Terror Grips FranceTerror Grips France

What happens during “The Reign of Terror”?

Rise of Jacobins 1791: National Assembly adopts a new constitution, limits King’s

power & includes Declaration of the Rights of Man Louis XVI reluctantly accepts new constitution Prussia & Austria demand Assembly return Louis to full power National Assembly declares war on Prussia & Austria

VS Angry mob forms in Paris and jails Louis & his family

A radical group called the Jacobins seize control of the govt.

Led by Jean-Paul Marat, Jacobins abolish monarchy

1792: Louis is put on trial for treason - found guilty & executed

When Marat is killed Jacobins want revenge on Marie Antoinette

Execution of the Royals in FrancePart One – Marat page 224 How did people act when they read or heard Marat? Why was he in the bath so much? Who was Charlotte Corday and what happens to Marat?

Part Two – Biography: The Tragic Queen Why is the family unable to escape? Where is the royal family sent? What evidence is used against Louis in his trial? How do the French Revolutionaries get revenge on Marie

Antoinette?

Robespierre & The Reign of Terror France begins winning key battles in war against Prussia & Austria,

causing Britain, Netherlands & Spain to war against France

Robespierre abolishes slavery but calls for the execution of enemies of the revolution

Robespierre forms Committee for Public Safety, 40K executed, 85% from the 3rd Estate

Robespierre’s rule is the Reign of Terror

1794: Fearing their own safety, members of the Assembly arrest Robespierre and have him executed

1793: Jacobins, now led by Maximilien Robespierre, orders a draft – 800K citizens now in army

The Guillotine – Capital Punishment in France Pg 225

Questions: (add to notes)

1) Who was the guillotine named after and how did they justify the machine?

2) When was the guillotine first introduced in France and how did crowds react to it?

3) What did many doctors believe happened after the execution?

4) Do you feel the guillotine is cruel and unusual punishment? Why/why not?