The Automated Highway System (AHS) and The Intelligent Vehicle Initiative (IVI)
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Transcript of The Automated Highway System (AHS) and The Intelligent Vehicle Initiative (IVI)
The Automated Highway System (AHS)
andThe Intelligent Vehicle Initiative
(IVI)
AHS – The Vision
AHS – The Vision
• Removal of human error from the task of driving– Efficiency improvements (increased flow)– Safety improvements (decreased accidents)– Environmental improvements (decreased fuel
use and emissions)
AHS – The Vision (California Style)
• Dedicated AHS lanes
• Cars following in closely spaced platoons
• Automated merging / diverging
• Increased lane capacity x 2
AHS – The Vision
• HOW?– Technology to allow removal of reaction time
and distance– Decrease in following distance = increase in
capacity– Safety maintained by technology
• Internal platoons = low speed differential crashes• Space between platoons = decrease in severity of
crash between platoons
AHS Platooning Concept
AHS Lane
Regular Lane
AHS – The Technology
• Automated Check-in
• Automated Check-out
• Lateral and Longitudinal Controls
• Malfunction Management and Analysis
• Commercial (& transit) Vehicle Needs
• Deployment Issues
San Diego Tests
• Mandated by Congress
• Took place in San Diego in 1997 on a barrier separated HOV lane
• Systems built by Automated Highway Systems Consortium – A partnership between government /
universities / car companies
San Diego Test
• Results– AHS is feasible– AHS is not currently practical– Various AHS technologies are marketable– AHS technologies have significant positive
safety implications
Intelligent Vehicle Initiative
• The result of the AHS Findings
• Very heavy safety orientation
• Use new technology on roadside and in vehicles to make roadways safer
IVI Technologies
• Currently on the market– ABS (Anti-lock braking systems)– Night vision systems– GPS– Adaptive cruise control – Front end collision warning systems– Automated mayday systems
IVI Technologies
• Future Systems (under active development)– In-vehicle signing of
• Dangerous conditions
• Approaching emergency vehicle
– Side collision avoidance systems– Rear object warning systems– Lane departure warning systems
IVI Technologies
• Future Technologies (continued)
– Remote control vehicles• Snow plows
• “Guard” vehicles for maintenance (unmanned crash attenuator vehicles)
• Multi-vehicle “trains” (1 driver, multiple vehicles) for commercial trucks on barrier separated roads
IVI Technologies
• Future Technologies (continued)– Drowsy driver recognition– Intoxication detection– Automated steering control– Automated collision avoidance
• Lane following
• Obstacle recognition
• Intersection collision warning systems
IVI Technologies
• Human factors is a big deal– Do people trust the technology– Will people over-compensate for the
technology (or misunderstand its capabilities)• ABS
• 4-wheel drive in the snow
IVI Technology
• Deployment is a big issue– Public infrastructure versus private system
• Chicken and egg problem