CITEE 2012 ISSN: 2088-6578

PROCEEDINGS OFINTERNATONAL CONFE,RENCE ON

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGYAND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

Yogyakarta, 12 July 2012

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERINGAND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

FACULTY OF ENGINEERINGGADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY

ISSN: 2088-6578 Yagyakarta, 12 July 2012

ORGANIZER 2012

Technical Program Committee Andreas Timm-Giell (Universitat Hamburg-

Harburg Germany) Ryuichi Shimada (Tokyo Institute of

Technology, Japan) lsmail Khalil Ibrahim (Johannes Kepler

University Linz, Austria) Kang Hyun Jo (University of Ulsan, Korea) David Lopez (King's College London, United

Kingdom) Martin Klepal (Cork Institute of Technology,

Ireland) Tamotsu Nimomiya (Nagasaki University,

Japan) Ekachai Leelarasmee (Chulalongkorn

University, Thailand) Marteen Weyn (Artesis University College,

Be Igiurn) Chong Shen (Hainan University, China) Haruichi Kanaya (Kyushu University, Japan) Ramesh K. Pokharel (Kyushu University,

Japan) Ruibing Dong (Kyushu University, Japan) Kentaro Fukushima (CRIEPI, Japan) Mahmoud A. Abdelghany (Minia University,

Egypt) Sunil Singh (G B Pant University of

Agriculture & Technology, India) Abhishek Tomar (G B Pant University of

Agriculture & Technology, India) Lukito Edi Nugroho (Universitas Gadjah

Mada, Indonesia) Umar Khayam (lnstitut Teknologi Bandung,

Indonesia) Anton Satria Prabuwono (Universiti

Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia) Eko Supriyanto (Universiti Teknologi

Malaysia, Malaysia) Kamal Zuhairi Zamli (Universiti Sains

Malaysia, Malaysia) Sohiful Anuar bin Zainol Murod (Universiti

Malaysia Perlis, Malaysia)

Advisory Board F. Danang Wijaya Risanuri Hidayat

General Chair Widyawan

Chair Eka Firmansyah lndriana Hidayah Eny Sukani Rahayu Avrin Nur Widyastuti Bimo Sunarfri Hantono

ii

Chair (cont.) Sigil Basuki Wibowo Budi Setiyanto Ridi Ferdiana Yusuf Susilo Wijoyo Adhistya Ema Permanasari Prapto Nugroho Muhamrnad Nur Rizal Selo Sulistyo Sunu Wibirama Lilik Suyanti Indria Purnarnasari

Reviewer Adhistya Ema Perm1nasari Agus Bejo Avrin Nur Widyastuti Bambang Sugiyantoro Bambang Sutopo Bimo Sunarfri I:-Iantono Bondhan Winduratna Budi Setiyanto Danang Wijaya Eka Firmansyah Enas Duhri Kusuma Eny Sukani Rahayu Harry Prabowo Indriana Hidayah Insap Santosa Isnaeni Iswandi Litasari Lukito Edi Nugroho Noor Akhrnad Setiawan Prapto Nugroho Ridi Ferdiana Risanuri Hidayat Rudy Hartanto Samiadji Herdjunanto Sarjiya Sasongko Pramono Hadi Selo Sigit Basuki Wibowo Silmi Fauziati Suharyanto Sujoko Sumaryono Sunu Wibirama T. Haryono Teguh Bharata Adji Wahyu Dewanto Wahyuni Warsun Nadjib Widyawan YusufSusilo Wijoyo

CITEE 2012

DEEIT, UGM - IEEE Camp. Soc. Ind. Chapter

CITEE 2012 Yogyakarta, 12 July 2012 ISSN: 2088-6578

FOREWORD

Welcome to this year's CITEE 2012 in Yogyakarta.

Peace be upon you. First of all, praise to Allah, for blessing us with healthy and ability to comehere, in the Conference on lnfonnation Technology and Electrical Engineering 2012 (CITEE 2012).]fthere is some noticeable wisdoms and knowledge must come from Him.

This conference is the fourth annual conference organized by the Department of ElectricalEngineering and Information Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjab Mada. It isexpected that CITEE 2012 can serve as a forum for sharing knowledge and advances in the field ofInformation Technology and Electrical Engineering, especially between academic and industryresearchers.

