Hot 100 All-Time Top Artists, making her the most successful solo artist in the history of American singles chart. Madonna became one of the five founding members of the UK Music Hall of Fame and was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in her first year of eligibility.