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Electronic Cultural Atlas Initiative – Computer Applications in Archaeology Joint Conference, Williamsburg, “Making History Interactive,” March 22-27, 2009. ECAI Session: Inventing Paths in Digital Data . Empowering Readers to Find Explanations: A What – Where – When – Who Approach - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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  • Electronic Cultural Atlas Initiative Computer Applications in Archaeology Joint Conference, Williamsburg, Making History Interactive, March 22-27, 2009.ECAI Session: Inventing Paths in Digital Data.

    Empowering Readers to Find Explanations:A What Where When Who Approach

    Michael BucklandECAI & School of Information,University of California, Berkeley

    ECAI/CAA Williamsburg

  • Textwith a interesting details.Who was she?Where is that?What is this?What else was happening?Reader(or Writer)ResourcesEncyclopediasAtlases, place nameBiographical dictionariesDictionariesLibrary catalogStatistical seriesetc., etc. . . . . In a paper environment, a library is a good place to read and to write because explanations are available.How do we move this situation into an internet environment?

    ECAI/CAA Williamsburg

  • Emanuel Goldberg, b. Moscow, 1881; son of Grigorii Goldberg; Univ. of Moscow, 1900-04; Ph.D w. Robert Luther, Leipzig Univ., 1906; Assistant, Adolf Miethe, TU Charlottenburg, 1906-07; Prof, Akad. f. graphische Knste, Leipzig, 1907-17; ICA, Zeiss Ikon, Dresden, 1917-1933; Kinamo cine camera, 1921; microdots, 1925; search engine, 1927; Contax 35 mm camera 1932; kidnapped by Nazi SA; refugee in Paris, 1933-37; Laboratory, Palestine, Israel, 1937; d. 1970.WHO? Click a name to search for an internet resource.

    ECAI/CAA Williamsburg

  • Emanuel Goldberg, b. Moscow, 1881; son of Grigorii Goldberg; Univ. of Moscow, 1900-04; Ph.D w. Robert Luther, Leipzig Univ., 1906; Assistant, Adolf Miethe, TU Charlottenburg, 1906-07; Prof, Akad. f. graphische Knste, Leipzig, 1907-17; ICA, Zeiss Ikon, Dresden, 1917-1933; Kinamo cine camera, 1921; microdots, 1925; search engine, 1927; Contax 35 mm camera 1932; kidnapped by Nazi SA; refugee in Paris, 1933-37; Laboratory, Palestine, Israel, 1937; d. 1970.WHERE?

    ECAI/CAA Williamsburg

  • Emanuel Goldberg, b. Moscow, 1881; son of Grigorii Goldberg; Univ. of Moscow, 1900-04; Ph.D w. Robert Luther, Leipzig Univ., 1906; Assistant, Adolf Miethe, TU Charlottenburg, 1906-07; Prof, Akad. f. graphische Knste, Leipzig, 1907-17; ICA, Zeiss Ikon, Dresden, 1917-1933; Kinamo cine camera, 1921; microdots, 1925; search engine, 1927; Contax 35 mm camera 1932; kidnapped by Nazi SA; refugee in Paris, 1933-37; Laboratory, Palestine, Israel, 1937; d. 1970.WHAT?

    ECAI/CAA Williamsburg

  • Building the functionality of a reference collection.1. Context finder: Search support from text to reference works.2. Context builder: Make, retain notes and links to reference works.3. Context provider: Make reference works better by adding two-way links, e.g. text has links to place name list AND place name list has links to texts.Demos at http://metadata.berkeley.edu/demos/

    ECAI/CAA Williamsburg

  • Initial sketch for Context Finding / Building interface.

    Save search pathSave link & notes as stand-off markup.Save link & notes as embedded mark-up.Insert / block textDefine facetRanked lists of suggested resources for each facet chosenDisplay of search result

    ECAI/CAA Williamsburg

  • Reference Genre VocabularyDisplays FacetEncyclopedia TopicsCross-references WHATAtlas, place list PlacesMaps WHEREChronology Time Timelines WHENBiogr. Dictionary PersonsRelationships WHODifferent genres for different facets require different vocabularies, different display requirementsDifferentiation by What, Where, When and Who aids disambiguation.Work in progress of feasibility and desirability of decomposing Whos Who style biographical texts into life events encoded as 4W-tuple: Actions and activities encoded by What kind of action/activity; Where; When; and involving Who [else]Search interestReasons for using WHERE, WHEN, WHO, and WHAT

    ECAI/CAA Williamsburg

  • Comment: Facet genres include other facetsEncyclopedia or library catalogTopic Geographic aspects Chronological aspects

    Place name gazetteerPlace name Type Spatial markers (Lat & long) When

    Time Period DirectoryPeriod name Type Time markers (Calendar) Where

    Biographical DictionaryPerson Activity type Time Where Who else

    ECAI/CAA Williamsburg

  • Facet genres with facets realigned: Associations.

    What Where When WhoWHAT (Library catalog) X XXX

    WHERE (Place name list)XXXX

    WHEN (Time period dir.)XXX X

    WHO (Biographical dict.) XXXX

    From LCSH Lighthouses to NGA Place name list Geographic Description Code Lthse (Lighthouse). Place name list give locations of examples. Catalog gives literature about light houses.

    Vertical: Semantic mappings to same facet resources.Horizontal: Association with other facets provides context.

    ECAI/CAA Williamsburg

  • CORPUSFRAGMENTCONTEXTContext Finder: Ad hoc searches. Looking outwards, not inwards!Reference works

    ECAI/CAA Williamsburg

  • Reading online, The Irish Review, 1911, with place names already identified. Click on Westport, then on links to more info.