On behalf of the committee members, Iwould like to say thank you to all of the writers, who comehere enthusiastically to share experiences and knowledge. 1 also would like to say thank you to thekeynote speakers for the participation and contribution in this conference.

According to our record, there are 150 papers from 15 countries are being submitted to thisconference and after underwent reviewing process there are 78 papers that will be presented. It is a52% acceptance rate. There are 15 papers in the field of Power Systems, 26 papers in the area ofSignals System and Circuits, 11 papers in Communication System and 26 papers in InformationTechnology. Furthermore, the proceedings of this conference is expected to be used as reference forthe academic and practitioner alike.

Finally, I would like to say thank you to all of the committee members, who worked tirelessly toprepare this conference. Special thank to lEEE Computer Society Indonesian Chapter, Departmentof Electrical Engineering and Information Technology UGM and LPPM UGM for the support,facility and funds.

Thank you and enjoy the conference, CITEE 2012, and the city, Yogyakarta

12 July 2012

Widyawan

DEEIT, UGM - IEEE Camp. Soc. Ind. Chapter 11I

ISSN 2088-6578 Yogyakarta, 12 July 2012 CITEE 2012

Schedule of CITEE 2012Yogyakarta, 12 July 2012

07.30 - 08.0008.00 - 08. J 0

RegistrationOpening SpeechI. Chairman of the Organizing Committee2. Head of Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology of Gadjah Mada

University

08.50 - 09.30

PLENARY SESSION (at Room 1): Keynote SpeechThe Development Trend of a Next Generation Vehicle and its Propulsion Motor

Professor Jin Hur, Ph.D., University of Ulsan, KoreaModerator: Eka Firmansyah

Applied VLSJ Research in IndonesiaEko Fajar Nurprasetyo, Ph.D., Xirka Silicon TechnologyModerator: Iswandi

Morning Coffee Break

08. J 0 - 08.50

09.30 - 10.00

PARALLEL SESSION

Allocated duration per paper GREEN lamp YELLOW lamp RED lamp

20 minutes (rnax.)J 0 minutes (rnax.) presentation10 minutes (rnax.) discussionEND of allocated duration

No Time Room I Room 2 Room 3 Room 4 RoomS Room 6 Room 7

Moderator Ad ha l.C. Anindito Y. A. Suhartomo A.Syakur Ravrnond B. Sarjiya Gunawan \V.~ (S-Mus #11) (l-Jkrt #11) (C-Jkrt #12) (P-TElu #13) (I-Jkrt #2 J) (P-TElb #22) (S-J krt 112J)~ I. 10.00 10.20 S-lJndJ!. #1 I l-Jkrt #12 C-Srbv 1112 P-Bnln #1 I I-Bndg #21 P-Kpng #21 S-Riaull21...

2. 10.20 - 1040 S-Srbv #12 I-Sl1l1J! #12 r-Jkrl #11 P-Pwlllll I-UGM #21 P-Mlng #21 S-Smrg #21o:3. 1040 - 11.00 s-s-s #11 l-Blldl! #11 C-Srbv #11 P-TElu #11 I-TEla #21 P-TElb #21 S-TEla #22

Moderator Nanang S. Har iandi M. M. Agus Z. AliefR.M. Amien R. Bambang S. Indra A.cc (5-Srbv #11) (l-Blldf! #11) tc-srtv #11) (P-TEla #1 I) (I-TEla #2 J) (P-TElb #21) (S-TEla #22)~11.00 - I 1.20.; 4. S-MAS#II I-Jkrt #1/ C-Jkrt #12 P-TEla #/3 I-Jkrt #21 P-TElb #22 S-Jkrt #21...

5. 11.20 - 1140 S-Bndf!. #12 l-Smrg #14 C-TEla 1111 P-P,rIIl12 I-TEIR #25 P-TElb 1123 S-Srby #21o:6. 11.40-12.00 S-SmrJf #12 l-Smrg 1111 C-TElb #11 Pi-Smru #11 I-TEla #24 P-TEla #21 S-TEla #21

12.00 - 13.00 Lunch Break

Moderator Linggo S. Catur S. M. Denny S. Supari Chairani Ridwan W. Hari M.~ (S-YOJf #1/) (I-Smrg #11) (S-SmrJf #12) (P-SmrJf #11) (I-TEla #23) (P- TEla #21) (S-TEla #21)N

.; 7. 13.00 - 13.20 S-Smrg #11 1-SmrJ! #/3 s.s-s, 1113 C-TElb 1113 I-TEla 1126 C-TEla 1121 S-Yog #21'" 8. 13.20 - 13.40 S-Mlng #12 l-UGM #12 S-Pwlllll C-TElb #12 I-TEla #27 S-TEla 1123 S-UGM 1122o:

9. I 13.40- 14.00 S-MIIIJ!. #11 I-UGM #11 S-UGMlIll P-TEla #12 I-TEla #28 S-TElb #2 I S-UGM #21Moderator Aryuanto S. Eka K. Fuhri F. Arif Jaya Zawiyah S.

