Tesla Gray Mark Meyer R04

8/13/2019 Tesla Gray Mark Meyer R04

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By WONJUTesla Father of the TPU-Part 2 R0405/06/2012

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By WONJU Tesla Father of the TPU-Part 2 R04 05/06/2012

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FIG. 7


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Awhileago,IpostedapaperdescribingapossibleembodimentoftheToroidalPowerUnit(TPU)based

ontheTeslatechnologyforradiantelectricity.Onthispaper,Iwillexpandonthepreviousconceptby

providingthebasisforconstructingradiantdevices.TheattachedPDFdocumentcontainsadescription

oftheoperationofthecircuitdisclosedbyEdwinGrayinhispatentNo.4,595,975datedJune6,1986.

BecauseEdwinGraydevicewasproventoworkbywitnessesandcertifiedtestreports,Iconcentrated

onanalyzingitforthepurposeofisolatingtheradiantenergyeventthattakesplaceintheenergy

conversionelement(14).Iwillalsoconcludewithatheorythattheenergyconversionelement(14)of

EdwinGray,theToroidalPowerUnit(TPU)ofStevenMark,andtheWaterFuelCondenser(WFC)of

StanleyMeyer,allworkonaprinciplepioneeredbyNikolasTesla,aprinciplethatcouldbea

fundamentallawofnature.IwillalsodiscloseamodifiedsparkplugthatIamputtingtogetherto

simulatetheenergyconversionelement(14)ofEdwinGray.Mygoalistosharemylatestfindingwith

youandestablishaconstructeddialogthatshouldhelpmeoutonbuildingabettertestcircuit.

Ihavetakenasecondlookattheradiantelectricaleventandhaveputtogetherasequenceofdiagrams

explaininginastepbystepprocesswhatIthinkisthebasicoperationofthecircuitbuiltbyEdwinGray.

FIG.1showsacircuitasdisclosedbyEdwinGrayinhispatent.Thetransformer(66)andthemultivibrator(20)areusedtoamplifythefirstvoltageleveltoanintermediateorsecondvoltagelevel.

Thenthesecondvoltagelevelisamplifiedto3,000volts(thirdvoltagelevel)bytheturnsratioof

transformer(22).Thetransformer(66)stepsupthe120vaclinevoltage(ACfirstvoltagelevel)basedon

itsturnsratio,whilethemultivibrator(20)stepsuptheDCbatteryvoltage(DCfirstvoltagelevel)based

onfastswitchingoftheprimarycurrentwhichincreasesthevoltageattheprimaryofthetransformer

(22)byanamountequaltoL(di/dt).Lrepresentstheselfinductanceofthetransformer(22)anddi/dt

representsthesuddenchangeoftheprimarycurrent.

Forthesakeofsimplicity,thevoltagestepupdevicesareremovedsuchasthetransformers(22)and

(66),and

the

multivibrator

(20).

FIG.2

is

a

modified

version

of

the

original

circuit

shown

in

FIG.

1

and

it

willbeusedasthebasiccircuit.ThemodifiedcircuitinFIG.2alsoshowstherectifier(46)reconfiguredto

haveitscathodeconnectedtotheelements(34),(36),and(42).Notethattherectifiers(44)and(46)are

connectedinparallelinthecircuitshowninFIG.1.Asitwillbeshownlater,thenewcurrentpathformed

withthereconfiguredrectifier(46)isneededifwewanttoreusedtheenergyfromthecollapsing

magneticfieldoftheelectromagnet(36).Inaddition,theprotectivesparkgapdevice(42)isalsorevised.

AsshowninFIG.1,theprotectiondevice(42)isshortcircuitingthe3KVhighvoltagesourcecomposedof

thetransformer(22)andthebridgerectifier(24).Theconfigurationoftherectifier(46)andthespark

gapprotectiondevice(42)asshowninFIG.1appearstobeanerror.

FIG.2illustratesthepathofthechargingcurrent(Icc)ofthecapacitor(16).Capacitor(16)ischargedup

to3KV(Vc16).Idonotknowtheminimumthresholdvoltagelevelfortheradianteventtooccur,butwe

doknowthatEdwinGrayused3KVto4KVtotriggerhisenergyconversionelement(14)successfully.

