The Phasmid

tStudy Group C i l i l i i Mro J u d i t h Maruhall

Department of Entomology, The N a t u r a l H i s t o r y Huaeum,

Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD ( T o l 0171 938 9344

Fax 0171 938 8937)

T r e a s u r e r / M e m b e r s h i p i Paul Brock

" P a p i l l o n " , 40 Thorndike Road, Slough, Barka SL2 1SR

( T a l 01753-579447)

S e c r e t a r y i P h i l B r agg v

51 L o n g f i e l d U n a , I l k e s t o n , D e r b y s h i r e DE7 4DX

( T a l i 0115 9305010)

JUNE 1995 N E W S L E T T E R No 63 ISSN 0268-3806

DIARY DATES 1995

JUNE 24th, THE WEST OF ENGLAND CREEPY CRAWLY SHOW.

Newton Abbot Racecourse, Devon.

JULY 22nd, PSG SUMMER MEETING.

The Natural History Museum, South Kensington, London.

NOVEMBER 26th, CHRISTMAS ENTOMOLOGICAL FAIR.

Granby Halls, Leicester.

EXHIBITIONS & MEETINGS R E P O R T

The Spring Entomological Fair. Granby Halls. Leicester.

Once again, the Phasmid Study Group had a stand at this now annual event, and again

considerable interest was shown in the displays. A large quantity of livestock was brought in,

and all was distributed by the end of the show. A number of "T - shirts" were also sold, helping

to boost the PSG funds.

A large number of dealers were exhibiting at the show, selling mainly equipment and dead

specimens, livestock being a bit thin on the ground, possibly because the show was a bit earlier in

the year.

Midland PSG meeting at Phil Bragg's house.

A few of the local members from the Midlands attended the meeting held at Phil's house. On

display was Phil's extensive collection of dead Phasmids, now housed in his new cabinets, and

some of the latest live specimens that he has in culture. Slides were shown of the family

Heteropteryginae, and in particular, the differences between the various species of Haaniella. In

all, a very interesting afternoon, and many thanks go to Phil and Jenny for their hospitality.

63:2

T H E PHASMID STUDY GROUP ON T H E WORLD WIDE W E B by Gordon Ramel (No

1163)

The P.S.G. is now part of the great information highway. For those not associated with an

academic institute, and others unaware of what the W W W . is, it is a huge conglomeration of

"pages" of information on a large (semi infinite) variety of subjects which reside on "servers"

(computers designed for this purpose) of most academic and many commercial organisations.

These are all linked by communication channels. This information is accessed by "browsers"

(pieces of software which search for and open requested documents) which work in harmony

with a number of data bases which store the "URL'S" (addresses) of large numbers of pages or

documents; i.e. Lycos had 2.69 million document addresses in its large data base last time I

checked, it will have even more by now.

This means that people with the required computer facilities (internet access) will be able to

access a page of introductory information on the P.S.G. from their computer. At this moment the

page just has the logo and a small bit about the society and some relevant addresses. It would be

easy to put up some other information such as the membership and livestock lists, but this would

have to be ratified by the society before further information could be added.

I would appreciate any colour photos of Phasmids or ova that anyone would care to donate, in

particular, a photo of Pharnacia serratipes in the process of hatching, they need to be very sharp

focus.

The P.S.G. page is set up under my own home page and is part of a data base of entomological

related societies I am setting up, thus the Blattodea Culture Group are also there, along with

many others.

For those who want to check the page out, "Netscape" is the best browser, i f you have it

available, and the addresses are:

Gordons Entomological Home Page =http://www.ex.ac.uk/~gjlramel/welcome,html

And the P.S.G Home Page =http://www.ex.ac.uk/~gjlramel/psg.html

"T - SHTRTS"

The demand for "T -Shirts" has been so great, that we actually sold out of both Aretaon

asperrimus and the Heteropteryx dilatata. They have both now been re-ordered and members

who have requested a "T -Shirt" should have received them by the time this Newsletter reaches

you. Unfortunately, the company that supplies the "T -Shirts", no longer supplies them in

medium, so please note this when ordering.