CC (S-MIIIJ! #11) (!-UGM#ll) (I-SmrJ! #/3) (P-TEla #12) (I-TEla #28)N.; 10. 14.00- 14.20 S-YOJf #11 l-TElb #11 l-JPN #11 P-1ND #11 I-TEla #23.. 11. 14.20 - 14.40 s.n-. #11 I-TE/b #12 l-lND 1111 P-IRI #11 I-TEla #22'"

12. 14.40 - 15.00 S-IND 1111 l-THA 1111 C-EGY #11 l-ALG #11 C-Bndg #11

Paper codes (see Table of Contents for the details): Number #1X: International (English) papers/presentations, Number #2X: National (Indonesia) papers/presentations I, P, S, C : Information, Power, Signal/System/Circuit, Communication

Certificate of presentation will be available at the room of presentation, immediately after the paper is presented

Rooms Location: Room 1-4 : located at the "Kantor Pusat Fakultas Teknik (KPFT)" building Room 5-7 : located at the "Jurusan Teknik Elektro dan Teknologi lnformasi (JTETl)" building, 50 m from KPFT

IV DEEIT, UGM - IEEE Comp. Soc. lnd, Chapter

CITEE 2012 Yogyakarta, 12 July 2012 ISSN 2088-6578

Table of ContentsInner CoverOrganizerForewordScheduleTable of Contents

11

111

IV

V

I. I-ALG Enabling Real-time Alert Correlation Using Complex Event Processing#11 Hichem Debbi, Bilal Lounnas, and Abdelhak Bentaleb

2. I-JPN Detection and Verification of Potential Peat Fire Using Wireless Sensor Network and UAV 6#11 Rony Teguh, Toshihisa Honma, Aswin Usop, Heosin Shin, and Hajime Igarashi

3. I-IND Data Mining Application to Reduce Dropout Rate of Engineering Students 11#11 Munindra Kumar Singh, Brijesh Kumar Bharadwaj, and Saurabh Pal

4. I-THA Usability Standard and Mobile Phone Usage Investigation for the Elderly 15#11 V. Chongsuphajaisiddhi, V. Vanijja, and 0. Chotchuang

5. J-Jkrt Test on Interface Design and Usability of Indonesia Official Tourism Website 21#11 Anindito Yoga Pratama, Dea Adlina, Nadia Rahmah Al Mukarrohmah, Puji Sularsih,

and Dewi Agushinta R.

6. l-Jkrt Data Warehouse for Study Program Evaluation Reporting Based on Self Evaluation 25#12 (EPSBED) using EPSBED Data Warehouse Model: Case Study Budi Luhur University

Indra, Yudho Giri Sucahyo, and Windarto

7. I-Bndg Denial of Service Prediction with Fuzzy Logic and Intention Specification 32#11 Hariandi Maulid

8. l-Smrg Integrating Feature-Based Document Summarization as Feature Reduction in Document 39#11 Clustering

Catur Supriyanto, Abu Sa/am, and Abdul Syukur

9. l-Smrg A GPGPU Approach to Accelerate Ant Swarm Optimization Rough Reducts (ASORR) 43#12 Algorithm

Erika Devi Udayanti, Yun-Huoy Choo, Azah Kamilah Muda, and Fajar Agung Nugroho

10. l-Smrg Loose-Coupled Push Synchronization Framework to Improve Data Availability in Mobile 48#13 Database

Fahri Firdausillah, and Norhaziah Md. Sal/eh

11. l-Smrg Feature Extraction on Offline Handwritten Signature using PCA and LDA for Verification 53#14 System