FIG.3a,FIG.3b,andFIG.3cshowasequenceofeventswhena)thevoltage(Vc16)ofcapacitor(16)is

appliedtothesparkgap(62),b)whenthecapacitor(16)createsadischargecurrent(Icd)throughthe

sparkgap(62),andc)whentheinducedelectrostaticvoltage(HVe)createsacurrent(Ie)throughthe

electromagnet(36).


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FIG.3ashowstheinstantwhendistributor(26)switchesoverandclosethecontactthatconnectstothe

cathodeofthevacuumtube(28).Theclosingofthecontactinthedistributor(26)createsapaththat

appliesthefullvoltage(Vc16=3KV)ofthecapacitor(16)tothesparkgap(62)formedbetweenthe

electrodes(12)and(32).

FIG.3billustratestheinstantwhenthearcflashoccursthroughthesparkgap(62)allowingthecapacitor(16)todischarge. Thepathofthedischargingcurrent(Icd)comprisesthesparkgap(62),theresistor

(30),therectifier(28),thedistributor(26),andthebattery(40).Asshowninthisfigure,thedischarging

current(Icd)alsochargesthebattery(40)similartoatricklechargemode.Resistor(30)protectsthe

battery(40)bylimitingthemaximumcurrent(Icd)thatcanflowthroughthebattery.Becausethe

currentisnotcausingtheradianteffect(asindicatedbelow),thecapacitanceofthecapacitor(16)can

besmall.Bydecreasingthedischargingcurrentthelifeofthesparkgap(62)elements(12)and(32)is

alsoincreased.

ThequestionthatarisesfromcomparingFIG.3aandFIG.3bis,whenandhowdoestheradiantevent

takeplace?AsexplainedinmyfirstpostandinaccordancewithGarryVassilatos(fromhisbookSecrets

ofColdWarTechnology,ProjectHAARPandBeyond),assoonastheelectricalcurrentappears,the

radiantphenomenonstops.Therefore,theradianteventshouldonlytakeplaceduringthebrieftime

(instantaneous)whentheswitchclosesinthedistributor(26)andjustpriortotheoccurrenceofthearc

flashinthesparkgap(62).ThisscenarioisillustratedinFIG.3a.Howtheradiantenergyisgeneratedwill

dependontheinitialvoltagewaveformreachingthesparkgap(62).Eachoneoftheelectricaland

electronicscomponentsformingthepathshowninFIG.3ashouldbecarefullyselectedandfinetunedto

haveatrainofvoltagepulseswithspecificdutycycle,frequency,andwaveform.Forinstance,itis

recommendedthatthedurationofthepulsebesmallerthan0.1S. Thewavefrontshouldchange

suddenly,thatis,dv/dt .Thelatterrequirementsharelightontheimportanceoftheselectionofthe

distributor(26)

and

the

rectifier

(28).

Ihave

read

articles

that

minimize

the

function

of

the

distributor

(26),butifthisfunctioniseliminated,theradianteventmaynevertakeplace.Withoutthedistributor

(26),thevoltageatthesparkgap(62)wouldbuildupinphasewiththevoltageatthecapacitor(16)with

amuchlowerdv/dt.Theclosureoftheswitchinthedistributor(26)appliesasuddenfullvoltageofthe

chargedcapacitor(Vc16=3KV)tothesparkgap(62).Therequirementforhavingavoltagepulsewith

highdv/dtisalsothereasonwhyMr.Graychoseavacuumtube(28)asarectifierinsteadofasolidstate

semiconductordiode.ItseemsthatEdwinGraydidnotfindafastenoughsolidstatediodeforhishigh

voltageapplication.Thesolidstatediodeshaveaninherentdelayduetotherecombinationofholesand

electronsatthejunction.FIG.3aalsoshowsthepolarityoftheinducedelectrostaticvoltage(HVe)where

thegrid(34)ischargedpositive(++)andtheelements(12)and(32)arechargedwithanegative

potential().

FIG.3cillustratesthepathoftheelectrostaticcurrent(Ie)generatedbytheinducedelectrostaticvoltage

(HVe).Thepathconsistsoftheelectromagnet(36),capacitor(38),battery(18),andrectifier(44).

Becausethevoltage(Vc16)ofcapacitor(16)isreversebiasingtherectifier(44)andthebridgerectifier

(24),theinitialelectrostaticcurrent(Ie)mayflowthroughthecapacitor(16).EventhoughIhave

sketchedtheelectrostaticcurrent(Ie)flowinginFIG.3c,Isuspectthatthiscurrentstartscirculatingas


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soonastheelectrostaticvoltage(HVe)appears,thatis,itmayhappensimultaneouslywithFIG.3aand

FIG.3b.