A new design depicting the male Oreophoetes perucma will be available at the summer meeting

hopefully.

NEW ADDITIONS TO T H E SPECIES L I S T - by Phil Bragg

First some information on PSG 160, the last one on the current list. The culture is from Burma,

and was collected in 1983 by R. Westhalt.

The following species have been added to the species list. *

161. Phenacephorus sepiiokensis Bragg Lonchodinae Sabah. P C S - B. Ro. Py.

162. Phenacephorus sp. Lonchodinae Brunei. S C S - B. E . Ro. Py.

163. Sipyloidea sp. Necrosciinae Australia. S C S - W B. E . Ro. Py.

63:3

PSG 161 is very similar to Phenacephorus cormtcervi but larger and not as variable. It is also not as easy to rear, this may be related to the fact that the culture is parthenogenetic. I collected one female of this species at Sepilok on a visit with Paul Inglis and C.L. Chan in 1992.

PSG 162 females are similar to Phenacephorus spirrulosus but larger, males are similar to Carausius abbreviates but smaller and with a typical Phenacephorus-shaped end to the abdomen. The culture stems from two males and two females which I collected near the Brunei Museum at Kota Batu, in November 1994. The species is quite widespread in north-eastern Borneo. It seems an easy species to rear.

PSG 163 females are similar to Sipyloidea sipylus. Males are more slender and fly well. Eggs are dropped to the ground and it is a very easy species to rear. I collected two females and three males of this species near Cairns, Queensland in October 1994.

IDENTITY OF PSG 152

Wim Potvin is quite correct in stating that PSG 152 is not a Calynda (Newsletter 62: 8). When the species was originally added to the PSG list (Newsletter 56: 5) I had not seen adults and used the name which I was given. Prompted by Wim's note in the Newsletter, I have examined some adult specimens; this species seems to belong in the subfamily Bacteriinae, tribe Bacteriini.

The following key to the tribe Bacteriini is derived from Redtenbacher's key to Phibalosomini (Redtenbacher, J. 1908, Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden, 3: 399).

1 The four hind femora and tibiae without strong spines on the medio-ventral carinae

Bacteria Latreille.

The four hind femora with densely spined or toothed ventral carinae. Body scabrose.2.

2. Occiput smooth Hirtuleius Stal.

Occiput tuberculate, or with rounded horns, (poculum very

elongated) Phibalosoma Gray

On the basis of this key, PSG 152 does indeed seem to belong in Bacteria. Redtenbacher included 54 species in Bacteria, quite a few are not in his key to the genus and ten species have been described since 1908. I have not attempted to identify PSG 152 to species level.

A NOTE ON THE RECENT Baculum SPECIES ON THE CULTURE LIST - Phil Bragg

Quite recently four species of Baculum have been added to the list of species in culture (PSG 153, 157, 158, 159). All four seem to be easy to rear and are being distributed quite widely. Clearly there is a danger of them being mixed up. In the last Newsletter (62: 6) I gave a brief description of the eggs of three of these species. At the time I was unaware that some eggs had been distributed with Peter Heusi's code numbers before they were added to the PSG list. These numbers were as follows:

PSG 157 PHCP/1/93

PSG 158 PHCP/2/93

PSG 159 PHCP/3/93

63:4

The terminal 93 refers to the year the cultures were collected, and may not be included on all the batches of eggs.

With PSG 153 the potential for confusion is increased because the females appear in two distinct colour forms; these seem to depend on the humidity at which they are reared. Under very dry conditions (net cage, little foodplant, never sprayed with water) they are light brown dorsally and reddish ventrally. Under more humid conditions the body is dark green dorsally, and the ventral and lateral surfaces are a creamy-brown; the legs are green. The colour of the males is consistently a light bronze with green mid and hind femora, regardless of rearing conditions.