Fajrian Nur Adnan, Erwin Hidayat, lka Novita Dewi, and Azah Kamilah Muda

12. I-UGM Cognitive Agent Based Modeling of a Question Answering System 58#11 Eka Karyawati, and Azhari SN

13. I-UGM GamaCloud: The Development of Cluster and Grid Models based shared-memory and MPI 65#12 Mardhani Riasetiawan

14. I-TElb Sub- Trajectory Clustering for Refinement of a Robot Controller 70#11 lndriana Hidayah

15. I-TEIb Transfer Rules Algorithm for Hierarchical Phrase-based English-Indonesian MT Using AD] 74#12 Technique

Teguh Bharata Adji

16. P-IRl Investigation of Insulation Coordination in EHV Mixed Line 77#11 AEyni, and A.Gho/ami

DEEIT, UGM - IEEE Camp. Soc. Ind. Chapter v

CITEE2012 Yogyakarta, 12 July 2012 ISSN 2088-6578

Test on Interface Design and Usability of Indonesia OfficialTourism Web site

Anindito Yoga Pratama", Dea Adlina", Nadia Rahmah AI Mllkarrohmah').Pllji Sularsih'", Dewi Agushinta R.5)

1.2.3Informatics Engineering Department, Faculty oflndustrial Engineering4, SInformation System Department, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology

Gunadanna UniversityMargonda Raya No. I00, Pondok Cina, Depok, West Java, 16424

1),2),3) {aga.ti_92, clea.adlina_ti, n4dh 1_eh4n}@stuclent.gunadarma.ae.id, 4).5) {puji, dewiar}@statT.gllnaclanna.ac.id

Abstract= Indoncsia tourism and travel information shouldreach people from all levels of society around the world. Todo this, Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy of theRepublic of Indonesia must meet the wide audience variousneeds. The case study in this article is the website "VisitIndonesia-Indonesia Official Websitc for Tourism andTravel Information" which can be accessed athttp://indonesia.travel!. We chose this case study to see thewebsite interface design and usability, in addition, we aregoing to popularize Indonesia tourism and travel highlights.The purpose of this article is to see the website's usabilityfunctions, to evaluate the, website interface design and 10give somc suggestions in order to make a better interfacedesign that will escalate the wcbsite usability.

Keywords - Interface, Usability, Website

L INTRODUCTION

Websites are used daily for reading news, findingwork vacancy, shopping, finding telephone information,ordering food, planning for a trip, selling products andeven helping a company business process. Servicesconceming customers such as customer care in acompany, interne! banking service, online reservationservice, product promotion and marketing, projectmanagement or even e-learning are examples of manyservices using web based application.

Interface development for tourism website mustactively involving user from planning trough evaluation.If a user feels uncomfortable in using an application or aproduct or a service then it can be assumed that it isdifficult to use and has the potential to be a failure. If awebsite is a failure then there will be a certain loss in allof the money spent in the development of the website,loss in reaching market success, user 'disappointment, tripplans cancelation, bad image and business processdisturbance.

Usability is a term used to indicate that people canemploy a particular tool with ease in order to achievecertain goals. Usability can also refer to the method usedto measure the usability and the study of neatness orefficiency of an object.

IT. LITERATURE REVIEW

Advance interface design has the followingcharacteristics [1]:

a. Standardization: The uniformity of the propertiesof user interfaces in different applications.

DEEIT,UGM - IEEE Comp. Soc. Incl.Chapter

b. Integration Integration ofpackaged applications and software tools.

c. Consistency Uniformity 111 -theapplication program.

d. Portability The possibility toconvert data III a variety of hardware andsoftware.

There are several things that cause reduced levels ofusability of an interface design system, they arc:

a. Text not yet clear and precise wording that is notin doubt ask the cause and finally re-read, whichallows users in interpreting it wrong.

b. The graphics are not exactly that importantelements are hidden.

c. The title is not representative. It also createsconfusion and hinders the ability of in view of therelationships that exist.

d. Requests for information that :5 not important orirrelevant, information requests require arethinking of the previous answers that confuseusers which in turn lead to errors.

e. Layout is not structured and directed that allowthe occurrence of errors.

f. Poor quality of presentation, it is difficult to read,would reduce the ability of users and cause theerror again.

There are many usability methods and principles thatexist such as usability inspections methods and discountusability methods [2], formative and summative usabilityevaluations [3]. These methods usually may alsoaccompany think-a-loud protocols and competitiveanalysis. In any usability evaluation, there are alwaysdiscussions regarding how many users are enough for atest. A study by Nielsen [4] further suggests that fiveusers are enough. Research by Faulkner [5] suggests thatas many as 85% of usability problems but that as few as55% could be found as well with using only five users.With increasing the number of users to 15, the range ofproblems found can be 90-97%.