AsshowninFIG.3c,theelectrostaticvoltage(HVe)isalsoinducedbetweentheelectrode(32)andgrid

(34).Ifthevacuumrectifier(28)iseliminated,current(Ie2)showninbluecolorwouldalsoflowthrough

thebattery(18),thebattery(40),thedistributor(26),andtheresistor(30).Thefunctionofthevacuumrectifier(28)istopreventtheflowofcurrentthroughbothbatteriessimultaneously.Iftheenergy

conversiontube(14)isusedwithoutthebatteries(18)and(40),thentherectifier(28)isnotneeded.

FIG.4illustratesthemomentwhenthecollapsingmagneticfieldoftheelectromagnet(36)inducesa

kickbackvoltage(VL36)asaresponsetoachangeinthecoilcurrent(Ie).Theinductanceofthecoilof

electromagnet(36)willopposeanychangeofcurrentflowingthroughitscoil.Therefore,whencurrent

(Ie)stops,thecollapsingmagneticfieldoftheelectromagnet(36)inducesavoltagewithopposite

polarityandwithmagnitudesoastomaintainaconstantcurrent( )()( + = tt IkbIe ).Thepathofthe

current(Ikb)consistsofthecapacitor(38),battery(18),andrectifier(46).Now,itisclearwhythe

configurationofrectifier(46)showninFIG.4iscorrectandtheoneshownintheoriginalcircuitinFIG.1isnot.Notethatthebattery(18)receiveschargefromtwoevents,theelectrostaticeventofFIG.3cand

thefeedbackeventofFIG.4.

Somethingthatpuzzlesmeisthefunctionofcapacitor(38).Atfirstglance,youmaythinkthatcapacitor

(38)andtheinductanceoftheelectromagnet(36)formaresonancecircuittunedtomaximizetheeffect

oftheradiantevent.But,thiscircuitcannotoscillatebecausethecurrentcanonlyflowinonedirection.

Itmightbethecasethatthecapacitor(38)isusedtocontroltheamountofcurrentthatcanflowinthe

circuit.Inthatrespect,capacitor(38)couldplayarolesimilartotheresistor(30).

FIG.5showsthesparkgapprotection(42)deviceinaction.Mr.Grayandhisteamcouldnotreliably

controlthemagnitudeoftheinducedelectrostaticvoltage(HVe).Onceinawhiletheelectrostatic

voltagegrewdangerouslyhighdamagingsomecircuitcomponents.Therewasaneedtodumpthis

excessenergythroughthesparkgap(42)wheneveritappears.Icametotheconclusionthatthe

problemisduetoacombinationoffactors.Forinstance,themechanicalmultivibrator(26)isnota

reliabledevice.Withtime,thecontactofthismechanicalswitchbecomesunpredictable,distortingthe

waveformsofthepulsesappliedtotheprimaryofthestepuptransformer(22).Asaconsequence,the

voltagelevel(Vc16)ofthecapacitor(16)canbeerratic.Inaddition,environmentalconditionssuchas

temperature,humidity,pressure,etc.,canaffecttheperformanceofthearcflashinthesparkgap(62).

OBSERVATIONS:

Theenergyleveloftheelectricpulsesisafunctionofthedutycycle,thefrequency,andthewaveform

oftheappliedsignal.Thewaveformshouldhaveahighdv/dtvalueandtheturnonpulseduration

shouldbeverysmall.Theexcitingenergyleveloftheelectricpulsesrequiredtogeneratetheradiant

eventshoulddependonthetypeofmaterialusedastheexcitingcentralelectrode(12).AsIstatedin

myfirstpost,Isuspectedthattheradianteventmightbeduetoaresponsefromthemolecular/atomic

structureofthecentralelectrode(12)whensubjectedtohighfrequency,highvoltageelectricpulses.

Thisconceptisbasedonthetheoryofquantummechanicsrelatedtotheemissionandabsorptionof


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photonswhentheelectronsmovebetweendifferentorbitsandquantumstates.Whenelectronmoves

toalowerorbit,aphotonoflightisemitted.Onthecontrary,whentheelectronmovestoahigher

orbit,aphotonoflightisabsorbed.Herethereisapatternbetweenthemovementofelectronsandthe

radiantenergyemission/absorption.Asimilarpatternofenergyandmovementofelectronsisfoundin

xrayevents.Xraysaregeneratedwhenelectronstravellingathighspeedarebroughttoasuddenstop.