STUNTED GROWTH by Andrew Trevarton (No 1349) and Rachael Eddy. (No 1349)

In reply to Robert Graham's (1252) item "Stunted" (Newsletter 61:4), I too have been puzzled by the reluctance of my female Extatosoma tiaratum to undergo ecdysis after the 2nd or 3 rd instar.

Despite being housed in a large warm tank and feeding well on both bramble and Eucalyptus, a period of 4 months and 11 days elapsed before a skin change occurred. The insect still feeds well and looks healthy and is about 6 - 7 cm. in length, but 3 months on shows no sign of imminent shedding. In the meantime the male of the same age has grown to full size and died. I am wondering if this is an indication of sexually dimorphic life cycles in this species.

DELAYED AND STUNTED GROWTH IN PHASMIDS by Mark Jackson (No 1321)

In reply to the article "STUNTED Extatosoma tiaratum" by Robert Graham in Newsletter 61:4,1 have experienced similar stunted growth with nymphs of Bacteria sp. (PSG 152) and Aplopus sp. (PSG 61).

At last year's PSG Summer Meeting I obtained six second instar Aplopus nymphs. All the nymphs developed perfectly except one which failed to moult again after fourth instar. However, the nymph continued to feed and behave normally for several months and by the time it finally died a number of its siblings had become adult!

Again, I experienced a similar problem with a Bacteria sp. which halted growth for four months as a final instar nymph, but on this occasion the nymph finally moulted, long after the others had become adult. Surprisingly, it has just begun to lay its first eggs whilst most of the others are now reaching the end of their lives!

NEW FOOD PLANTS FOR PSG 1 AND 3 by Michael Groves (No 893)

I have noticed escapee nymphs of PSG 1 and 3 eating pottec%yclamen| both the white and pink flowering varieties. PSG 3 nymphs are perfectly camouflaged against the stalks. PSG 1 nymphs change to a pink colour to match the flowers, making an effective camouflage.

(Editor's note: I have an adult PSG1 living loose in our back room, feeding on Asparagus Fern, Palm and Rubber Plant, the latter which it seems to prefer.)

MORE FOOD PLANTS FOR OUR PHASMIDS! by Mark Jackson (No 1321)

Due to space limitations, I often keep a variety of different compatible species in the same cage. As a result I have discovered that food I have provided for one species is often being rapidly consumed by several others!

63:5

In particular, I have noticed that my Lonchodes everetti nymphs readily accept evergreen oak and rose as do my adult Orxines macklottii. Extatosoma tiaratum also feed on evergreen oak,

Phenacephorus cormicervi will eagerly feed on privet and both Bacteria sp. (PSG 152) and Aplopus sp. (PSG 61) eat raspberry.

In addition, all of the above species with the exception of Aplopus sp. thrive well on Kerria

japonica leaves. (For more on K. japonica as an alternative foodplant see Newsletter 61:5)

PSG 61 AND 48 MALES PAIRING WITH PSG 13 FEMALES by Michael Groves

Reading back through past Newsletters, I read one of Edward Blackwell's (926) articles about Aplopus (48) males pairing with Acrophylla wuelfingi females. I have also noticed my Aplopus

(61) pairing with Acrophylla females.

Does this suggest a trend perhaps? If you compare PSG 61 with PSG 13 you will notice the shape of the body is vaguely similar, especially in the males, with PSG 13 being much bigger and having longer wings in relation to the body.

PARTHENOGENESIS by Charles Woolman (No 2)

In the December Newsletter (61:4), Ewan Mhor (1222) asked for information about parthenogenesis for which I have put together this article.

