The Argument Essay
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Transcript of The Argument Essay
The Argument EssayAP TIP IN Fall Conference 2013
1.“Situational”/Issue2. Quote 3.Prose Passage-Based
Argument Essay Question Types
Defend, Challenge, or Qualify• “Solving a moral or ethical
dilemma– Finding a universal
truth/universal implication• Find “worldly” evidence(s)• Causal Explication – how
does evidence chosen support the claim and validate a universal truth?
• Concession Refutation – argumentative skills
The Worlds
Personal ExperienceLiteratureThe ArtsHistoryPop CultureSports
ScienceTechnologyPoliticsCurrent EventsReligion
THE ARGUMENT THESIS STATEMENT
also called a dependent clause—will begin with a subordinate conjunction…
afteralthoughasbecausebeforeeven ifeven thoughifin order thatonceprovided thatrather thansinceso thatthanthatthoughunlessuntilwhenwheneverwherewhereaswhereverwhetherwhilewhy
1. Subordinate Clause
While . . . Although . . .
Even though . . .
Via the sub clause, students have qualified the argument, AND included a concession
• Address the prompt: Agree/Disagree» Already qualified via the subordinate clause
• What does this prove?–NOTE: No argument is really about the argument at hand…• Consider what the ‘argument’ says about the human condition = Universal Truth
2. Claim + Universal Truth
3.Directions/Support• 3 Examples• 1 from each of the “Worlds”
, 2. CLAIM Agree / Disagree +UNIVERSAL TRUTH
VERB PHRASE
As evidenced byAs shown byAs proven by1.
1.Subordinate Clause (dependent clause)
with concessionWhile, although, even
though….
Directions
, ,
Question 3(Suggested time — 40 minutes. This question counts for one-third of the total essay section
score.) Adversity has the effect of eliciting talents which in prosperous circumstances
would have lain dormant.—Horace
Consider this quotation about adversity from the Roman poet Horace. Then
write an essay that defends, challenges, or qualifies Horace’s assertion about
the role that adversity (financial or political hardship, danger, misfortune, etc.)
plays in developing a person’s character. Support your argument with
appropriate evidence from your reading, observation, or experience.
CONSTRUCTION OF THE BODY PARAGRAPH
HINT at what is to come in body paragraphConnect to claim and UT EX: Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I Have a Dream” speech, a quintessential speech proving the words of a revolutionary icon still have merit circa 2012, proves that freedom of speech is a necessity for progress and growth in America.
1. The Topic Sentence
Consider 2 Sections:Brief Description of “Worldly” Example
• Relevant to UT and claim
• Sub-example• Clear tone and
carefully chosen diction paralleling claim and UT
COMMENTARY• Cause/effect
organization• Logically and clearly
explains how sub-example supports the claim
Consider 2 Sections:Brief Description of “Worldly” Example
• Relevant to UT and claim
• Sub-example• Clear tone and
carefully chosen diction paralleling claim and UT
COMMENTARY• Cause/effect
organization• Logically and clearly
explains how sub-example supports the claim
CONCLUDING SENTENCE(S)• How does the world and claim
connect to a universal truth about the human condition and/or the world in which we live?
• Restate your main premise• Provide a brief summary of your argument
• Show how a group will benefit from following your assertion – SO WHAT?
• Explain what might happen if your idea is not accepted
• Ask for a call to action - Exigence
Conclusion
Concession/Refutation Paragraph
Concession to Other Side• While many people…• It is often a misnomer
that…• WHY do these “other”
people believe the way they do?
Refutation• WHY this opposing
argument is– Illogical– Incorrect– Irrelevant– Insufficient– Insignificant