Textile Industry
-
Upload
ajay-kumar -
Category
Documents
-
view
18 -
download
0
description
Transcript of Textile Industry
DEEPAK SINGH
RAGHURAJ SINGH
MOHIT SINGH
RAHUL CHAUDHARY
RAHUL RATHORE
INTRODUCTION
• The textile industry is primarily concerned with the design and production of yarn, cloth, clothing, and their distribution.
• Textile industry are also that manufacture raw product for cloth manufactured companies and industries.
• Textile industry can be classified into three categories cotton , woolen and synthetic fiber which are to be depending upon the raw material used in it.
Indian Textile Industry
• India contributes to about 25% share in the world trade of cotton yarn.
• I dia, the world’s third-largest producer of cotton and second-largest producer of cotton yarns and textiles, is poised to play an increasingly important role in global cotton and textile markets
• The ready ade gar e t se tor is the iggest seg e t i the I dia’s textile export basket contributing over 46% of the total textile exports.
• Exports have grown at an average of 9.47% pa over the last decade.
Input Process Output
Textile fibres yarn manufacturing Yarn
Yarn Fabric manufacturing Grey fabrics
Grey fabrics Wet processing Finished fabrics
Finished fabrics Garments
manufacturing Garments
SPINNING PROCESS
Spinning is a major part of the textile industry. It is part of the textile manufacturing process where three types of fiber are converted into yarn, then fabrics, which undergo finishing processes such as bleaching to become textiles. The textiles are then fabricated into clothes or other products.
WEAVING PROCESS
Weaving is a method of textile production in which two distinct sets of yarn or threads are interlapped at right angles. The longitudinal threads are called the warp and the lateral threads are the weft or filling.
WEAVING PROCESS FLOW CHART Input Process Output
Yarn from spinning section
Doubling and twisting Double twisted yarn
Double twisted yarn Winding Winded yarn
Winded yarn Warping Warped yarn
Warped yarn Sizing Sized yarn
Sized yarn Weaving Weaved yarn
DYEING PROCESS
Dyeing is the process of adding color to textile products like fibers, yarns, and fabrics. Dyeing is normally done in a special solution containing dyes and particular chemical material. After dyeing, dye molecules have uncut chemical bond with fiber molecules. The temperature and time controlling are two key factors in dyeing. There are mainly two classes of dye, natural and man-made.
Dyeing Process Flow Chart
After treatment
Finishing
Inspection
Packing
Baling
Grey cloth
Stitching
Cropping
Brushing
Singeing
Dyeing
Brushing
Mercerizing
Scouring
Desizing
Input Process Output
Weaved clothes Inspection of grey cloth Removed the warp and breakage &
hole spot
Inspected grey clothes Stitching Bounding of yarn edges
Stitched cloth Cropping Warp and weft thread is removed
Cropped cloth Brushing Removed dust, dirt , loose fiber
Brushed clothes Singeing Hairy and projecting fiber
Singed clothes Desizing Gummy material material size
Desized fabric scouring Removed impurities
pure fabric Mercerizing Strength & moisture regain
Fabric immerged with color Dyeing Decorated by different color
Dyed clothes Printing Special appearance
Printed clothes Finishing Different finishing effects
Finished clothes Packing Product ready
PROCESS OF DYEING
PRINTING PROCESS
Textile Printing is the process of applying
color to fabric in definite patterns or designs. In properly printed fabrics the color is bonded with the fiber, so as to resist washing and friction. Textile printing is related to dyeing but in dyeing properly the whole fabric is uniformly covered with one color, whereas in printing one or more color's are applied to it in certain parts only, and in sharply defined patterns.
Printing Process Flow Chart
Mercerizing
Printing
Finishing
Inspection
Packing
Grey cloth
Stitching
Cropping
Brushing
Singeing
Drying
Washing
Bleaching
Scouring
Desizing
WASTE WATER AND ITS TREATMENT IN TEXTILE
INDUSTRY
• Textile wastewater includes a large variety of dyes and chemical additions that make the environmental challenge for textile industry not only as liquid waste but also in its chemical composition.
•Main pollution in textile wastewater come from dyeing and finishing processes.
•These processes require the input of a wide range of chemicals and dyestuffs, which generally are organic compounds of complex structure.
•Water is used as the principal medium to apply dyes and various chemicals for finishes.
•Because all of them are not contained in the final product, became waste and caused disposal problems.
•Major pollutants in textile wastewaters are high suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand, heat, colour, acidity, and other soluble substances.
•Substances which need to be removed from textile wastewater are mainly COD, BOD, nitrogen, heavy metals and dyestuffs1,2.
Processes Compounds
DESIZING
Size, Enzyme, Starch, Ammonia, Waxes
SCOURING
NaOH , Surfactants, Soaps, Fats, Waxes , Pectin, Oils, Sizes, Anti – Static agents,
Spent Solvents, Enzymes
BLEACHING
H2O2, AOX, Sodium Silicate or Organic Stabilizers, High pH
MERCERIZING
High pH, NaOH
DYEING
Color, Metals. Salts, Surfactants, Organic Processing Assistants, Sulphide , Acidity
/ Alkalinity, Formaldehyde
PRINTING
Urea, Solvents, Color, Metals.
FINISHING
Resins, Waxes, Chlorinated Compounds , Acetate, Stearate, Spent Solvents,
Softeners.
Waste through different processes
PROCESS OF WASTE WATER TREATMENT
PR
IMA
RY
SCREENING
SEDIMENTATION
EQUALIZATION
NEUTRALIZATION
CHEMICAL COGULATION
MECHNICAL FLOCCULATION
SCREENING SEDEMENTATION EQUALIZATION
NEUTRALIZATION MECHNICAL
FLOCCULATION
CHEMICAL
COGULATION
PRIMARY TREATMENT
SE
CO
ND
AR
Y AERATED LAGOON
TRICKLING FILTRATION
ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS
OXIDATION
DITCH /POND
AERATED LAGOON
TRICKLING
FILTRATION
ACTIVATED
SLUDGE
OXIDATION
DITCH / POND
SECONDARY TREATMENT
TE
RT
IAR
Y
OXIDATION TECHNIQUE
ELECTROLYTIC PRECIPITATION & FOAM
FRACTIONATION
MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGIES
ELECTROCHEMICAL PROCESSES
ION EXCHANGE
PHOTO CATALYTIC DEGRADATION ADSORPTION
THERMAL EVAPORATION
OXIDATION
TECHNIQUE
ELECTROLYTIC
PRECIPITATION &
FOAM FRACTIONATION
MEMBRANE
TECHNOLOGIES
ELECTROCHEMICAL
PROCESSES
ION
EXCHANGE
PHOTO CATALYTIC
DEGRADATION
ADSORPTION
THERMAL EVAPORATION
TERTIARY TREATMENT
WASTE FROM TEXTILE INDUSTRY