Usability dimensions which are classified WhitneyQuesenbery [6], as follows:

Effective Effective is the first E. I f a user cannotactually do something he or she set out to do. It probablydoesn't matter whether the experience was short or long,easy or hard. In the end, they have failed to completetheir tasks or meet their goals. If we want to measure

21

ISSN 2088-6578 Yogyakarta, 12 July 2012 CITEE 2012

effectiveness, we have 10 define success or usefulness,whether this is relatively straight forward or more subtle.

Efficient Efficiency may be something that iscarefully defined. for example in a call ccnter whereoperators arc measured on the number of calls they canhandle in a day. It may be a subjective judgment when atask is taking "too long" or "too many clicks."

Engaging "Engaging" replaces "satisfaction,"looking for a word that suggests the ways that theinterface can draw someone into a site or a task. It alsolooks at the quality of the interaction, or how well theuser can connect with the way the product is presentedand organized.

Error tolerant It would bc lovely to say "error free" or"prevents errors" but mistakes, accidents andmisunderstandings will happen. The cat nudges themouse as you click. YOLl misread a link and need to findyour way back, or enter a number with a type. The realtest is how helpful the interface is when an error doesoccur.

Easy to learn A product may be used just once, oncein a while. or on a daily basis. It may support a task thatis easy or complex: and the user may be an expert or anovice in this task. But every time it is used the interfacemust be remembered or rclcarned, and new areas of theproduct may be explored over time.

Usability is defined by 5 quality components [7]:

Learnability How easy is it for users to accomplishbasic tasks the first time they encounter the design?

Efficiency Once users have learned the design,how quickly can they perform tasks?

Memorability When users return to the design afternot using it for a certain period, how easily can theyreestablish proficiency?

Errors How many errors do users make, howsevere are these errors, and how easily C3n they recoverfrom the errors?

Satisfaction How pleasant is it to use the design?

III. METHODOLOGY

The broad information on tourism triggers users toseek information on a website. Therefore in this research,testing was conducted by collecting the required datafrom users. Data is collected by using survey methodsand testing the formal usability to users. The respondentsare selected by considering their background, activity,knowledge, skills, and frequency of Internet use. Formalusability testing questionnaire is given to 30 respondentswith 3 different types of respondents which are collegestudent, lecturer, and general public. The threerespondents comprised the skilled and unskilled in usingcomputers and the Internet.

The survey was conducted to obtain early feedback,each function that is considered a problem for users andto the user general perception of the application.

Analyses were performed according to the criteriaof usability tests mentioned before.

22

From the analysis done by looking at the eriteriaspecified for testing combined with the results of thequestionnaire, we will give advice(s) in accordance withthe results that we have processed from data gatheringand testing.

Criteria used for the usability tests are easy to use,easy to learn (terms used, system speed, time, andconsistency), system fault, and the language that shouldbe used in Indonesia Official Tourism Website [8].

IV. RESULT A D Drscussro

This section will discuss the results of data collectionthat was carried out, the usability levels of IndonesiaOfficial Tourism Websitc, and the problems encounteredin Indonesia Official Tourism Website.

A. Usability TestsMeasurements of the usability tests of Indonesia

Official Tourism Wchsitc can be seen from thequestionnaire filled out by respondents, which canrepresent any question of the criteria used for theusability tests, 10 questions given in the questionnaire areas follows:

I. Is there any latest news on Indonesia Official

Tourism Websitc?2. Are the destination search results satisfactory?3. Are the activities search results satisfactory?

4. Is the applied language appropriate'!5. Does the image on the moments captured

considered as good?

6. Are the locations shown on the Map of Indonesiacorrect?

7. is the information obtained in event list complete?

8. Is the information obtained 111 the FAQ'scomplete?

9. Is there any difficulty in filling the register form

on the Register menu?

10. Is the Contact Us menu easy to use?

The 10 questions on the questionnaire are answered as"Yes" and "No", if the answer is "No", there are entriesfor the reasons and suggestions.

The results of the analysis and the questions asked ofrespondents look like in table I.