Eggs and sperms are normally produced by a type of cell division called reduction cell division (meiosjs). It is actually two sets of division, taking the genetic material (which has been duplicated prior to cell division) and dividing twice to end up with four daughter cells, each with half the normal amount of genetic material:-

1st Division

A A 2nd Division

O O 6 o

In producing eggs, the cell divisions are usually unequal, giving one "good" egg and one polar body (a sort of runt containing little other than genetic material):-

1st Division '̂ "^

A. lst Polar Body

Q . 2nd Polar Body

The effect of this is still that the one produced has half the normal amount of genetic material.

63:6

Many insect groups go in for parthenogenesis and there are three main approaches. In the version

practised by bees, wasps and ants, females develop from the fertilised eggs and males from the unfertilised eggs. These latter have only half the normal amount of genetic material in all their body cells. When they produce sperm it is by ordinary cell division (mitosis), not meiosis.

A second method of parthenogenesis is common in cockroaches and aphids. This is really a "cheat" as the eggs are produced by ordinary cell division (mitosis) and so have normal amount of genetic material.

Phasmids go in for a version called automictic (or autogamous) parthenogenesis. In this case the egg is produced by reduction cell division but the normal quota of genetic material is restored by a form of self-fertilisation. Either the egg cell nucleus joins with the second polar body, or the egg cell divides by ordinary cell division and the resulting two cells fuse together to restore the normal amount of genetic material - so Ewan was nearest the mark when he suggested self-fertilisation.

WHO WAS CARAUSIUS? by Dr J Sellick. (No 49)

I was leafing through "The Times" when my attention was suddenly caught by a familiar name. It was an article about a "rebel" Roman emperor, who declared himself ruler of Britain in the third century. It was a troublesome century and there were thirty "real" emperors in that period of a hundred years. The one in the article was Marcus Aurelius Carausius (three Rome - based emperors also carried the names Marcus Aurelius). Historians are anxious to find out more about him. I would like to know how is name came to be attached to the most notorious of Phasmids. When Stal created the genus in 1875, did he take the name from the emperor of Britain, or is it just a wild coincidence? Stal created 82 other genus names, none of which appear to be based on imperial names, indeed I do not recognise any other Phasmid genus as bearing the name of an emperor. Does anyone have the answer?

PROGRESS IN THE STUDY OF PHASMID EGGS by Dr J Sellick

I have recently checked through my collection of reprints and other references, and it is interesting to see how egg descriptions and figures have more and more become part of the routine of Phasmid descriptions. It all started with Parkinson in 1798, whose figure of the egg of Phasma (now Heteropteryx dilatata) was splendidly detailed, large and accurate. It was a century before such quality of observation appeared again, in Sharp (1898). By the end of the next hundred years, only three years off, hundreds of species will have had their eggs accurately depicted. I know of 155 publications which depict eggs, 78 of which appeared in PSG Newsletters and Phasmid Studies. The graph shows the numbers of publications figuring eggs, in ten - year groupings. This includes all types of quality, many of which are too small and/or inaccurate to be of much scientific value. The first published scanning electron micro graphs of egg structure known to me appeared in 1977 (Scali & Mazzini), since when there have been twelve other s.e.m. egg publication.

63:7

SEARCHING FOR LEAF INSECTS IN SRI L A N K A by Charles Woolman (No 2) and Haris

Dharmasiri (No 1397)

Searching for something that is difficult to find is often described as 'looking for a needle in a

haystack". Now imagine looking for a needle that has been camouflaged against the hay - that is

what you are up against when you look for leaf insects! There is even an added problem. The

leaf insects may be at the top of a tall tree - we cannot even reach the "haystack" to start

looking!

Despite this, we have made a good start. Our first stock came from Mr. Wijayasiri who has a

culture line which he has kept going for many years. We have recently found out that wild males

are regularly attracted to his females, so there must still be wild leaf insects in the area where he

lives ( Gampaha - see map). It also means that his stock is not so inbred as we had at first

thought - he has introduced some of these wild males into his colony.

