THAILAND’S ENVIRONMENATL SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT … · THAILAND’S ENVIRONMENATL SUSTAINABLE...
Transcript of THAILAND’S ENVIRONMENATL SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT … · THAILAND’S ENVIRONMENATL SUSTAINABLE...
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THAILAND’S ENVIRONMENATL SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT MASTER PLAN
24 April 2013
Bali, Indonesia
Ministry of Transport, Thailand
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TOPIC
• Current situations
• Environmental Sustainable Transport
Master Plan
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Bangkok Metropolitan
Panorama
Bangkok Metropolitan Region , BMR
POPULATION : 17.5 millions
AREA : 7,760 sq.km.
GDP 68 % of National GDP
Ministry of Transport
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1988 2002
Bangkok’s Land Use (Urban Sprawl)
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Bangkok situation
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0
500000
1000000
1500000
2000000
2500000
3000000
3500000
4000000
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Bangkok
Thailand
Number of Vehicle registration : 2003 - 2012
Years Nu
mb
er
of
Ve
hic
le (
Mil
lio
n)
Source: Department of Land Transport
Bangkok
Thailand
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Quality of Life
The CO2 PROBLEM IS A TRANSPORT
PROBLEM, PREDOMINATELY CARS AROUND URBAN AREAS
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• Health Impact
• Air pollution from transport sector (Bangkok)
- 75% of CO
- 80% of NOx
- 54% of PM
Air Pollution
8
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• Road
Accident
• Injuries
• Death
• Stress
Social Impact
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Energy, 87,162, 39%
Transportation, 59,806, 27%
Industry, 54,600, 25%
Other, 19,891, 9%
Energy
Transportation
Industry
Other
unit 1,000 ton CO2
GHGs Emission by Sector : 2011
Source: Thailand Energy Statistic 2012
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Road Mode 6.84
Air Mode .06
Rail Mode 0.68
Water Mode .42
Source: National Greenhouse Gas listing
Volumes of Greenhouse gas released by
Thailand’s Transport Sector
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11th Thailand National Economic and Social Development Plan
(Transport Sector During Year 2010-2015)
International
Trade
Agreement
Climate
Change
Aging
Society
Energy
• Change to Alternative Energy , Green Energy and Efficiency use in
Energy
• Road and Rail integrated Network around country and Neighboring
Country
• Improve Multi-modal Transportation
• Improve Transport System, Efficiency , Effectiveness, Accessibility, Safety ,Transport for all, (Aging people and Handicap)
• More Public Private Participation(PPP) Investment
Sub – regional
Corporation
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Economic prosperity Decrease economic loss
(VOT, VOC) Increase Competitiveness
Environmental friendly Energy saving,
Energy efficiency Reduce air emission & GHGs reduction
Social & Quality of life Safety, Accessibility, Equity, Sufficiency
Sustainable
Transport
Ministry of Transport
Vision : Toward Sustainable Transport
Transport and
Traffic
Development
Master Plan
2011 - 2020
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Environment
Economic
Social
International Driving Force : EST forum, Rio+20, UNFCCC
Internal Driving force
Master Plan Development
Environmental Sustainable Transport
Masterplan
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SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT MASTER PLAN
Bangkok Declaration
EST 2010 - 2020
Avoid Shift Improve
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P R IE T
R IE
Avold
Shift
Improve
R IE T
Factor involved
in greenhouse gas
reduction in
transport sector
Strategic Master Plan
Upgrade capability of agencies and personnel for the development of an environmentally
sustainable transport system
Strategic 1
Establish appropriate plans and mechanisms
for interfacing and monitoring of transport and traffic work plans/measures/projects; and to
move them forward to implementation
Strategic 2
Establish comprehensive and inter-
connected transport infrastructure
Strategic 3
Efficient transport management for
sustainability and greenhouse gas
reduction
Strategic 4
Promote transport R&D and
adoption of environment-friendly
innovations and technologies
Strategic 5
Promote public awareness of the
environment
Strategic 6
Tools/measures for
developing sustainable
transport system
Infrastructure
planning & trip
management
Incentive
through policy &
regulation
Economic
inducement
Awareness of
sustainable
transport &
environmental cost
Use of pollution
reducing
technologies
Evaluation of GH gas
reduction in transport
sector
P
R
E
I
T
P
P R I T
P R E T
P T
P R IE T
P T
I T
Plans / Period / Budget
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Vision
“An efficient transport model that is environment-friendly, appropriate for the development of sufficient and sustainable socio-economic infrastructure for Thailand”
SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT
MASTER PLAN
MISSION
Every concerned agency shall be committed to sharing of knowledge and experience; engaged in own personnel development, and shall work with other parties in the effort to reduce greenhouse gas emission in the transport sector. PURPOSE
To achieve a Master Plan, comprising a short-term programme (2013–2017) and a long-term plan (2018–2030), with the reduction of greenhouse gas emission in the transport sector as its primary aim.