Forinstance,allcathoderaytubes(CTR)usedinoldTVsetshadlabelswarningaboutxrayradiations.

Theimagecreatedonthesetubesisgeneratedbyanelectronicemissionstrikingananodecoatedwitha

phosphorousmaterial.Theaccelerationoftheelectronshittingtheanodeisafunctionoftheelectric

fieldgeneratedbythehighvoltageappliedbetweenthecathodeandtheanode.TVtechnicianswere

advisednottoincreasetheflybackvoltageabovecertainlevelbecauseofpossiblegenerationof

dangerousxrayradiations.

Again,thexrayeventshowsapatternbetweenthemovementofelectronsandradiantenergy.Iwas

notabletofindfurtherinformationtosupportmytheoryuntilIcameacrosswiththeexperiment

performedbyRudolphL.Mossbauer,agraduatestudentatCaltec,asdescribedbyVassilatosonpage

185.Rudolphobservedaphenomenonwhere(quote)Gammarayemittedfromspecificelementsoccurswithemissionsofphonons,acousticwavesofatomicwavelength.EachGammarayemittedfrom

thecrystallinelatticeofoneoftheseelementsisaccompaniedbyaconstantproductionofsuperhigh

frequencysound.Thephenomenonwasconsideredtobeanamazingnaturalbehavior,the

consequenceofrecoilinacrystallinestructure.EachGammarayemitted,resultsinanequaland

oppositephononemissioninthelattice.Hereforthefirsttime,scientistswereobservingthedetailsof

radioactivedecay,notingthatphotons,anenergyphenomenon,werealwaysaccompaniedbyphonons,

amaterialphenomenon.

Furthermore,(quote)itwasfoundthatadditionsofsoundenergytosmallwiressamplesofthese

elements,later

known

as

MOSSBAUER

ISOTOPES,

produced

very

sharp

Gamma

ray

emissions.

It

was

concludedthattheexcitingenergylevelwasreached(quote)whensharpshockwaveapplications

effectivelycoupledwithcrystallinelatticestructuresinarealmassrelatedresonance...Inotherwords,

Rudolphsexperimentdemonstratedarelationshipbetweenradiantenergyandmechanicalenergy

correspondingtotheoscillationsofthelatticescausinganacousticsoundwave.

Itismybeliefthatthisresonanceeffectispartofamorefundamentalconceptinwhichanymaterial

(metalinthiscase)canbeplaceinanatomic/molecularresonancestatethatgeneratesweirdsortsof

energiessuchastheradiantelectricenergypioneeredbyNikolasTesla.And,thissameresonance

techniquecanbeusedtobreakthebondingforcesamongtheatomswithinamolecule.Forinstance,

StaleyMeyerusedthisresonancetechniquetosplitthewatermoleculesintohydrogenandoxygen.

Basedontheabove,Irecommendtestingwithmetalsotherthancopperastheexcitingelement.I

wouldsay,itshouldbeeasiertoexciteheaviermetalsbecauseofthemuchcrowdedconditionsofits

atomicorbits.Goodcandidatesareleadandtin.

Ontheotherhand,itisinterestingtothinkoftheTPUasanenergyconversionelement(14).The

embodimentoftheTPUcouldbesimilartotheenergyconversionelement(14)whentheelectrostatic


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grid(34)isreplacedwithacoppercoil.Theelectrostaticoutputvoltage(HVe)shouldbetakennot

betweenthecoilterminalsbutbetweenthecoil(34)andtheexcitingelectrode(12)asshowninFIG.3c.

Finally,Iamintheprocessofconstructingalowcostversionoftheenergyconversionelement(14)

basedonanautomobilesparkplug.Theconversionfromatwoterminalsparkplugintoathreeterminal

energyconversiondevice(14)isshowninFIG.6.Fortheconversion,removetheceramicinsulator.Oncetheceramicinsulatorisremoved,then,replacethecenterelectrodewithametalwire.Themetal

cylinderactingastheelectrostaticgrid(34)isattachedwithelectricinsulators1and2asshowninFIG.6.

Please,notethatsomesparkplugshaveotherscomponentsalongthecenterelectrodethatalsorequire

removalsuchasresistors,springmechanisms,etc.RefertoFIG.7.