Our big stroke of luck came at the end of November '94 on a school field trip to a remnant of

forest on the edge of a tea plantation at Ekneligoda near Kuruwita ( see map ). There we met

Nimal Dayawansa. Nimal, who runs a small shop in the village, is interested in natural history.

Talking to him it was evident that he knew of leaf insects in the area and to prove it he managed

to find us a first instar nymph! It was newly hatched and a most beautiful scarlet colour. Our

first wild - caught specimen!

63:8

0zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA * <sAn(>hH/{

So

We decided to

concentrate on

Ekneligoda and

have been returning

to the village once

a month since that

time. Since then we

have obtained five

other specimens

(all newly hatched

nymphs! ) from

approximately the

same spot. Despite

Nimal (and half the

village) keeping an

eye out for us in

between times,

these are the only

specimens that

have turned up. It

seems that leaf

insects are difficult

to find in the wild,

though we are not

convinced that they are actually rare.

We are continuing to visit the village regularly in the hope of learning more about the leaf insects

in the area. Many of the villagers claim to have seen them from time to time. While it is likely

that some of their accounts refer to other insects, Nimal is pretty good at separating the "wheat

from the chaff' and there are intriguing suggestions that there may be different sizes (and colour

patterns) of leaf insects on different trees. We hope that our perseverance will pay off in the end

and that we will be able to either confirm or refute some of the accounts that we have been given.

In the mean time we have five surviving wild-caught specimens- two first instar, two in second

instar and one third instar ( the very first nymph we got died shortly after entering third instar, for

no apparent reason). They are about 50% larger than the stock which I have from Mr. Wijayasiri

so it will be interesting to see whether they are the same species.

Other approaches we have taken are attempting to attract males to caged females in the Colombo

and Ratnapura area (no luck so far) and writing articles to local newspapers (both in English and

Sinhala) hoping for some response from readers. We are gradually accumulating information but

it is a slow process!

STUDYING L E A F INSECTS IN SRI L A N K A SOME IMPLICATIONS F O R RAISING

T H E M IN C A P T I V I T Y by Charles Woolman (No 2)

Stick insects are notoriously difficult to establish in culture back in Europe. Here in Sri Lanka

they are in their natural environment and of course, they are easy. Having said that, survival of

the nymphs varies in an unpredictable way. Sometimes I have 98% survival of the newly hatched

nymphs. Other times I have 98% loss ( a typical average is around 90% survival ). It is as i f

certain batches of eees iust barelv manage to complete development and the nymphs are. in some

63:9

way, weak. Could it be that eggs which have been shipped, stored and posted may give rise to

less viable nymphs?

I f I was returning to Europe now, there would be certain things I would do differently. I would

worry less about heat and more about air flow. Just as the early orchid growers found that their

success improved when they increased the ventilation and turned down the heat, so I think a little

of the same would help leaf insects.

The temperatures here are "tropical" but they are not excessive. In the places where I know leaf

insects occur a typical average temperature would be about 26 centigrade. The highest regions in

Sri Lanka may experience light frost at times. While I doubt that leaf insects live up in those

areas I'd be not at all surprised to find them in areas where the average temperature is nearer 20

degrees. Typical room temperature in temperate countries is around the low twenties.

Humidity here is typically around the mid 80% region. Leaf insects seem to like a high humidity

and misting them once or twice a day is a good idea, but they dislike being cooped up with

permanent condensation. Indeed, the latter is dangerous to them as their broad, flat abdomen very

easily gets stuck on to the water film. They then struggle, weaken and die. It has crossed my

mind that the "scorpion curl" that they give to their abdomen when they are disturbed might

originally have been selected for because it reduced their chance of being trapped in this way.

Perhaps it is only secondarily that it functioned as warning behaviour to frighten away predators -

an example of pre-adaptation. As for food plants, I'm beginning to think that they are pretty

catholic in their tastes. I would probably grow guava to feed them on just to get the culture

started. After that I would try a range of the usual Phasmid food plants. Cutting the edges of the

leaves, or putting them in with larger specimens, helps encourage younger ones to feed, as with

other Phasmids.