    ECAI/CAA Williamsburg

  • Building the functionality of a reference collection.1. Context finder: Search support from text to reference works.2. Context builder: Make, retain notes and links to reference works.3. Context provider: Make reference works better by adding two-way links, e.g. text has links to place name list AND place name list has links to texts.

    ECAI/CAA Williamsburg

  • CORPUSFRAGMENTCONTEXTContext Builder: Query, source, result saved as markup in text; and in notes.Reference work

    ECAI/CAA Williamsburg

  • The case of editing of historical papers . . . -- Slow publication -- Very limited footnotes, most editorial research not revealed -- Duplicative, overlapping editorial researchThe constraints of the printed codex!Web-published editors notes, as low-cost byproduct.

    ECAI/CAA Williamsburg

  • ECAI/CAA Williamsburg

  • ECAI/CAA Williamsburg

  • Building the functionality of a reference collection.1. Context finder: Search support from text to reference works.2. Context builder: Making, retaining notes / links to reference works.3. Context provider: Enriching reference works by adding reverse links, e.g. place name gazetteer mentions where a place is mentioned in texts.

    ECAI/CAA Williamsburg

  • CORPUSFRAGMENTCONTEXTContext Provider: Also reverse links from resource back to text. Now two-way!Reference work

    ECAI/CAA Williamsburg

  • Facet Vocabulary Displays Reference GenreWHAT Topics Cross-references EncyclopediaWHERE PlacesMaps Atlas, place listWHEN PeriodsTimeline ChronologyWHO PersonsRelationships Biogr.dictionaryReference Genre VocabularyDisplays FacetEncyclopedia TopicsCross-references WHATAtlas, place list PlacesMaps WHEREChronology Time Timelines WHENBiogr. Dictionary PersonsRelationships WHOPaper-based reference collection: Codex determines structure and use.Reversed in a digital environment: Metadata forms infrastructure.Build a union index, so you know where too look! Little green lights!http://metadata.berkeley.edu/demos/Search interestSearch interest

    ECAI/CAA Williamsburg

  • Three projects on search support:Supported by the Institute of Museum and Library Services and the National Endowment for the Humanities. - Support for the learner: What, Where, When and Who (IMLS, 2004-06) ecai.org/imls2004 - Bringing Lives to Light: Biography in Context (IMLS, 2006-09) ecai.org/imls2006 - Context and Relationships: Ireland and Irish Studies (IMLS & NEH, 2007-09) ecai.org/neh2007Part of a long-term metadata program. Teamwork by several people: Aitao Chen, Fredric Gey, Ray Larson, Dan Melia, Barry Pateman, Vivien Petras, Ryan Shaw, and others. Demos at http://metadata.berkeley.edu/demos/

    ECAI/CAA Williamsburg


Administration & Business AffairsSuzanne Bracamonte, administrative analyst in Public Safety, has been up to something interesting in her spare time. At her buffalo ranch, she is creating

Administration & Business AffairsSuzanne Bracamonte, administrative analyst in Public Safety, has been up to something interesting in her spare time. At her buffalo ranch, she is creating

She is beautiful ! She is so beautiful! What a beautiful girl!

She is beautiful ! She is so beautiful! What a beautiful girl!

BlaNuChiLe. She is Ana. She is my mother. she is 55 years old, He likes to watch television. she is a housewife. She does not like to iron clothes. He.

BlaNuChiLe. She is Ana. She is my mother. she is 55 years old, He likes to watch television. she is a housewife. She does not like to iron clothes. He.

Topic1 Is there a clock on your desk? garden What’s she doing? She is running. Where is she?

Topic1 Is there a clock on your desk? garden What’s she doing? She is running. Where is she?

He is a great actor. That is interesting. She plays awful. …outstanding actors take part in the musical… …great director… Extraordinary costumes What.

He is a great actor. That is interesting. She plays awful. …outstanding actors take part in the musical… …great director… Extraordinary costumes What.

UNIT 1 TOPIC 2 Section B. Flash courseware Who is she ? She is Deng Yaping. Where is she from ? Shes from China. Who is she ? She is Deng Yaping. Where.

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alankumar99.files.wordpress.com · Web viewThe interview with Anne was really interesting because she shared her own experiences during confirmation. She pretty much summarized how

alankumar99.files.wordpress.com · Web viewThe interview with Anne was really interesting because she shared her own experiences during confirmation. She pretty much summarized how

Is General Jurisprudence Interesting

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UNIT 5 I’m watching TV 授课教师：唐英. Who is she? What is she doing? She is Li Yuchun. She is singing.

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colegionacho.files.wordpress.com...2019/02/08  · 50 Copy the true sentences. - She is ugly - She has long legs She is tall - She is short - She is fat - She is thin - She is pretty

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INTERESTING CASE STUDY. Mrs. Minimalar 24year old Primi from Villukuri Admitted with complaints of lower abdominal pain since 2 days. She is.

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He is tall. He is short. She is medium height. She is thin. She is fat / heavy. She is medium build.

He is tall. He is short. She is medium height. She is thin. She is fat / heavy. She is medium build.

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AWS, is it interesting?

BIOLOGY EDUCATION IS VERY INTERESTING

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What does she look like?. She is thin. She is heavy/ fat.

What does she look like?. She is thin. She is heavy/ fat.

Let’s chant What is he /she doing? He/She is ……. She is taking off her jacket. He is putting on his T-shirt. She is putting on her sweater. He is putting.

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An interesting woman · CHAPTER ONE An interesting woman I first met Penelope Ashton at a dinner-party. She was not a beautiful woman, but she was well-dressed, quite

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Hello, dear friends. She is impulsive She is optimistic She is hard working She is a good friend Her best friend nowadays is her English dictionary The.

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