Diversity in Aging America Alliance for Retired Americans Las Vegas 2014.
The Aging of America Transformers
description
Transcript of The Aging of America Transformers
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JLG Associates, LLC
“The Aging of America’s Transformers”
by
Jon L. Giesecke, Director, JLG Associates, LLC
(610) [email protected]
The Weidmann Conference2006
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How Old is Old?
■The aging of the electrical infrastructure in the United States is a serious problem!!
■Until recently this problem has slipped thru the cracks. A new level of awareness is needed as these aging transformers are failing.
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Average Age
■As of today, our transformer population has an average age of 40 years
■The published life expectancy of many of our transformers is 40-50 years
■TIME’S UP…..NOW WHAT?
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WE MUST BE PRO-ACTIVE
WHAT’S NEEDED?
■The best asset management program using condition monitoring.
HOW?
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WE MUST BE PRO-ACTIVE
■ I have dedicated the past decade in search of the optimal tests for condition assessment of Oil Filled Power Transformers and their Sub-Systems.
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WE MUST BE PRO-ACTIVE
■ During that time, I helped develop a program using the newest technologies and the very best equipment, methods and techniques for condition assessments.
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WE MUST BE PRO-ACTIVE
■ Infrared, Vibration Analysis, DGA, Oil Quality and Functional Testing of the cooling systems and load tap changers was the backbone of the process.
■What was needed was an easy and reliable test method for Partial Discharge.
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WE MUST BE PRO-ACTIVEUSING THE NEWEST TECHNOLOGY
■A Partial Discharge (PD) testing method using acoustic sensors and a high frequency current transducer is now available
■This increases the protection factor for these utility industry assets:
Transformers, LTC’s, Lightning Arrestors, Pumps, OCB’s, GIS, etc.
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WE MUST BE PRO-ACTIVE
■This presentation will describe the process for PD detection / location and answer many key questions that may arise.
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■One Question…..What do Oil Circuit Breakers, Load Tap Changers and Voltage Regulators have in common?
■Anybody??????
However, before we start…..
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■Answer…..They all have contacts which arc under insulating oil!
Ahaa!
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■Something that shouldn't arc under oil……
■ANYBODY????
Abnormal Arcing(bad ju-ju)
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OIL FILLED POWER TRANSFORMERS
Abnormal Arcing(bad ju-ju)
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LET’S TAKE A WALK DOWN MEMORY LANE
■The Date…..1969■The Viet Nam War■Peace & Love■DGA■My Discharge from the Navy■Hippies & Flower Power■Bell Bottoms
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Let’s take a walk down memory lane.
Did he just say DGA???
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■ I was a maintenance electrician – high volt group.
■The high volt group was responsible for OCB, LTC and Regulator maintenance.
■Everything was based on time and operations / fault trippings
Back in the “OLD DAYS”
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■The most high tech device we all used was the Cincinnati Analyzer for breaker timing.
■Like many of you, I licked many charts until they came out with self stick. (new technologies)
Back in the “OLD DAYS”
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■ Then a brand new technology came into existence….DGA on Transformer Oil. By the way it was slow to catch on.
■ And yes, we were still using the old Cincinnati Analyzer
■ And doing overhauls based on time and operations
Back in the “OLD DAYS”
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I was threatened with bodily harm when I suggested doing DGA on an LTC
I imagine I would have been institutionalized if I had suggested doing DGA on OCB’s
Back in the “OLD DAYS”
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■BUT, as most of you know and are probably doing; both LTC and OCB problems are easily detected by DGA
■What about voltage regulators? Aren’t they in the same family?
■Arcing Contacts under oil, exhibit much of the same characteristics.
BACK TO THE FUTURE
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■And of course there came into major use in our industry, “Infrared Thermography”
■Everyone is doing IR■OCB and LTC infrared is very telling and
useful for diagnosing problems■A full set of functional tests on LTC’S
saved many costly failures
Back to the Future
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■Then along came “Ultrasonic Analysis”■Computerized motion analysis and capture
of 1st trip.■Wave Shape analysis,■Etc., Etc.
Back to the Future
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■A combination of ultrasonics and electrical capture of an arc is being done.
■And with it, the ability to analyze…■Source Locate■Trend■And make the big dollar decision on when
to say when.
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Today, we are able to capture and analyze a burst of acoustic
energy……BUT, HOW MANY DO???
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And Expand a selected Portion for a closer look
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And Expand even more to measure the Frequency Content.
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Technology today is able to capture the acoustic signal from the
operation of an LTC.
BUT, HOW MANY DO???
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Then expand and analyze the acoustic signal!
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Technology today is able to capture the Arcing from the operation of an
LTC.
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Then Expand and Analyze the Arc
B C
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Expand again to show the arcing contact and the follow-thru.
(B Phase)
B
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Then Expand C Phase for analysis.
(C Phase)
C
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AND BY THE WAY….
Did you realize???
This was a VACUUM TYPE LTC!
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■ I NOW HAVE THE ABILITY TO INSPECT VACUUM CONTACTS IN AN LTC DURING AN OPERATION….ALSO
■MECHANICAL LTC’S■ OCB’s ■ VOLTAGE REGULATORS
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■ ALSO THE ABILITY TO INSPECT OIL FILLED TRANSFORMERS AND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT DURING NORMAL OPERATION
■ CORE, WINDING, BUSHING LEADS■ PUMPS■ LA’S■ LTC’S
DETECTING PD AND ARCING IS FAST AND EASY
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“The Rest of the Story”
■When you look at the next few slides……
■Remember the top screen is acoustic energy…..
■The bottom screen is electrical energy…..
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THE COMPLETE LTC PICTURE FROM PREVIOUS SLIDES
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PARTIAL DISCHARGE IN MPT/GSU
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Cursors measure difference, PD is confirmed in this GSU
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Expand 1 Burst for a closer look.
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Expanding more shows #3 is closest (notice the spike shape)
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The fault Location Screen (front view) Pink Ball shows location of
PD.
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The fault Location (top down view)
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BAD LIGHTNING ARRESTOR (bottom screen only)
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ONE SPIKE FROM THE LA
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ONE SPIKE FROM PD (flip back and forth)
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Combining Data,a Holistic Approach
■ Partial Discharge Detection■ Infrared Thermography■ Vibration Analysis (main tank and pumps)■ Functional Testing of Cooling System & LTC■ DGA & Oil Quality Review■ Furan Analysis■ Review of Transformer Loading History
■ All done on energized, loaded transformers
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Combining Data,a Holistic Approach
■We only talked about one of the technologies from the list.
■Many times two or more methods point to the problem.
■Don’t short change yourself.■This knowledge is available, learn to do
a complete condition assessment.
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THANK YOU
QUESTIONS PLEASE