To sum up, try treating them more as if they were Carausius morosus rather than delicate hot

house flowers. It would be worth a try.

A 20 Y E A R OLD PHASMID C U L T U R E , by Haris Dharmasiri (No 1397)

How many people do you know who have kept a Phasmid Culture going for over 20 years? I am

not talking about that good old stand by the Indian stick insect Carausius morosus, but about a

culture of the leaf insect Phyllium bioculatum *. The remarkable man in question is Mr.

T.A.Wijayasiri ( V .J . to his friends ), a Sri lankan naturalist in the mould of Gilbert White.

As a child V.J. had a natural curiosity about the world around him and developed a particular

interest in insects. At the time leaf insects were easy to find on the guava trees around the

village. He was fascinated by the near perfect camouflage and had a special affection for these

bizarre and inoffensive insects.

Unfortunately the insects became much rarer in the locality - probably their numbers were

gradually whittled down by the drifting of insecticide sprays from the paddy fields.

V.J.'s village is near Gampaha where there is a botanical garden. Part of this garden has been left

as "Original" low land forest and one day, whilst searching there for insects, V.J. came across a

female leaf insect. " To the best of my memory it was found about 5 feet high from the ground on

the lower surface of a leaf, but the plant species was not known to me - though it was not guava

tree". The insect was collected and put in a cage but the next morning it had been attacked and

killed by ants.

63:10

As luck would have it, a small boy in the village brought a specimen to him shortly afterwards but

it had been damaged and it too soon died. V.J.'s interest in leaf insects had however been

reawakened and he kept an eye on the tree ( guava ) where the boy had found the last specimen.

Finally his patience was rewarded and another mature female was captured. It was placed in a

better protected cage and laid about 30 eggs before dying.

Knowing nothing about the life cycle of leaf insects, but being familiar with a wide range of other

tropical insects, V.J. was surprised when, after a month had gone by, none of the eggs had

hatched. He wrote to an entomologist at the Colombo museum who suggested that, perhaps they

had not been fertilised. V.J. gave up on the eggs and threw them out near the base of a cashew

nut tree. That should have been the end of the story, but fate intervened. 5 months later his

younger daughter, playing near the cashew nut tree, noticed some baby leaf insects. (there must

be some "naturalist genes" in there somewhere ! ) and showed them to her father. Most had been

attacked by the red ants and only 4 could be found undamaged. From those four insects, a colony

was founded which is still thriving today, more than 20 years later. Over the years V.J. has

supplied many thousands of eggs to overseas entomological dealers. I f you have ever purchased

eggs from dealers, there is a fair chance that they came from V.J.'s colony.

The success rate of European Phasmid enthusiasts in rearing leaf insects has been very low but

without V.J.'s perseverance plus a little serendipity ( did you know that, that word refers to Sri

Lanka? ) there might not even have been a chance to try.

* NOTE : V.J.'s leaf insects were originally identified as Phyllium crurifolium (Serville) by Dr.

Priyantha Wijesinghe of the Natural History Museum in Colombo. P. crurifolium is a junior

synonym for P. bioculatum (Gray)

SOME FOOD PLANTS OF Acanthoxyla prosing eeisovii NATURALISED IN A GARDEN

IN WEST C O R N W A L L by E. C. M. Haes (No 690)

A population of the New Zealand Prickly Stick Insect has become established in my small garden

at Angarrack, near Hayle, West Cornwall, since 1989.

By the summer of 1991, nymphs of various stages, and adults, were seen to be feeding on the

conifer Chamaecyparis lawsoniana "Fletcheri" and on bramble, which were thoroughly

integrated with a twenty year old Escallonia hedge, along two sides of the garden. These remain

the most important food plants, but in the summer of 1993 and 1994 (and because of the

exceptionally mild weather the first two months of 1995), both nymphs and adults have been seen

feeding in small numbers on the hybrid rock rose, Cistus x corbariemis, the tree heather, Erica

lusitanica and the Rose of Sharon, Hypericum patulum.