TABLE I. RESULT OF ANALYSIS AND QUESTION

Usability Levels Result (%)

Easy To Use 83.33

Easy To Learn 85.83

System Fault 45.56

Language Used 100

The following is an explanation of the analysis andanswers from the respondents conducted in accordancewith the criteria of usability tests was:

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CITEE 2012 Yogyakarta, 12 July 2012 ISSN: 2088-6578

I) Easy To UseEasy 10 use in here is intended 10 operate the menus or

elements contained in the Indonesia Official TourismWebsite can be operated easily.

1) Easy 10 learnThe easy to learn of the menus or elements contained

111 the Indonesia Official Tourism Website contentsmeasurements can be seen in the following aspects:Terms Used, System Speed, Time, and Consistency.

A detailed explanation of each of aspects is asfollows.

Terms Used Due to the limited knowledge, amongstthe overall terms contained in Indonesia Official TourismWebsite used such as the name of the menu, subrnenu,menu page headers, field lines, captions, etc., there aretwo terms that is difficult to understand by therespondents and the authors. These terms are: MICE,Ecotourism

System Speed From the analysis the authors state thatspeed of Indonesia Official Tourism Website is quite faslin responding to any command given. However respondsspeed depends on the speed of the internet throughIndonesia Official Tourism Website.

Time It does not need a long time to accesseach menu. There is no complaining from the respondentconcerning time needed in accessing each menu that arelisted in the questions.

Consistency The authors analyze that consistency ofIndonesia Tourism Official Website is quite high, on eachmenu we click there are almost no inconsistency in it.The inconsistencies found are the difference of interfacewhen changing the website language and the changed orremoved sidebars in different pages.

3) System FaultAt the time of testing, some respondents see the

mistakes made by the system (Indonesia Official TourismWebsite) when performing a search. Almost respondentsmade the same comment. Comments provided that theycomplained that the destinations and activities are notsorted based on popularity but on alphabetical order,which indicates that the destinations and activities on topof the list are not the most recommended by IndonesiaOfficial Tourism Website as seen in figure I and 2.

e-ti...~r""""". i"\-_ IJ,

lY.,r.;o~kl. ~1-'A _ J~...._,._._~,."... .. . r_t~ ..Iol..loI~_ __ .tl .f~W"'IIJI!O~_,,*t~l_to ~-"

':l)1lW~.:N~--~_' __"''''~.''''''_~'''''hoIj'","~lo~. ....~~_._t..

__ ~f..;;it _-.._._.

,/!!I'I!lOl!'''

l~_"",J'IIIi!M"I"~f"'~~""""

Figure I. Search Destinations

DEEIT, UGM - IEEE Camp. Soc. Ind. Chapter

...;;~..-- .... -.-.

'tit.,..,'r- ..

"_" .~

ISSN 2088-6578 Yogyakarta, 12 July 2012 CITEE 2012

Below is the advices given by the respondents and theauthor for the improvement of Indonesia OfficialTourism Website:

a. Negate the reCAPTCHA on the menu Contact Usand in Register form, because not everyone canunderstand how to use it.

b. Sort the search results of destinations and activitiesbased on the most recommended or on popularityrating.

c. Fixing the inconsistency on page layout for eachlanguage.

REFERENCES

III SCOI\ W. Ambler, "User Interface Design Tips, Techniques, andPrinciples", Second Edition. McGraw-Hill Book Co., Singapore,2001.

12] J. Nielsen, "Heuristic evaluation". In J. Nielsen and R.L Mack ,(Eds.), "Usability Inspection Methods", John Wiley & Sons, NewYork, NY, 1994.

131 D. Hix, and H.R Hartson, "Developing user interfaces: Ensuringusability through product and process", New York: .Iohn Wiley andSons, 1993.

[4) J. Nielsen, "Usability Engineering", Morgan Kaufmanu Publishers,1993.

[51 L. Faulkner. "Beyond the five-user assumption: Benefits ofincreased sample sizes in usability testing", Behavior ResearchMethods, Instruments, and Computers. vol. 35, no. 3. pp. 379-383.2003.

[i,1 W. Quesenbcry, "Dimensions of Usability: Defining theConversation. Driving the Process", Proceedings of the UPA 2003Conference, June 23-27, 2003.

[7] J. Nielsen, "Usability 101: Introduction to Usauility",http://www.useil.com/alertboxJ20030825.html. 25 August 2003.

[8) Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy of The Republic ofIndonesia, "Indonesia Official Tourism Web Site",http.z/indonesia.travel/, 2008.

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