Still,thereisthequestionof,whydoestheradiantenergyeventmanifestitselfincircuitswithspark

gapssuchastheonedescribedinthispaperandcircuitswithinductioncoilsonly?Theanswertothis

questionmaybefoundifweassumethattheradiantenergyeventisduetotheSQUEEZING

CONDITIONofthemolecules/atomsinthematerialoftheexcitingelectrode.Thesparkgapdevicesand

inductioncoilscancreatethesqueezingeffectrequiredtogenerateradiantenergy.

Firstofall,letusdefinetheSQUEEZINGCONDITIONastheconditionthatexistswhenahighDC

voltagepulse(highdv/dt)isappliedtoelectricchargeswhilethecurrentisstillzero(I=0).Thatis,the

squeezingConditionrefersto v/tishighandI=0.Please,notethatthesqueezingconditioncanalso

existforI 0,butforthesakeofsimplicityIamonlyconsideringthecaseI=0.

FIG.8aisanillustrationofthechargesinanaturalstateinapieceofconductor.NoDCvoltageisapplied

andtheelectricfieldEandthecurrentIarezero.

FIG.8bshowsthemovementofthecharges(currentI 0)insteadystatewhenanelectricfieldEis

applied.

Under

this

condition

the

electric

field

E

is

very

small

within

two

points

along

the

conductor.

In

otherwords,asmallvoltageappliedtoawirecanproducehighcurrentcirculationduetoitslow

resistance.AsshowninFIG.8b,thechargesmovesinorderlyfashionandthesqueezingeffectis

negligible.

FIG.9illustratestheconditioninadiscontinuouselectrodewhenahighintensityelectricfieldEis

applied.Thediscontinuitycreatesajammingconditionattheendoftheelectrode.Thechargesare

squeezedagainsteachotheruntilabreakingpointisreachedandthechargesjumpofftheendofthe

electrodeintothesparkgap.Keepinmindthatthisprocesshappensatveryhighspeed.Intheinstantof

theoccurrenceofthesqueezingcondition,theelectricfieldEalongtheelectrodehasagradientprofile

anditisconsideredtohaveamuchgreatervaluebetweentwopointsalongtheelectrode.Ifthevoltage

gradientishighenough,thesqueezingconditioncanreachacriticalpointwheretheradiantenergycan

manifest.Assoonasthechargesstartmovingthroughthegapduetothearcflashoccurrence,the

squeezingconditiondecreasesandtheradianteventstop.

FIG.10illustratesthecaseofradiantenergygenerationwithaninductioncoil.Thewireconnectedtothe

coilterminalshavebeenenlargedforthepurposeofclarity.WhentheDCvoltagepulseisappliedtoan

inductorLatt=0,then .Thewaytheinductorforcestheinitialcurrenttozeroisby0)0()0( == + II


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inducingavoltagewithanoppositepolarityandequalmagnitudetotheappliedDCvoltagepulse(VL=

L*di/dt).RecallthateventhoughI=0,itsderivativeisveryhighatt=0.AsshowninFIG.10,thecharges

alongtheconductorbetweentheDCpulsesourceandtheinductioncoilLaresqueezedbytwo

oppositevoltages.Ifthesqueezingconditionreachesacriticalpoint,theradianteventcanoccur.As

noted,theresultingsqueezingconditionintheconductorissimilartothecasewiththeelectrodeofthe

sparkgapasexplainedabove.

FIG.11andFIG.12illustrateapossiblegraphicscenarioofwhatisgoingoninthesparkgapdeviceand

theinductioncoil.InbothcasesthecurrentsarezeroprevioustotheapplicationoftheDCpulseatt=0.

Whenthearcflashoccursinthesparkgapdevice,thecapacitordischargeshavingamaximumcurrent

valueatt=0andthendecaysrapidly.Ontheotherhand,whentheDCpulseisappliedtothecoilatt=

0,thecurrentstartsrisingrapidlyfromzerouptoamaximumcurrentvalueastimepasses.Referto

FIG.11bandFIG.12b.

FIG.11candFIG.12cillustrateapossibleprofileofthesqueezingforcesandradiantenergyeventsforthe

sparkgapcircuitandtheinductioncoil,respectively.Becausethecurrentinthesparkgapstartsfroma

maximumvalue,theradianteventshoulddiefasterthanthecaseforthecoils.

Thankyouforyourtime,andkeepupthegoodwork!

WONJU.


Tesla Gray Mark Meyer R04

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