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S T R A T E G Y
Strategy 1:Upgrade capability of agencies and personnel for the development of an environmentally sustainable transport system.
Strategy 2:Establish appropriate plans and mechanisms for interfacing and monitoring of transport and traffic work plans/measures/projects; and to move them forward to implementation.
Strategy 3:Establish comprehensive and inter-connected transport infrastructure.
Strategy 4: Efficient transport management for sustainability and greenhouse gas reduction.
Strategy 5: Promote transport R&D and adoption of environment-friendly innovations and technologies.
Strategy 6:Promote public awareness of the environment.
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• Upgrade capability of bus services quality
• Development and Training in “Global warming and transport”
Strategy 1: Upgrade capacity of agencies and
personnel for the development of an
environmentally sustainable transport system. (11
plans/projects)
• Plan for development of public transport in regional cities
• Study of sustainable and environmental-friendly water and air transport
Strategy 2: Establish appropriate
plans/mechanisms for interfacing/monitoring of transport and traffic work plans/measures/projects; forward to implementation
(19 plans/projects)
• Mass rapid transit projects (15 projects)
• Construction of Sea port in Chumporn province
Strategy 3: Establish comprehensive and inter-
connected transport infrastructure (44
plans/projects)
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• Procurement of new efficient buses with low pollution emissions (BMTA’s3183 NGV buses)
• Study of standards for parking control/fee collection of parking lots
Strategy 4: Efficient transport management for sustainability and
greenhouse gas reduction (22 plans/projects)
• Promotion of R&D of efficient high-tech equipment
• Promotion of the use of eco-friendly vehicle
Strategy 5: Promote transport R&D and
adoption of environmentally –
friendly innovations and technologies
(15 plans/projects)
• Holding public relations activities and provision of knowledge about eco-friendly driving
• Study and production of national public relations materials to disseminate information about global warming
Strategy 6: Promote Public awareness about environmental issues (9
plans/projects)
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GHGs emission from Transport sector
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Potential
GHGs reduction in Transportation Sector
Year GHGs at BAU (Million tons CO2 e)
Potential of GHGs reduction
(Million tons CO2 e)
%
2005 57.52 - -
2017 67.53 11 - 13 16 - 19
2020 74.02 15 - 16 20 - 22
2030 102.82 27 - 30 26 - 29
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avoid Avoid – Shift – Improve Concept
Expected City
No
Yes !!! Urban
Planning and
Land use
designed
Public transport as
backbone of the city
Car oriental city
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Shift
Integrated Multimodal Transport
Avoid – Shift – Improve Concept
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Mass Rapid Transit Master plan
MRTS MASTER
PLAN (MTMP) URMAP MRT
Modernization IMAC
1994 2000 2005 2006 Revised
URMAP (BMT)
2004 2029 2019 2014-16 2010
1999
M-MAP (2010-2029)
2004
236 km
391 km
12 lines 509 km
24 km 20 km 2.2 km
2009
Previous plan Short 10 years 20 year
Shift
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Railway Development Master Plan
Restructuring (urgent Phase: 2010-2014)
Track rehabilitation
Refurbishing Locomotive
Breaking Bottle neck
Reducing intersection between rail and road
Improvement (Phase II: 2015-2029)
Double Track Extension
Sub-Region Connecting
High Speed Train
Enhance Efficiency (Phase III: 2020-2025)
High Seed Train Network extension
New Logistic Routes
5 Yrs 10 Yrs
15 Yrs
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Shift Non-Motorized Transport
Non-Motorized Transport : is one of travel choices,
Bicycle lanes alongside motor lanes or
running trough public parks have been built.
Bicycle parking spaces and other cycling facilities have
been provided.
Pedestrians walking street
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Avoid – Shift – Improve Concept Improve
1. Vehicle Emission Standards
New Vehicles
EU4 standards, implemented since the end of 2012
- In-use Vehicles
The emission standards are used as reference standards for inspection and maintenance programme, consisting of Black Smoke, CO, HC, White Smoke, and Noise
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Rail Improvement
(Year 2010-2514 Total Cost
Bt153 billion)
• New Double-track Rail 767Km.