63:11

Phasmid Quiz

Sorry there are no prizes, so don't send in any entries! Answers will be published in the next

Newsletter.

Phasmid record holders

Can you name the following Phasmids?

1. The longest in the world.

2. The shortest in the world.

3. The heaviest in the world.

4. The lightest in the world.

5. The first species to be given a scientific name.

Phasmids and PSG members

All of the following PSG members have had Phasmids named after them. Can you name the

Phasmids?

1. Ian Abercrombie.

2. Paul Brock.

3. UlfCarlberg.

4. C.L. Chan.

5. Allan Harman.

6. Eric & Johan van Gorkom.

The History of the PSG

Questions in this section may prove difficult for members who have joined recently! However all

the answers can be found in old copies of the Newsletter i f you search hard enough!

1. In which year was the PSG formed?

2. List all the past and present editors.

3. Ian Abercrombie is the current Livestock Co-ordinator, name two others who have done

the job in the past.

4. The 100th member joined the group early in 1982, who was it?

5. At the end of 1994, how many members were there in the PSG?

63:12

"T - SHIRTS"

"T - Shirts with the design of Oreophoetes peruana, Aretaon asperrimus and Heteropteryx

dilatata are now available from The Editor, Paul Taylor (address at end of Newsletter). Sizes

available are Large and Extra Large, and the cost, still only £5.00 plus p&p. (UK mainland £1.00

p&p; Overseas £1.50 p&p)

Cheques should be made payable to "The Phasmid Study Group" and don't forget to state your

size, name and address and which "T - shirt" Oreophoetes peruana, Aretaon asperrimus or

Heteropteryx dilatata.

WANTS & EXCHANGE

Mark Jackson (No 1231) urgently requires male nymphs of PSG 44 & 18 and ova or nymphs of

13, 112, 125 & 127. In exchange he has surplus ova of PSG 1, 22,90 & 152 and surplus nymphs

of PSG 1, 22, 90 and 104.

Please contact Mark Jackson, 9 St. Merryn Close, Plumstead, London, SE18 2RF 2RF.

(9:0181 855 4096 evenings, 0181 317 4564 daytime)

Wanted - Haaniella muelleri (PSG 112) male, Anisomorpha sp. (PSG 122) female, urgently

required. Also ova\nymphs ofMenexenus laetus wanted. Contact Chris Clarke (No 927), 223

Green Lane, Coventry, CV3 6EF. (S:01203 419225)

^ ^ ^ :f~ ^f- :f- % \\j \"

Wanted as either ova or nymphs - PSG No's 2, 18,* 52,and 84. Contact Lesley Morton, 26 Rodel

Drive, Polmont, FK2 0YU, Stirlingshire. ^

Surplus PSG 9 {Extatosoma tiaratum) ova for exchange. I am looking for ova\nymphs of PSG 2

(Orxines macklottii). Contact David Bond, 19 School Lane, South Milford, Leeds, LS2 5NR,

North Yorkshire.

NEXT NEWSLETTER

Please send all contributions to the Editor: -

Paul Taylor, 24 Forge Road, Shustoke, Coleshill, Birmingham, B46 2AU. England.

9: 01675 481578. to reach me by 1st August 1995, or preferably earlier.

Contributions can be accepted in the following forms:

a. Hand-written. b. Typed c. On IBM compatible computer disk providing it is sent on

a 3.5" double or high density disk. Files can be accepted as Dos Text, Microsoft Wordfor

Windows, Microsoft Works or as ASCI J files.

All contributions to the Newsletter will be deemed to be submitted to the French GEP Le Monde

des Phasmes, the Belgian-Dutch Phasma and the German Arthropoda for translation.