THE ANCIENT SEVEN WONDERS THE ANCIENT SEVEN WONDERS OFOF WORLDWORLD

Can you name them?Can you name them? 1st list compiled around 1st list compiled around

the 2the 2ndnd century BC century BC 11stst reference to idea reference to idea

found in found in HistoryHistory by by Herodotus, 5Herodotus, 5thth century century B.C.B.C.

Callimachus of Cyrene Callimachus of Cyrene (305 BC-240 BC) wrote (305 BC-240 BC) wrote “A Collection of Wonders “A Collection of Wonders around the World”, around the World”, destroyed with the destroyed with the Alexandria LibraryAlexandria Library

Final list compiled during Final list compiled during Middle AgesMiddle Ages

Archaeological evidence Archaeological evidence reveals for their builders, reveals for their builders, the Seven Wonders were the Seven Wonders were a celebration of religion, a celebration of religion, mythology, art, power, mythology, art, power, and scienceand science

Today, they reflect Today, they reflect man’s ability to change man’s ability to change the landscape with the landscape with massive, beautiful massive, beautiful structures, one of which structures, one of which has stood the test of has stood the test of time!time!

THE TEMPLE OF ARTEMISTHE TEMPLE OF ARTEMISAT EPHESUSAT EPHESUS

“But when I saw the sacred house of Artemis that towers to the clouds, the other Wonders were placed in the shade,

For the Sun himself never looked upon its equal outside Olympus.”Antipater of Sidon

Located in ancient city of Ephesus near modern town south of Smyrna, Turkey

Built around 550 BC by Greek Architect ChersiphronDestroyed in AD 262 and again in AD 401

“I have lying, over me in Halicarnassus, a gigantic monument such as no other dead person has, adorned in the finest way with statues of

horses and men carved most realistically from the best quality marble.”

King Maussollos in Lucian’s “Dialogues of the Dead

Conceived by King Mausollos and his wife, Artemisia during his reign, 377 to 353 BC

Located in modern city of Bodrum on the Aegean Sea in southwest Turkey

Adorned with life-sized frieze of animals and humans

THE MAUSOLEUM AT HALICARNASSUS

THE HANGING GARDENS OF BABYLON

“The approach to the Garden sloped like a hillside and the several parts of the structure rose from one another tier on tier…On all this, the earth had been

piled…and was thickly planted with trees of every kind that, by their great size and other charm, gave pleasure to the beholder…The water machines [raised] ] the water in great abundance from the river, although no one outside could see

it.”

Diodorus Siculus

Built by Nebuchadnezzar II (604-562 BC) to please his wife or concubine

Located on the east bank of the River Euphrates south of Baghdad, IraqMost descriptive accounts are by Greek historians who never saw the

Gardens

THE GREAT PYRAMID OF GIZA“Man fears Time, yet Time fears the Pyramids”

Arab proverb

Only surviving structure of the Seven Ancient Wonders built around 2560 BCLocated at the city of Giza, a part of greater Cairo, Egypt

Consists of approximately 2 million blocks of stoneArea covered by pyramid can hold St. Peter’s in Rome, the cathedrals of

Florence and Milan, and Westminster and St. Paul’s in London COMBINED!

THE LIGHTHOUSE OF ALEXANDRIA“Sostratus, the son of Dexiphanes, the Cnidian, dedicated this to

the Saviour Gods, on behalf of those who sail the seas.”

Dedicatory inscription of the Lighthouse

Only one of the Seven Wonders built with a practical purpose, conceived by Ptolemy Soter around 29 BC

Destroyed by earthquakes and fireLocated on the ancient island of Pharos

Total height was about 384 ft, equivalent to a 40 story modern building

THE COLOSSUS OF RHODES“To you, O Sun, the people of Dorian Rhodes set up this bronze

statue reaching to Olympus when they had pacified the waves of war and crowned their city with the spoils taken from the enemy.

Not only over the seas but also on land did they kindle the lovely torch of freedom.”

Dedicatory inscription of the Colossus

Constructed over 12 years as a symbol of unity between the island of Rhodes and Egypt, finished in 282 BC

Destroyed in 226 BC by earthquakeLocated near entrance of harbor of the Mediterranean island of Rhodes

in GreeceStood about 110 ft high and influenced the design for the Statue of

Liberty

THE STATUE OF ZEUS AT OLYMPIA

“In his right hand a figure of Victory made from ivory and gold. In his left hand, his scepter inlaid with all metals, and an eagle perched on the

scepter. The sandals of the god are made of gold, as is his robe.”

Pausanias the Greek (2nd century AD)

Built around 450 BC to honor Zeus for Olympic GamesNatural disasters destroyed the temple by 5th Century AD while the

statue was destroyed by a fire in 462 AD Located at the ancient town of Olympia on west coast of modern Greece

west of AthensThe height of statue was 40 ft, equal to a 4 story building

THE ANCIENT SEVEN THE ANCIENT SEVEN WONDERS OF THE WONDERS OF THE

WORLDWORLD

ARCH 170 ARCHITECTURE HISTORYARCH 170 ARCHITECTURE HISTORY

(PREHISTORIC – GOTHIC)(PREHISTORIC – GOTHIC)

FALL 2004FALL 2004

COLLEGE OF THE SEQUOIASDEPARTMENT OF TECHNOLOGY & INDUSTRY

ROLANDO L. GONZALEZ, M. ARCH., A.I.A., INSTRUCTOR

AMERICA RIVAS