• Improve Sleepers
(Wood to Concrete)
• Buy new Locomotives
• Improve Train-Road
Barriers
Rail in Thailand
• 4,346 Km.
in 47 provinces
Shift
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Bangkok Metropolitan Region (BMR) Mass Transit Master Plan (2010-2029) 1.Commuter Train lines and Airport Link 3 lines176Km. (Existing 36.4 Km.) 2.Mass Rapid Transit 5 lines 217 Km. (Existing 43 km. Under Con. 20 Km. In process 23 Km.) 3.Light Rail Transit 4 lines 102 Km.
Shift & Improve
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Railway Development Master Plan
Restructuring (urgent Phase: 2010-2014)
Track rehabilitation
Refurbishing Locomotive
Breaking Bottle neck
Reducing intersection between rail and road
Improvement (Phase II: 2015-2029)
Double Track Extension
Sub-Region Connecting
High Speed Train
Enhance Efficiency (Phase III: 2020-2025)
High Seed Train Network extension
New Logistic Routes
5 Yrs 10 Yrs
15 Yrs
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Deep Seaport
Pakbara (Andaman Sea)
Duration Investment Type
6 Years
(Yr 2011-2016)
Cost 12,434 MB
- Civil Work 9,585.58 MB
- Project Supervision 150.85 MB
- Environment 7.7 MB
- Tools and Equipments 2,692.9 MB
PPPs (BTO)
Project Information
Discount rate IRR B/C NPV
12% 14.31 % 1.1 726.5 MB
8% 14.31 1.15 3,494.90 MB
Return on Investment
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Barriers for Towards Sustainable
Transport
Policy Barriers
Institutional Barriers
Technical Barriers
Market Barriers
Economic and Financial Barriers
Information Barriers
Ministry of Transport
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Barrier Removal Activities
Capacity building (e.g., financial evaluation, technology
application, energy-integrated urban transport planning)
Institutional strengthening (e.g., regulatory frameworks,
vehicle emission standards)
Investments (e.g., demonstration & replication projects)
Training (e.g., design, operation, maintenance of vehicles
and transport systems)
Targeted research (e.g., adaptation of technologies,
techniques, practices to local conditions)
Ministry of Transport
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Avoid
• Urban planning
• Complex city
Shift
• Mode of Transport : public and mass transit
• Freight :road to rail
Improve
• Vehicle/fuel standard
• Technology
Cross cutting
Thailand’s EST
Master Plan
120projects/plans
/policies
• Safety :
Decade of road safety
•Climate Change
•Awareness
Most difficult
Implementing
Largely
Implemented
Largely
Implemented
Not yet
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Thank you
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A Study of the Local Public Transport System:
Case Study on Klaeng District, Rayong Province, Thailand
Pilot Project
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Location of Klaeng District, Rayong Province,
Thailand
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Concepts
With the corporation of Local authority and community, considerable plans on climate change that reduce the amount of CO2 emission was introduced as follow:
• Reduce vehicle use and fuel consumption
• Increase the mobility of traffic
• Introduce local public transport called “Klaeng’s Public Transport System”
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Klaeng’s Public Transport
Tire wheels
Headlights Rearview mirror Backlights
Bell signals
Gasoline engine
cars converted to
use LPG
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Services and Operation
• Free service for everyone
• 4 Cars
• Provide early morning and evening services
• Accommodate 40-50 passengers/vehicle
• Serve more than 300 students and 170 people per day
•A service range is about
3-13 kilometre
•Average speed is
12-18 km/hr
•Travel time is about
15-35 minutes
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Outcome of the operation
• Reduce fuel consumption, approximately 7,250
litres/year
• Reduce CO2 emission, approximately 16
tons/year
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Benefits to Community
• Alternative travel choice which is convenient, safe and
improve quality of life for community.
• Decrease in traffic and improve the environment in the
city.
• Release parental time burden, thus, have more time to
earn income for the family.
• Create a strong cooperation and connection between
member of community.
• Effectively encourage people to engage in
physical exercise
“Some say they won’t go exercise if there is no
Klaeng’s Municipal Tram System services”
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Green Growth Development
Environmental Sustainable Transport
National Policy for Climate
Change
Conclusion